scholarly journals Contrasting Effects of Chinese Fir Plantations of Different Stand Ages on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Communities

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Wang ◽  
Lin Xue ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Forest Age ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

Soil enzymes and microbial communities are key factors in forest soil ecosystem functions and are affected by stand age. In this study, we studied soil enzyme activities, composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities and relevant physicochemical properties at 0–10 cm depth (D1), 10–20 cm depth (D2) and 20–30 cm depth (D3) soil layers in 3-(3a), 6-(6a), 12-(12a), 18-(18a), 25-(25a), 32-(32a) and 49-year-old (49a) Chinese fir plantations to further reveal the effects of stand age on soil biotic properties. Spectrophotometry and high-throughput sequencing was used to assess the soil enzyme activity and microbial community composition and diversity of Chinese fir plantation of different stand ages, respectively. We found that soil catalase activity increased as the stand age of Chinese fir plantations increased, whereas the activities of urease, sucrase and β-glucosidase in 12a, 18a and 25a were lower than those in 6a, 32a and 49a. Shannon and Chao1 indices of bacterial and fungal communities first decreased gradually from 6a to 18a or 25a and then increased gradually from 25a to 49a. Interestingly, the sucrase and β-glucosidase activities and the Shannon and Chao1 indices in 3a were all lower than 6a. We found that the relative abundance of dominant microbial phyla differed among stand ages and soil depths. The proportion of Acidobacteria first increased and then decreased from low forest age to high forest age, and its relative abundance in 12a, 18a and 25a were higher than 3a, 32a and 49a, but the proportion of Proteobacteria was opposite. The proportion of Ascomycota first decreased and then increased from 6a to 49a, and its relative abundance in 12a, 18a and 25a was lower than 3a, 6a, 32a and 49a. Our results indicate that soil enzyme activities and the richness and diversity of the microbial community are limited in the middle stand age (from 12a to 25a), which is important for developing forest management strategies to mitigate the impacts of degradation of soil biological activities.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Washing Solutions on Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Community in Agricultural Soil Severely Contaminated With Cadmium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Chunfa Wu ◽  
Shaopo Deng ◽  
Jinlu Zhang ◽  
Jinyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

Abstract Soil enzyme activities and microbial communities have a good response to the remediation effect of heavy metal-contaminated soils. To evaluate the effect of three commonly used washing agents, ferric chloride (FC), ethylenediamine-tetra- methylenephosphonic acid (EDTMP) and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on soil enzyme activities and microbial community in cadmium (Cd)- contaminated agricultural soil collected around the mining area. The soil enzyme activities, microbial community, chemical forms of Cd and some physicochemical properties of the soil washed with different washing solutions were determined after two months incubation. The results showed that the three washing solutions had moderate removal efficiencies (22.83%-37.56%) for Cd in the tested soil and the breakdown product of EDTMP has a certain stabilizing effect on Cd. The geometric mean and the integrated total enzyme activity index showed that soil washing with FC and EDTA were more beneficial to the restoration of biochemical functions than that with EDTMP. The relative abundance of Gemmatimonadetes in the soil washed with EDTA was significantly higher than that with FC and EDTMP. The relative abundance of Firmicutes in the soil washed with EDTMP was significantly increased, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the soil washed with FC was significantly decreased. Pearson correlation analysis and redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the three washing solutions affected soil enzyme activities and microbial community by altering soil nutrient, total Cd concentration and Cd fractions in soils.

scholarly journals Responses of soil microbial communities and enzyme activities to nitrogen and phosphorus additions in Chinese fir plantations of subtropical China

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 10359-10387 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Y. Dong ◽  
X. Y. Zhang ◽  
X. Y. Liu ◽  
X. L. Fu ◽  
F. S. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Nutrient Additions

