scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Sustainable Transport Development as a Support Tool for Transport System Management: Spatial Approach

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6149
Author(s):  
Artur Czech ◽  
Katarzyna Gralak ◽  
Marzena Kacprzak ◽  
Agnieszka Król
Keyword(s):  
Research Process ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Data Statistics ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diagnostic Variables

The main aim of this paper is to assess sustainable transport development, particularly in Polish voivodeships, as well as to identify underdeveloped geographical areas. In order to deal with this research topic, both classical and multivariate order statistical measures were implemented into the research process. The source of information for the research was the data drawn from BDL (Bank of Local Data) Statistics Poland. The rankings of Polish voivodeships were obtained for sustainable transport development and its individual components in the form of three orders: environmental, social and economic. This allowed us to identify underdeveloped regions in the area of transport sustainability and its particular aspects. It should be noted that we applied both the original set of diagnostic variables and their classification into particular orders. However, the choice of variables was mostly conditioned by the availability of data. Furthermore, this was the first time that the taxonomic methods applied here, featuring the implementation of the multidimensional Weber median, have been used to assess aspects of transport sustainability. This kind of synthetic method design allowed us to consider the interactions between different areas of a sophisticated transportation system and made our analysis immune to skewing by diagnostic variables.

Research Methods for Accounting and Finance

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
First Time

An essential text for accounting and finance students undertaking research for the first time. It demystifies the research process by providing the novice researcher with a must-have guide through all of the stages of the research process, from identifying a research topic to the finished project.

scholarly journals An Attitude of Subcarpathian’s Residents to Sustainable Solutions for Urban Transport

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Zimon
Keyword(s):  
Population Change ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
City Logistics ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Change Of Consciousness ◽  
Two Stages

Sustainable development is a concept that appears more frequently in the context of urbanized cities. Rational management of city logistics and urban population change of consciousness becomes a priority. The purpose of this publication is to emphasize the need for changes in city logistics, to characterize the concept of sustainable transport and to present the results of research on: the views of residents of Podkarpacie on choosing alternatives to the car, and urban transport concept. The research process was conducted in two stages. The first stage of the research was conducted in 2014 within its scope included the study compared the inhabitants of Podkarpacie to sustainable forms of transport. The second stage of the study carried out in 2015 was designed to examine whether the implementation of Intelligent Public Transport Management System, has changed the ratio of respondents to sustainable transport.

Automated design process for hybrid regression modeling with a one-class SVM

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 843-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Böhland ◽  
Wolfgang Doneit ◽  
Lutz Gröll ◽  
Ralf Mikut ◽  
Markus Reischl
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Automated Design ◽  
Model Complexity ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Data Coverage ◽  
First Time

Abstract The accuracy of many regression models suffers from inhomogeneous data coverage. Models loose accuracy because they are unable to locally adapt the model complexity. This article develops and evaluates an automated design process for the generation of hybrid regression models from arbitrary submodels. For the first time, these submodels are weighted by a One-Class Support Vector Machine, taking local data coverage into account. Compared to reference regression models, the newly developed hybrid models achieve significant better results in nine out of ten benchmark datasets. To enable straightforward usage in data science, an implementation is integrated in the open source MATLAB toolbox SciXMiner.

Assisting global rainwater harvesting practitioners: a decision support tool for tank sizing method selection under uncertainty

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vargas ◽  
I. Dominguez ◽  
S. Ward ◽  
E. R. Oviedo-Ocaña
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
First Time

For the first time, a decision support tool has been produced that assists global rainwater harvesting practitioners in selecting an appropriate tank sizing method.

scholarly journals Wyposażenie obszarów wiejskich w systemy odprowadzania ścieków na przykładzie gmin powiatu olsztyńskiego

2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Mirosława Witkowska-Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Local Approach ◽  
Septic Tanks ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
The Town

The purpose of the study was to evaluate, in a local approach, the state of supply of rural areas in a rural district with household wastewater management systems, with the focus on home wastewater treatment plants. The study covered the rural areas of the district of Olsztyn. The data, which were acquired from the Bank of Local Data, were processed through basic mathematical transformations and statistical measures. The structure and intensity indices were calculated per 1,000 residents. Large differences were found in the access to linear infrastructure and to individual systems of wastewater discharge. The results showed a constant increase in the number of home wastewater treatment plants and septic tanks due to the constant influx of people to villages lying around the town of Olsztyn. In contrast to studies conducted on a regional scale, no decrease in the number of septic tanks was observed correlated with the growing number of home wastewater treatment plants. A possible reason can be the specific environmental conditions and protection of inland waters, which limit possible locations of home wastewater treatment plants.

scholarly journals Registered Reports: Past, Present and Future

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D Chambers ◽  
Loukia Tzavella
Keyword(s):  
Journal Article ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Universal Solution ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
First Time

Registered Reports are a form of empirical journal article in which study proposals are peer reviewed and pre-accepted before research is undertaken. By deciding which articles are published based on the question, theory, and proposed methods, Registered Reports offer a powerful remedy for a range of reporting and publication biases. Here we reflect on the history, progress and future prospects of the Registered Reports initiative, and also offer practical guidance for authors, reviewers, and editors encountering the format for the first time. While the key ingredients of pre-study review and results-blind acceptance are far from novel – and are already adopted independently in a variety of contexts – Registered Reports are the first mechanism to combine them into a mainstream policy that has won appeal with multiple stakeholders in the research process. We review early evidence that Registered Reports are working as intended, while at the same acknowledging that they are not a universal solution for irreproducibility. We also consider how the policies and practices surrounding Registered Reports are changing, or must change in future, to address limitations and adapt to new challenges. In spite of these caveats, we conclude that Registered Reports are promoting reproducibility, transparency and self-correction across a wide range of disciplines, and may help reshape how society evaluates research and researchers.

