scholarly journals Short and Long-Run Causal Effects of CO2 Emissions, Energy Use, GDP and Population Growth: Evidence from India Using the ARDL and VECM Approaches

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8333
Author(s):  
Duraisamy Pachiyappan ◽  
Yasmeen Ansari ◽  
Md Shabbir Alam ◽  
Prabha Thoudam ◽  
Kuppusamy Alagirisamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Variance Decomposition ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
The Future

This paper investigates the nexus between CO2 emissions (CO2E), GDP, energy use (ENU), and population growth (PG) in India from 1980–2018 by comparing the “vector error correction” model (VECM) and “auto regressive distributed lag” (ARDL). We applied the unit root test, Johansen multi-variate cointegration, and performed a Variance decomposition analysis using the Cholesky approach. The VECM and ARDL-bound testing approaches to cointegration suggest a long-term equilibrium nexus between GDP, energy use, population growth and CO2E. The empirical outcomes show the existence of a long-term equilibrium nexus between the variables. The Granger causality results show that short-term bi-directional causality exists between GDP and ENU, while a uni-directional causality between CO2E and GDP, CO2E and ENU, CO2E and PG, and PG and ENU. Evidence from variance decomposition indicates that 58.4% of the future fluctuations in CO2E are due to changes in ENU, 2.8% of the future fluctuations are due to changes in GDP, and 0.43% of the future fluctuations are due to changes in PG. Finally, the ARDL test results indicate that a 1% increase in PG will lead to a 1.4% increase in CO2E. Our paper addresses some important policy implications.

scholarly journals Driving Forces of Energy-Related CO2 Emissions Based on Expanded IPAT Decomposition Analysis: Evidence from ASEAN and Four Selected Countries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaruwan Chontanawat
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

ASEAN is a dynamic and diverse region which has experienced rapid urbanization and population growth. Their energy demand grew by 60% in the last 15 years. In 2013, about 3.6% of global greenhouse-gas emissions was emitted from this region and the share is expected to rise substantially. Hence, a better understanding of driving forces of the changes in CO2 emissions is important to tackle global climate change and develop appropriate policies. Using IPAT combined with variance analysis, this study aims to identify the main driving factors of CO2 emissions for ASEAN and four selected countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand) during 1971–2013. The results show that population growth and economic growth were the main driving factors for increasing CO2 emissions for most of the countries. Fossil fuels play an important role in increasing CO2 emissions, however the growth in emissions was compensated by improved energy efficiency and carbon intensity of fossil energy. The results imply that to decouple energy use from high levels of emissions is important. Proper energy management through fuel substitution and decreasing emission intensity through technological upgrades have considerable potential to cut emissions.

scholarly journals The link between urbanization and air pollution in Turkey: Evidence from dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag simulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Aslan ◽  
BUKET ALTINOZ ◽  
BAKİ OZSOLAK
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Positive Shock ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between urbanization and air pollution in Turkey. Dynamic ARDL method was used for the period 1960–2014. According to the findings, there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between long-term urbanization and Co2. If urbanization increased by 1%, carbon emissions increased by 0.02%. There is a similar relationship between the shocks that will occur in population growth and Co2 emission in the long term. However, there is a negative and statistically insignificant relationship between the two variables. In the relationship between GDP and Co2, there is a positive relationship in the long term. GDP increase of 1% increases Co2 emissions by 0.11%. There is a similar relationship between long-term GDP shocks and Co2 emissions. According to short-term analysis results, energy consumption increases Co2 emissions by the same rate as GDP. However, the astonishing result of the study emerges here. Empirical results show that a long-term positive shock in energy consumption reduces CO2 emissions and a negative shock increases pollution. According to these results, Turkey has not reached the point of sustainable growth. For this reason, this developing country needs to make regulatory implementations and determine future policies for these impacts affecting air pollution.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “Long-term model-based projections of energy use and CO2 emissions from the global steel and cement industries” [Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 112 (2016) 15–36]

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
Bas J. van Ruijven ◽  
Detlef P. van Vuuren ◽  
Willem Boskaljon ◽  
Maarten Neelis ◽  
Deger Saygin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Term Model

scholarly journals Population effects of increase in world energy use and CO2 emissions: 1990–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aalok Chaurasia
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Global Level ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Population Effects

This paper analyses population effects of increase in world energy use and CO2 emissions between 1990–2019 following a decomposition framework with interaction effects. The analysis has also been carried out for the 44 countries which accounted for most of the increase in world energy use and CO2 emissions during 1990–2019. Population growth was found to have a significant effect on both the increase in energy use and CO2 emissions at the global level, although the contribution of population growth to these increases has varied widely across countries. There is a need for integrating population factors in the sustainable development processes, particularly efforts directed towards environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Effects of Climate Change on Maize Production in Mali