Abstract. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions to forest ecosystems are known to influence various above-ground properties, such as plant productivity and composition, and below-ground properties, such as soil nutrient cycling. However, our understanding of how soil microbial communities and their functions respond to nutrient additions in subtropical plantations is still not complete. In this study, we added N and P to Chinese fir plantations in subtropical China to examine how nutrient additions influenced soil microbial community composition and enzyme activities. The results showed that most soil microbial properties were responsive to N and/or P additions, but responses often varied depending on the nutrient added and the quantity added. For instance, there were more than 30 % greater increases in the activities of β-Glucosidase (βG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the treatments that received nutrient additions compared to the control plot, whereas acid phosphatase (aP) activity was always higher (57 and 71 %, respectively) in the P treatment. N and P additions greatly enhanced the PLFA abundanceespecially in the N2P treatment, the bacterial PLFAs (bacPLFAs), fungal PLFAs (funPLFAs) and actinomycic PLFAs (actPLFAs) were about 2.5, 3 and 4 times higher, respectively, than in the CK. Soil enzyme activities were noticeably higher in November than in July, mainly due to seasonal differences in soil moisture content (SMC). βG or NAG activities were significantly and positively correlated with microbial PLFAs. There were also significant relationships between gram-positive (G+) bacteria and all three soil enzymes. These findings indicate that G+ bacteria is the most important microbial community in C, N, and P transformations in Chinese fir plantations, and that βG and NAG would be useful tools for assessing the biogeochemical transformation and metabolic activity of soil microbes. We recommend combined additions of N and P fertilizer to promote soil fertility and microbial activity in this kind of plantation.

Effects of biochar on the growth of apple seedlings, soil enzyme activities and fungal communities in replant disease soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 108641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Wang ◽  
Zhiting Ma ◽  
Xiaowei Wang ◽  
Qiran Sun ◽  
Haiqiang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Replant Disease

Influence of the application of Fe–Mn–La ternary oxide-biochar composites on the properties of arsenic-polluted paddy soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056
Author(s):  
Lina Lin ◽  
Minling Gao ◽  
Xuewei Liu ◽  
Zhengguo Song
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Ternary Oxide ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Arsenic Fractionation

The effects of Fe–Mn–La ternary oxide-biochar composites on arsenic fractionation, soil enzyme activities, and microbial communities in arsenic-polluted soils were determined.

scholarly journals Divergence of dominant factors in soil microbial communities and functions in forest ecosystems along a climatic gradient

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1217-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Xu ◽  
Guirui Yu ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Nianpeng He ◽  
Qiufeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Microbial Plfas

Abstract. Soil microorganisms play an important role in regulating nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Most of the studies conducted thus far have been confined to a single forest biome or have focused on one or two controlling factors, and few have dealt with the integrated effects of climate, vegetation, and soil substrate availability on soil microbial communities and functions among different forests. In this study, we used phospholipid-derived fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to investigate soil microbial community structure and extracellular enzymatic activities to evaluate the functional potential of soil microbes of different types of forests in three different climatic zones along the north–south transect in eastern China (NSTEC). Both climate and forest type had significant effects on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities with considerable interactive effects. Except for soil acid phosphatase (AP), the other three enzyme activities were much higher in the warm temperate zone than in the temperate and the subtropical climate zones. The soil total PLFAs and bacteria were much higher in the temperate zone than in the warm temperate and the subtropical zones. The soil β-glucosidase (BG) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activities were highest in the coniferous forest. Except for the soil fungi and fungi–bacteria (F/B), the different groups of microbial PLFAs were much higher in the conifer broad-leaved mixed forests than in the coniferous forests and the broad-leaved forests. In general, soil enzyme activities and microbial PLFAs were higher in primary forests than in secondary forests in temperate and warm temperate regions. In the subtropical region, soil enzyme activities were lower in the primary forests than in the secondary forests and microbial PLFAs did not differ significantly between primary and secondary forests. Different compositions of the tree species may cause variations in soil microbial communities and enzyme activities. Our results showed that the main controls on soil microbes and functions vary in different climatic zones and that the effects of soil moisture content, soil temperature, clay content, and the soil N ∕ P ratio were considerable. This information will add value to the modeling of microbial processes and will contribute to carbon cycling in large-scale carbon models.

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