scholarly journals Numerical Studies of the Dynamics of the Roadheader Equipped with an Automatic Control System during Cutting of Rocks with Different Mechanical Properties

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7353
Author(s):  
Piotr Cheluszka
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Drilling Performance ◽  
Layered Rock Mass ◽  
Manual Mode

The process of cutting rocks with a boom-type roadheader results in extreme dynamic loads and vibrations. Mining, especially in the case of hard rocks, is associated with large energy consumption, which, when combined with low process efficiency, can lead to low drilling performance. These phenomena are undesirable because excessive dynamic load leads to low machine durability, as well as deterioration of work conditions and safety. Low mining efficiency affects the economics of mining works conducted using roadheaders. However, these adverse effects can be minimized by optimizing the cutting process, thanks to the automatic control of the roadheader. The present article discusses the concept of automatic control of a boom-type roadheader’s cutting heads movement. Based on previously conducted computer investigations, it was assumed that reducing the energy consumption of the cutting process and improving the dynamic state of the roadheader (objective functions) are possible only by controlling three of the four parameters characterizing the cutting process: angular speed of the cutting heads, boom swinging speed, and cut height. The web of cut and workability of the rock can be treated as variables of a stochastic nature. This paper presents selected results of computer tests during simulated cutting of rocks with different uniaxial compressive strengths (UCS) in automatic and manual mode. In addition, the tests studied the behavior of the roadheader during the cutting of rocks with variable workability, which is typical of drilling excavations in a layered rock mass. The results of simulated cutting in automatic and manual mode were compared to assess the effectiveness of the adopted automatic control strategy. It was found that the algorithm developed for automatic control of the cutting heads’ movement allows reducing the consumption of cutting energy by up to half compared to the consumption during cutting in manual mode. Furthermore, it was found to improve the dynamic state of the machine.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Cutting Process Parameters to Ensure High Efficiency of Drilling Tunnels and Use the Technical Potential of the Boom-Type Roadheader

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6597
Author(s):  
Piotr Cheluszka
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Rock Cutting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Underground Mines

This paper deals with the automation of the rock cutting process with roadheaders used widely in civil engineering for drilling roadways in underground mines and tunnels. Although there has been intensive technical development, roadheaders are still manually controlled. Manual control does not allow optimizing the values of the cutting process parameters, which often results in low mining efficiency, especially in the case of hard rocks, as well as high energy consumption and significant dynamic overloading of the roadheader. As part of theoretical and experimental research, an automatic control system was designed for the boom-type roadheader and an algorithm was developed for the optimal control of the cutting process parameters. Control criteria have been formulated, based on which the current values of the cutting process parameters are worked out using the information on the dynamic load state of the roadheader. The paper presents selected results of numerical tests conducted on roadheader dynamics, which simulated the automatic control system operation of the heading face cutting process of drilled roadway or tunnel. These tests were intended to analyze the behavior of the investigated object during simulated rock cutting in automatic mode. The results confirmed the possibility of a significant reduction in mining energy consumption.

scholarly journals The Integrated Energy Consumption Index for Energy Biomass Grinding Technology Assessment

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weronika Kruszelnicka ◽  
Robert Kasner ◽  
Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos ◽  
Józef Flizikowski ◽  
Andrzej Tomporowski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Current Energy

The assessment of engineering objects in terms of energy consumption is an important part of sustainable development. Many materials, including those from the energy sector, need to undergo earlier processing, e.g., grinding. Grinding processes still demand a significant amount of energy, whereas current energy assessment methods do not take into account important parameters of the process, which makes it difficult to choose their optimal values. The study presents the analysis, testing, and assessment of mechanical engineering systems in terms of the energy consumption involved in the grinding of biomass intended for energy production purposes. A testing methodology was developed to improve the parameters of multi-disc grinding, including the reduction of energy consumption, power input, product quality improvement, and process efficiency. An original model of integrated energy consumption was developed. Tests were carried out on a five-disc grinder for five programs to assess the programmable angular speeds of the grinder discs. Output values, including specific energy demand, fragmentation degree, and integrated energy consumption, were assigned to each testing program. The test results were subjected to statistical analysis. Based on the authors’ own research, it was found that the angular speed of the discs and, consequently, the linear speed of the grinding blades, have a significant influence on the values of the integrated energy consumption of the preliminary process.

