scholarly journals Geoheritage in Deltaic Environments: Classification Notes, Case Example, and Geopark Implication

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mikhailenko ◽  
Dmitry Ruban
Keyword(s):  
River Delta ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Don River ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Ecosystem Interactions ◽  
Geological Phenomenon

River deltas boast ecosystem richness, but their efficient conservation and management require consideration of the full spectrum of natural phenomena, including those which are geological. Few specialists have explored the issue of deltaic geological heritage (geoheritage), and the relevant knowledge remains scarce and non-systematised. This paper proposes the first classification of this geoheritage. Five categories are distinguished: entire-delta geological phenomenon, delta-associated “purely” geological features, delta-associated features resulting from geology–ecosystem interactions, geological features occasional to deltas, and geoarchaeological localities in deltas. Chosen as a case example, the Don River delta in the southwestern part of Russia possesses geoheritage of these categories, except for the latter. The relevant unique geological features differ by their types and ranks. Of particular interest is the phenomenon of a self-cleaning environment which prevents mercury concentration in the soil despite pollution from natural and anthropogenic sources. The complexity of the deltaic geoheritage, its co-existence with the rich biodiversity, and the aesthetical issues make geopark creation in river deltas a sensible venture. Relevant proposals have been made for Malaysia and the Netherlands–Belgium border, and the Don River delta in Russia also presents an appropriate location for geopark creation.

MONITORING RESULTS OF SAZAN (CYPRINUS CARPIO CARPIO LINNAEUS, 1758) POPULATION IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE TAGANROG BAY AND THE DON RIVER DELTA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Balykin ◽  
◽  
A.V. Startsev ◽  
G.E. Guskov ◽  
A.S. Grin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio Carpio ◽  
Don River ◽  
Taganrog Bay ◽  
Biological State

The materials for 2003-2018 on the biological state of sazan of the eastern part of the Taganrog Bay and the Don River delta were summarized. It has been shown that the catches of sazan in the study area consisted of more than half of the fish of younger age groups, the length of which was less than the commercial measure. The ratio of linear and weight growth of sazan is shifting towards a decrease in the mass of one-dimensional specimen, which is indirect evidence of the deterioration of the natural living conditions of semi-migratory fish. In 2019, the carp parasite fauna was represented by 7 species related to monogenes - 2 species, cestodes - 3 species, nematodes - 1 species, crustaceans - 1. The state of the sazan population needs further research.

scholarly journals Structural variant detection in cancer genomes: computational challenges and perspectives for precision oncology

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ianthe A. E. M. van Belzen ◽  
Alexander Schönhuth ◽  
Patrick Kemmeren ◽  
Jayne Y. Hehir-Kwa
Keyword(s):  
Intratumor Heterogeneity ◽  
Precision Oncology ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Cancer Genomes ◽  
Genomic Aberrations

AbstractCancer is generally characterized by acquired genomic aberrations in a broad spectrum of types and sizes, ranging from single nucleotide variants to structural variants (SVs). At least 30% of cancers have a known pathogenic SV used in diagnosis or treatment stratification. However, research into the role of SVs in cancer has been limited due to difficulties in detection. Biological and computational challenges confound SV detection in cancer samples, including intratumor heterogeneity, polyploidy, and distinguishing tumor-specific SVs from germline and somatic variants present in healthy cells. Classification of tumor-specific SVs is challenging due to inconsistencies in detected breakpoints, derived variant types and biological complexity of some rearrangements. Full-spectrum SV detection with high recall and precision requires integration of multiple algorithms and sequencing technologies to rescue variants that are difficult to resolve through individual methods. Here, we explore current strategies for integrating SV callsets and to enable the use of tumor-specific SVs in precision oncology.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF TYPOLOGY IN CHINESE ARCHAEOLOGY

Early China ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 21-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Hein
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Chinese Archaeology ◽  
Archaeological Method And Theory ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Method ◽  
The Rich

