scholarly journals A Novel Air-Cooled Thermal Management Approach towards High-Power Lithium-Ion Capacitor Module for Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7150
Author(s):  
Danial Karimi ◽  
Hamidreza Behi ◽  
Mohsen Akbarzadeh ◽  
Joeri Van Mierlo ◽  
Maitane Berecibar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor ◽  
In Series ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Gap Spacing ◽  
The Impact

This work presents an active thermal management system (TMS) for building a safer module of lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology, in which 10 LiCs are connected in series. The proposed TMS is a forced air-cooled TMS (ACTMS) that uses four axial DC 12 V fans: two fans are responsible for blowing the air from the environment into the container while two other fans suck the air from the container to the environment. An experimental investigation is conducted to study the thermal behavior of the module, and numerical simulations are carried out to be validated against the experiments. The main aim of the model development is the optimization of the proposed design. Therefore, the ACTMS has been optimized by investigating the impact of inlet air velocity, inlet and outlet positions, module rotation by 90° towards the airflow direction, gap spacing between neighboring cells, and uneven gap spacing between neighboring cells. The 3D thermal model is accurate, so the validation error between the simulation and experimental results is less than 1%. It is proven that the ACTMS is an excellent solution to keep the temperature of the LiC module in the desired range by air inlet velocity of 3 m/s when all the fans are blowing the air from both sides, the outlet is designed on top of the module, the module is rotated, and uneven gap space between neighboring cells is set to 2 mm for the first distance between the cells (d1) and 3 mm for the second distance (d2).

scholarly journals Lithium-Ion Capacitor Lifetime Extension through an Optimal Thermal Management System for Smart Grid Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2907
Author(s):  
Danial Karimi ◽  
Sahar Khaleghi ◽  
Hamidreza Behi ◽  
Hamidreza Beheshti ◽  
Md Sazzad Hosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Capacity Degradation ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor ◽  
Grid Applications ◽  
Lifetime Extension

A lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) is one of the most promising technologies for grid applications, which combines the energy storage mechanism of an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and a lithium-ion battery (LiB). This article presents an optimal thermal management system (TMS) to extend the end of life (EoL) of LiC technology considering different active and passive cooling methods. The impact of different operating conditions and stress factors such as high temperature on the LiC capacity degradation is investigated. Later, optimal passive TMS employing a heat pipe cooling system (HPCS) is developed to control the LiC cell temperature. Finally, the effect of the proposed TMS on the lifetime extension of the LiC is explained. Moreover, this trend is compared to the active cooling system using liquid-cooled TMS (LCTMS). The results demonstrate that the LiC cell temperature can be controlled by employing a proper TMS during the cycle aging test under 150 A current rate. The cell’s top surface temperature is reduced by 11.7% using the HPCS. Moreover, by controlling the temperature of the cell at around 32.5 and 48.8 °C, the lifetime of the LiC would be extended by 51.7% and 16.5%, respectively, compared to the cycling of the LiC under natural convection (NC). In addition, the capacity degradation for the NC, HPCS, and LCTMS case studies are 90.4%, 92.5%, and 94.2%, respectively.

Computational Study of Edge Cooling for Open-Cathode Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Stacks

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Pulung Sasmito ◽  
Tariq Shamim ◽  
Erik Birgersson ◽  
Arun Sadashiv Mujumdar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
The Impact

In open-cathode polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) stacks, a significant temperature rise can exist due to insufficient cooling, especially at higher current densities. To improve stack thermal management whilst reducing the cost for cooling, we propose a forced air-convection open-cathode fuel cell stack with edge cooling (fins). The impact of the edge cooling is studied via mathematical model of the three-dimensional two-phase flow and associated conservation equations of mass, momentum, species, energy and charge. The model includes stack, ambient, fan and fins used for cooling. The model results predict better thermal management and stack performance for the proposed design as compared to the conventional open-cathode stack design, which shows potential for practical application. Several key design parameters — fin material and fin geometry — are also investigated with regards to the stack performance and thermal management.

Study on effect of diverse air inlet arrangement on thermal management of cylindrical lithium‐ion cells

Heat Transfer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 4626-4656
Author(s):  
Abhinav Sharma ◽  
Yashodhan Patil ◽  
Ravi Krishnaiah ◽  
B. Ashok ◽  
Akhil Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Lithium Ion Cells

Lithium-Ion Capacitor: Analysis of Thermal Behavior and Development of Three-Dimensional Thermal Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Berckmans ◽  
Jan Ronsmans ◽  
Joris Jaguemont ◽  
Ahmadou Samba ◽  
Noshin Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors

The large push for more environmental energy storage solutions for the automotive industry by different actors has led to the usage of lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) combining the features of both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and electric-double layer capacitors (EDLCs). In this paper, the thermal behavior of two types of advanced LICs has been thoroughly studied and analyzed by developing a three-dimensional (3D) thermal model in COMSOL Multiphysics®. Such an extensive and accurate thermal 3D has not been fully addressed in literature, which is a key building block for designing battery packs with an adequate thermal management. After an extensive measurement campaign, the high accuracy of the developed model in this paper is proven for two types of LICs, the 3300 F and the 2300 F. An error between the simulation and measurements is maximum 2 °C. This 3D model has been developed to gain insight in the thermal behavior of LICs, which is necessary to develop a thermal management system, which can ensure the safe operation of LICs when used in modules or packs.

Lithium-Ion Capacitor - Optimization of Thermal Management from Cell to Module Level

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Berckmans ◽  
Joris Jaguemont ◽  
Mahdi Soltani ◽  
Ahmadou Samba ◽  
Maxime Boninsegna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Lithium Ion Capacitor

Application of the MSMD Framework in the Simulation of Battery Packs

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genong Li ◽  
Shaoping Li ◽  
Jing Cao
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
In Series ◽  
Cell Simulation

Lithium-ion battery has been widely used in electric vehicles (EVs). Battery’s performance, life and safety are of great engineering importance. Using simulation tools, battery’s electric performance and thermal behavior can be computed to provide useful information in the design of a battery pack and its thermal management system. The muti-scale muti-dimensional (MSMD) methodology has been proven to be very effective in the simulation of battery at the battery’s geometry dimension scale. The method has been demonstrated in the literature for a single battery cell simulation. However, in the EV applications, battery packs where individual battery is connected in series and/or parallel are often used to provide the required power input during a real driving cycle. In this paper the MSMD methodology is extended to the battery pack simulation.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Direct Battery Thermal Management for EVs Operating in Low-Temperature Climates

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5980 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jeffs ◽  
Truong Quang Dinh ◽  
Widanalage Dhammika Widanage ◽  
Andrew McGordon ◽  
Alessandro Picarelli
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Battery Thermal Management ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
The Impact

Electric vehicles (EVs) experience a range reduction at low temperatures caused by the impact of cabin heating and a reduction in lithium ion performance. Heat pump equipped vehicles have been shown to reduce heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) consumption and improve low ambient temperature range. Heating the electric battery, to improve its low temperature performance, leads to a reduction in heat availability for the cabin. In this paper, dynamic programming is used to find the optimal battery heating trajectory which can optimise the vehicle’s control for either cabin comfort or battery performance and, therefore, range. Using the strategy proposed in this research, a 6.2% increase in range compared to no battery heating and 5.5% increase in thermal comfort compared to full battery heating was achieved at an ambient temperature at −7 °C.

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