A review on acoustic methods of algal growth control by ultrasonication through existing and novel emerging technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditi Mullick ◽  
Sudarsan Neogi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Water ◽  
Algal Toxins ◽  
Algae Growth

AbstractThe uncontrolled proliferation of algae and algal blooms due to excessive nutrient loading in natural and industrial water bodies is a major issue for water quality maintenance. It reduces usability of the water, imposes hazardous effects of algal toxins released from algal blooms, and creates nuisance in the operation of several industrial water units. Among several existing water treatment methods to diminish the post-algae growth effects, ultrasonication has emerged as an environmentally safe technology that does not involve any use of algaecide. The interaction of several parameters, including climatic and environmental conditions with algae growth rate, have been reviewed in this article. The effects of different acoustic operating conditions for inhibition of algae growth have also been discussed. Concern about high energy consumption led other technologies to be integrated with ultrasonication. It has enhanced the process efficiency and reduced the energy consumption as reported in some long-term field investigations and patent proposals. Several issues that require further research for making this technology widely applicable or to install an effective system design have been highlighted in this article.

Role of energy consumption, cutting tool and workpiece materials towards environmentally conscious machining: A comprehensive review

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Pervaiz ◽  
Sathish Kannan ◽  
Ibrahim Deiab ◽  
Hossam Kishawy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cutting Operation

Metal-cutting process deals with the removal of material using the shearing operation with the help of hard cutting tools. Machining operations are famous in the manufacturing sector due to their capability to manufacture tight tolerances and high dimensional accuracy while simultaneously maintaining the cost-effectiveness for higher production levels. As metal-cutting processes consume a great amount of input resources and generate some material-based waste streams, these processes are highly criticized due to their high and negative environmental impacts. Researchers in the metal-cutting sector are currently exploring and benchmarking different activities and best practices to make the cutting operation environment friendly in nature. These eco-friendly practices mainly cover the wide range of activities directly or indirectly associated with the metal-cutting operation. Most of the literature for sustainable metal-cutting activities revolves around the sustainable lubrication techniques to minimize the negative influence of cutting fluids on the environment. However, there is a need to enlarge the assessment domain for the metal-cutting process and other directly and indirectly associated practices such as enhancing sustainability through innovative methods for workpiece and cutting tool materials, and approaches to optimize energy consumption should also be explored. The aim of this article is to explore the role of energy consumption and the influence of workpiece and tool materials towards the sustainability of machining process. The article concludes that sustainability of the machining process can be improved by incorporating different innovative approaches related to the energy and tool–workpiece material consumptions.

Fabrication of asymmetrical diffusion dialysis membranes for rapid acid recovery with high purity

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (47) ◽  
pp. 24000-24007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaocheng Lin ◽  
Ezzatollah Shamsaei ◽  
Biao Kong ◽  
Jefferson Zhe Liu ◽  
Tongwen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Acid Recovery ◽  
Dialysis Membranes ◽  
Diffusion Dialysis

Anion exchange membranes with fast acid permeation and high retention of salts have been fabricated to increase the process efficiency of acid recovery from various industrial processes via diffusion dialysis, thereby greatly reducing their energy consumption and environmental impact.

Automatic Control System of Stone Sawing Machine Based on PLC and Human-Computer Interface

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 1417-1422
Author(s):  
Jin Lan Zhang ◽  
Qian Lv
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Frequency Converter ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
Stone Cutting

This paper designs a PLC automatic control system in stone cutting. The author elaborated the stone cutting process, the system hardware/software design and the human-machine interface design process. This system is the collection of PLC, sensing detection, frequency converter, configuration control technology and advanced stone cutting process in an organic whole. The author designed optional automatic/manual function and parameters setting screen. The author added limit current protection and position protection, and designed function of automatic detecting cooling water shortage to protect the saw blade from damage. Also the designed equipment can automatic light and bell for alarm. Operation results show that, this system can meet the designed requirement, and can remarkably improve the quality of stone processing. This designed control system has high machining accuracy, high intelligence, full automation, perfect protection, friendly man-machine interface and simple operation.

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