AbstractChinese and Western archaeologists (especially those of the anthropologically-oriented tradition) often seem to be talking past each other, not only because they are publishing in different languages, but also because of differences in theory and method. While most of the major theoretical works in Western languages are by now available in Chinese translations, hardly any English-language publications exist that explain Chinese approaches to archaeological method and theory. This article helps to bridge the gap by introducing the history of debates on archaeological method in China to a Western audience, focusing particularly on issues of typology and classification. Discussing in detail the merits—and issues—of approaches suggested by four of the most influential Chinese archaeologists (Li Chi, Xia Nai, Su Bingqi, and K. C. Chang), this article provides a deeper understanding of the preconditions of archaeological research in China. It also suggests future directions for archaeological work by local and foreign archaeologists, including but also going beyond the classification of the rich body of artifacts coming to light in Chinese excavations.

scholarly journals Recovery and Restoration of Biloxi Marsh in the Mississippi River Delta

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3179
Author(s):  
G. Paul Kemp ◽  
Elizabeth C. McDade ◽  
John W. Day ◽  
Robert R. Lane ◽  
Nancye H. Dawers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
The State ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Mississippi River Delta ◽  
Industry Data ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Restoration Measures ◽  
Different Levels

The State of Louisiana is leading an integrated wetland restoration and flood risk reduction program in the Mississippi River Delta. East of New Orleans, Biloxi Marsh, a ~1700 km2 peninsula jutting 60 km north toward the State of Mississippi is one of few Delta wetland tracts well positioned to dissipate hurricane surge and waves threatening the city’s newly rebuilt hurricane flood defenses. Both its location on the eastern margin of the Delta, and its genesis as the geologic core of the shallow water St. Bernard/Terre aux Boeuf sub-delta, which was the primary Mississippi outlet for almost 2000 years, make Biloxi Marsh attractive for restoration, now that the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet deep-draft ship channel has been dammed, and 50 years of impacts from construction and operation have abated. Now, the cascade of ecosystem damage it caused can be reversed or offset by restoration projects that leverage natural recovery and increased access to suspended sediment from the Mississippi River. Biloxi Marsh is (1) geologically stable, (2) benefiting from increased input of river sediment, and (3) could be restored to sustainability earlier and for a longer period than most of the rest of the submerging Mississippi Delta. The focus of this review is on the Biloxi Marsh, but it also provides a template for regional studies, including analysis of 2D and 3D seismic and other energy industry data to explore why existing marshes that look similar on the ground or from the air may respond to restoration measures with different levels of success. Properties of inherent durability and resilience can be exploited in restoration project selection, sequencing and expenditure. Issues encountered and investigative methods applied in the Biloxi Marsh are likely to resonate across initiatives now contemplated to sustain valuable river deltas worldwide.

scholarly journals Mushroom Biomass: Some Clinical Implications of β-Glucans and Enzymes

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (Special-Issue-October) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Ana Barros ◽  
Vitoria Bell ◽  
Jorge Ferrão ◽  
Vittorio Calabrese ◽  
Tito Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Mushrooms have attracted market attention because they are a potential source of bioactive compounds able to perform several functions in organisms with benefits for the health of the consumer. Cultivation processes vary according a) industrial fermentation - in large vats to produce extracted form of mushrooms or b) closed cultivation system - individually grown in jars on an aseptic “substrate” with controlled lighting and irrigation to produce a biomass form of mushrooms. Biomass is the mycelium with primordia (young fruiting body - before the mushroom blooms) containing all the nutrients and active compounds, including β-glucans, enzymes and secondary metabolites. The classification of mushroom biomass varies according to the presentation; the biomass can be classified as a “food” if in powder form or, classified as a “dietary supplement” in tablet form. While tablet mushroom biomass is considered a dietary supplement, mushroom extracts are designated pharmaceutical compounds, pharmanutrients or nutraceuticals. Here we illustrate the difference between mushrooms in the biomass and extract forms, the similarities and differences on its content on enzymes, secondary metabolites and on β-glucans, as a soluble and fermentable fibre. Of particular note is the rich enzyme activity in the biomass form of mushrooms. Such activity includes enzymes that prevent oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase), enzymes that prevent cellular growth (protease, glucoamylase) and enzymes that promote detoxification (cytochrome P-450, peroxidase, glucose-2-oxidase). β-glucans have been proposed to act as “biological response modifiers” based on their effects on the immune system, and its role in the prevention and treatment of various metabolic syndrome-linked diseases. This review focuses also on some described health-promoting potential of mushroom biomass, all through immunomodulation. The role of intestinal microbiota is enhanced.