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Maïga ◽  
Moussa Bathily ◽  
Amadou Bamba ◽  
Issoufou Soumaïla Mouleye ◽  
Mamadi Sissako Nimaga
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Correction Term ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller

The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of climate change on maize production in Mali during the period 1990-2020. The unit root test (augmented Dickey-Fuller) was used to check the order of integration between the variables in the study. The ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) approach to cointegration limits is applied to assess the association between the study variables with evidence of a long-term relationship. The unit root test estimates confirm that all variables are stationary at the combination of I(0) and I(1). The results show that precipitation and temperature in June and July have a negative and highly significant effect on maize production in both the short and long term analyses. Among other determinants, the area of land devoted to maize crops and GDP per capita have a positive effect on production. The estimated coefficient on the error correction term is also highly also highly significant As Mali's population grows, in the coming decades the country will face food security challenges. Possible initiatives are needed to configure the Malian government to address the negative effects of climate change on agriculture and ensure adequate food for the growing population.

scholarly journals Long-Term Increases and Recent Slowdowns of CO2 Emissions in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6924
Author(s):  
Wankeun Oh ◽  
Jonghyun Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Index Decomposition ◽  
End Use

Korea is one of the fastest-growing CO2-emitting countries but has recently experienced a dramatic slowdown in emissions. The objective of the study is to examine the driving factors of long-term increases (1990–2015) and their slowdown (2012–2015) in emissions of Korea. This study uses an extended index decomposition analysis model that better fits Korea’s emission trends of the last 25 years by encompassing 19 energy end-use sectors (18 economic sectors and a household sector) and three energy types. The results show that emission increases in the long term (1990–2015) come from economic growth and population growth. However, improvements in energy intensity, carbon intensity, and economic structure offset large portions of CO2 emissions. The recent slowdown (2012–2015) mainly resulted from a decline in energy intensity and carbon intensity in the economic sectors. Among the different energy types, electricity has played a significant role in decreasing emissions because industries have reduced the consumption of electricity per output and the source of electricity generation has shifted to cleaner energies. These results imply that the Korean government should support strategies that reduce energy intensity and carbon intensity in the future to reduce CO2 emissions and maintain sustainable development.

scholarly journals The Impact of Renewable Energy, Economic and Population Growth on CO2 Emissions in the East African Region: Evidence from Common Correlated Effect Means Group and Asymmetric Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Namahoro ◽  
Qiaosheng Wu ◽  
Haijun Xiao ◽  
Na Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
East African ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the asymmetric nexus between CO2 emissions and renewable energy and economic and population growth in seven East African countries (EACs) at the regional level and country levels. Common correlated effect means group (CCEMG), nonlinear autoregressive distributed lagged (NARDL), and causality tests were employed for the panel data from 1980 to 2016. The main findings are as follows: (1) Renewable energy consumption negatively affects CO2 emissions, while economic and population growth positively affect CO2 emissions at the regional level. (2) The findings of asymmetric and symmetric linkages between CO2 emissions and its determinants (economic and population growth and renewable energy) are very volatile across the country levels. (3) The causality hypotheses are different across the country and regional levels. (4) This study shows the renewable energy growth nexus, wherein renewable energy positively affects economic growth at the regional level. Lastly, the study suggests potential policy implications for effectively reducing CO2 emissions as well as growing the economy at the regional level.

scholarly journals Long-Run Relationship Between Economic Development and International Tourism in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-344
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Khan ◽  
Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary ◽  
Khalid Latif ◽  
Naveed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stock Market Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run

This article examines the link between economic development and international tourism in the context of Pakistan. The study uses Autoregressive Distributed Lag tests (ARDL) for the long-term relationship; the short-term relationship is examined with Error Correction model, and the VECM-Granger causality to determine the direction of the causal flow. The study uses annual data from the CEIC and World Bank databases for the period 1990-2017. The novelty stems from the perspective that there is no formal evidence on long-run dynamics between economic development indicators and international tourism from Pakistan. It contributes to the existing literature on this vital phenomenon. The empirical results document the long-term and short-term association between the variables. We also find a two-way causal flow between economic development and tourism. In addition, it offers policy implications for focusing on three economic dimensions, e.g. economic development, financial development, and stock market development, which subsequently attracts international tourism. Intuitively, promulgates National culture and image across borders and strengthens the National Treasury as well.

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