scholarly journals Designing an evidence-based Bayesian network for estimating the risk versus benefits of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J Mayfield ◽  
Colleen L Lau ◽  
Jane E Sinclair ◽  
Samuel J Brown ◽  
Andrew Baird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Using Data

Uncertainty surrounding the risk of developing and dying from Thrombosis and Thromobocytopenia Syndrome (TTS) associated with the AstraZeneca (AZ) COVID-19 vaccine may contribute to vaccine hesitancy. A model is urgently needed to combine and effectively communicate the existing evidence on the risks versus benefits of the AZ vaccine. We developed a Bayesian network to consolidate the existing evidence on risks and benefits of the AZ vaccine, and parameterised the model using data from a range of empirical studies, government reports, and expert advisory groups. Expert judgement was used to interpret the available evidence and determine the structure of the model, relevant variables, data to be included, and how these data were used to inform the model. The model can be used as a decision support tool to generate scenarios based on age, sex, virus variant and community transmission rates, making it a useful for individuals, clinicians, and researchers to assess the chances of different health outcomes. Model outputs include the risk of dying from TTS following the AZ COVID-19 vaccine, the risk of dying from COVID-19 or COVID-19-associated atypical severe blood clots under different scenarios. Although the model is focused on Australia, it can be easily adaptable to international settings by re-parameterising it with local data. This paper provides detailed description of the model-building methodology, which can used to expand the scope of the model to include other COVID-19 vaccines, booster doses, comorbidities and other health outcomes (e.g., long COVID) to ensure the model remains relevant in the face of constantly changing discussion on risks versus benefits of COVID-19 vaccination.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF A HIGHLY DEFECTIVE FROG CORE OF GRADE 1/9

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavels GAVRILOVS ◽  
Viktors IVANOVS
Keyword(s):  
Rail Steel ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
First Time

For the first time at the Riga Technical University a study was carried out of a highly defective frog core of grade 1/9. In the course of the research an analysis of crossing piece defects on the Latvian railway was carried out in eight railway sections during years of 2015, 2016, 2017. The defect of the frog core of grade 1/9 (the 60 E1 DO 07 12 frog type) was considered according to the basic classification of the defects, and the analysis and research of the cause of its fracture were conducted from the bolt hole to the web and the base of the frog core. The research process consisted of four stages:  Stage 1: determination of metal hardness according to the Brinell scale with a modern device “Tinius O Olsen” Firmware Version 1.07, FH - 31 Series. The obtained results should be compared with the data of the manufacturer's factory – Dowlais Steel.  Stage 2: determination of the chemical composition of the rail steel of the frog core 1/9 (in the rail top, rail web, and rail base) using the ARC-MET 8000 Mobile Lab Optical Emission Spectometer Analyser. The obtained data should be compared with the manufacturer's data.  Stage 3: determination of the rail steel structure. Drawing of main conclusions about the quality of the rail steel of the frog core of grade 1/9.  Stage 4: drawing of main conclusions and summary of the cause and development of the fracture from the bolt hole of the frog core of grade 1/9.

scholarly journals Quantitative assessment of urban transport development – a spatial approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Czech ◽  
Anna Biezdudnaja ◽  
Jerzy Lewczuk ◽  
Władimir Razumowskij
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Transportation Development ◽  
The Right ◽  
Investment Process

Abstract Urban transport is considered the basis of properly functioning cities and their development. The main aim of the paper is to attempt the assessment of urban transport development in selected voivodeships (provinces) as a crucial factor of macro logistics. The research also aimed to identify the underdeveloped areas of urban transport in Poland as the basis for the implementation of support policy. The source of information in the investigation process was data drawn from the Central Statistical Office in Poland for 2013–2016. In the scope of dealing with the research problem, chosen classical and order multivariate statistical measures were implemented into the research process. Next, the taxonomic measures for the years of interest served as the basis for the construction of the total (general) synthetic measure applicable to the entire period. The main results and findings of the research indicate that the level of urban transport development is correlated with the whole transportation system which affects the socio-economic development of some regions of Poland. The research can lead to a better understanding of Polish urban transportation development in selected regions. Hence, the results can be helpful in the investment process and for shaping the right transportation policy to improve the use of financial resources.

Recent Advances in Bioinformatics in the Medical Research Environment and Applications to the Study of Skin Diseases

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
A. Jamie Cuticchia
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Research Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Desktop Computers ◽  
Academic Health Science Centre ◽  
Clinician Scientist ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
First Time

Background: The computer has become increasingly intertwined in society for the past 30 years. Within the academic health science centre, there is an increasing need for researchers to become skilled at using the Internet as a mechanism for the retrieval of scientific results and the underlying data. The discipline of bioinformatics, which uses computer technology to provide answers to biological questions, has been expanding in scope and utility for the past decade. Increasing numbers of research groups have been investing in bioinformatics infrastructure to aid in the research process. These continuing investments have led to the establishment for the first time of a supercomputing facility within a hospital. Such computational power is being used for the mapping of genes and the study of human disease. Objective: A discussion of the increasing role of computational biology in the research environment of the clinician scientist is presented here. Conclusions: Though the investment in a supercomputer may not be possible in most research settings, several less expensive alternatives relying on existing desktop computers can provide supercomputer-like performance within nearly any environment.

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