scholarly journals A global open-source database of flood-protection levees on river deltas (openDELvE)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey O'Dell ◽  
Jaap H. Nienhuis ◽  
Jana R. Cox ◽  
Douglas A. Edmonds ◽  
Paolo Scussolini
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
National Databases

Abstract. Flood-protection levees have been built along rivers and coastlines globally. Current datasets, however, are generally confined to territorial boundaries (national datasets) and are not always easily accessible, posing limitations for hydrologic models and assessments of flood hazard. Here we present our work to develop a single, open-source global river delta levee data environment (openDELvE) which aims to bridge a data deficiency by collecting and standardising global flood-protection levee data for river deltas. In openDELvE we have aggregated data from national databases as well as data stored in reports, maps, and satellite imagery. The database identifies the river delta land areas that the levees have been designed to protect, and where additional data is available, we record the extent and design specifications of the levees themselves (e.g., levee height, crest width, construction material) in a harmonised format. openDELvE currently contains 5,089 km of levees on deltas, and 44,733.505 km2 of leveed area in 1,601 polygons. For the 152 deltas included in openDELvE, on average 19 % of their habitable land area is confined by verifiable flood-protection levees. Globally, we estimate that between 5 % and 54 % of all delta land is confined by flood-protection levees. The data is aligned to the recent standards of Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reuse of scientific data (FAIR) and is open-source. openDELvE is made public on an interactive platform (www.opendelve.eu), which includes a community-driven revision tool to encourage inclusion of new levee data and continuous improvement and refinement of open-source levee data.

scholarly journals FAST REGISTRATION OF TERRESTRIAL LIDAR POINT CLOUD AND SEQUENCE IMAGES

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 875-879
Author(s):  
J. Shao ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
Y. Zhu ◽  
A. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Image Point ◽  
Color Information ◽  
Registration Accuracy ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Terrestrial Lidar ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Ground Based Lidar

Image has rich color information, and it can help to promote recognition and classification of point cloud. The registration is an important step in the application of image and point cloud. In order to give the rich texture and color information for LiDAR point cloud, the paper researched a fast registration method of point cloud and sequence images based on the ground-based LiDAR system. First, calculating transformation matrix of one of sequence images based on 2D image and LiDAR point cloud; second, using the relationships of position and attitude information among multi-angle sequence images to calculate all transformation matrixes in the horizontal direction; last, completing the registration of point cloud and sequence images based on the collinear condition of image point, projective center and LiDAR point. The experimental results show that the method is simple and fast, and the stitching error between adjacent images is litter; meanwhile, the overall registration accuracy is high, and the method can be used in engineering application.

scholarly journals II.—The Classification of the Rocks of the Western Australian Goldfields

1912 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
J. Allan Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Casual Reader ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Detailed Work ◽  
Western Australian

Thanks to the descriptions published by visiting mining engineers and the more detailed work of the Geological Survey of the State, the general geological features of those parts of Western Australia in which mining is carried on are now well known. A surprising degree of uniformity of geological structure and mode of gold occurrence is revealed over an extent of country unparalleled elsewhere in the world. And yet it is safe to assume that to the casual reader who has not visited the country the above publications present little else than a mass of bewildering detail.“For reasons which can be readily understood, geological inquiry in Western Australia has up to the present consisted chiefly of a series of unconnected observations to the co-ordination of which we must look to the future.”

The rich but confusing terminology of biological nomenclature: a first step towards a comprehensive glossary

Bionomina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Alain DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Basic Need ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Protect Study

Biology deals with billions of living organisms, which display a great diversity but also share many characters, being the result of an evolution. Designating these organisms in a universal and unambiguous way is a basic need for communication, not only among taxonomists or even biologists, but with society as a whole. It is indispensable to have a unique system for distinguishing and naming the organisms that may be used for alimentary, agronomical, veterinary or medical purposes or for any other human needs, that may be responsible for diseases, pollutions, biotic invasions, that we may wish to protect, study or admire, etc. For all these purposes, we need a scientific discipline, taxonomy, dealing not only with the classification of living organisms into millions of classificatory units, the taxa, but also with the designation and indexation of these taxa (nomenclature). Biological nomenclature has to care for the scientific naming of millions of taxa (species and higher taxa like genera or families), the inventory of which is still very far from being finished.

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