scholarly journals Q-Learning Neural Controller for Steam Generator Station in Micro Cogeneration Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5334
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Lalik ◽  
Mateusz Kozek ◽  
Szymon Podlasek ◽  
Rafał Figaj ◽  
Paweł Gut
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Steam Generator ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of the optimization of steam generator control systems powered by mixtures of liquid fuels containing biofuels. The numerical model was based on the results of experimental research of steam generator operation in an open system. The numerical model is used to build control algorithms that improve performance, increase efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and increase safety in the full range of operation of the steam generator and the cogeneration system of which it is a component. In this research, the following parameters were monitored: temperature and pressure of the circulating medium, exhaust gas temperature, oxygen content in exhaust gas, percentage control of oil burner power. Two methods of controlling the steam generator were proposed: the classic one, using the PID regulator, and the advanced one, using artificial neural networks. The work shows how the model is adapted to the real system and the impact of the control algorithms on the efficiency of the combustion process. The example is considered for the implementation of advanced control systems in micro-, small- and medium-power cogeneration and trigeneration systems in order to improve their final efficiency and increase the profitability of implementation.

scholarly journals Development of Ceramic Turbocharger Rotors for High Temperature Use

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kawase ◽  
Tadaaki Matsuhisa ◽  
Kiminari Kato ◽  
Takeyuki Mizuno
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Foreign Object Damage ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
The Impact

A ceramic turbocharger rotor (CTR) for high temperature use has been developed. The features of this rotor are the use of silicon nitride which maintains high mechanical strength up to 1,200 °C and a new joining technique between the ceramic rotor and its metal shaft. The CTR is expected to cope with stoichiometrical mixture burning engines which produce a higher exhaust gas temperature for fuel economy, and the impact resistance of the rotor against foreign object damage (FOD) has been markedly increased, over that of earlier rotors, resulting in higher reliability. This paper describes the development of ceramic turbocharger rotors for high temperature use focusing on the mechanical strength of silicon nitride and the joining of the ceramic rotor and its metal shaft.

The Partition Period of Thermodynamic Calculation and the Numerical Simulation for Lignite Blended Supercritical Boiler

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 648-652
Author(s):  
Cai Ying Ban ◽  
Xu Ao Lu ◽  
Jian Meng Yang ◽  
Xu Ran ◽  
Feng Ying Liang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Thermodynamic Calculation ◽  
Heat Load ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Heating Surface ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Boiler Furnace ◽  
Geometry Model ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of furnace temperature and load after blending in lignite, based on CFD software FLUENT-6.3,this paper choose the appropriate geometry model and the physical and mathematical models, and numerical simulation of the different conditions 600MW supercritical once-through boiler blending lignite furnace combustion process is curried out. And through a 600MW supercritical coal-fired boiler furnace lignite blended performed sections thermodynamic calculation under different conditions, worked out the furnace flue gas temperature, CO, CO2concentration distribute trend and radiant heat each section surface heat load conditions. The specific amount were blended with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% were not dried lignite and dried lignite 20% after five conditions. And obtained a conclusion is the temperature and radiation heating surface flue gas heat load in the overall trend under the various conditions.

scholarly journals Gas Combustion Efficiency Enhancement: Application Study of Intense Elestrostatic Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
O. Krickis ◽  
N. Zeltins
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Field ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A number of international, European Union and Latvian legislative acts have been developed, which regulate the efficiency of gas combustion plants and greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. These legislative acts require the development of new scientifically efficient methods for gas optimal combustion with a minor impact on the environment. In order to achieve such a goal, different methods can be used, but the most efficient is an intensive electrostatic field application to control combustion and harmful emission formation in premixed flames. In the framework of the current study, the authors developed a hybrid burner, which allowed generating an intensive electrostatic field with intensity of more than 1000 kV/m. The study also investigated the impact of such a field on the formation of harmful emissions, including CO2 and flue gas temperature. The empirical results showed that an intensive DC electrostatic field generated inside of the burner had an impact on the flame shape, CO2, NOx emissions and flue gas temperature. In its turn, by applying an intensive pulsating electrostatic field (multivariable experiment) it was possible to achieve the reduction in NOx, CO emissions with a simultaneous increase in flue gas temperature, which was related to combustion process efficiency enhancement.

scholarly journals An analysis of EGR impact on combustion process in the SI test engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Wojciech TUTAK
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
No Emission ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Test Engine ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
The Impact

The results of modelling of thermal cycle of spark ignition internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation are presented. Results of the impact of EGR on the ignition delay and the combustion duration are presented. The optimization of thermal cycle was carried out in terms of ignition advance angle in order to obtain the possible highest value of efficiency and the least NO emission. The results indicated a significant impact of EGR on the ignition delay and combustion duration.

scholarly journals Evaluation of electricity generation subsystem of Power-to-Gas-to-Power unit using gas expander and heat recovery steam generator

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Daria Katla ◽  
Łukasz Bartela ◽  
Anna Skorek-Osikowska
Keyword(s):  
Steam Generator ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Recovery Steam Generator ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Power To Gas ◽  
The Impact

In the last years, the European energy policy has required to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the national energy systems. It is important to diversify the energy system not to bring about a global crisis resulting from the fundamental lack of electricity. Unfortunately renewable sources are unstable and generate several problems during integration with the power grid. The solution is to store additional energy produced from renewable sources. In this way, energy can be used when there is a need. The paper discusses the study of the Power-to-Gas-to-Power installation using electrolysis and methanation processes at the energy storage stage and gas expanders during energy discharges. In addition, a part of the Heat Recovery Steam Generation installation has been implemented. The purpose of the work was to determine the impact of a given Heat Recovery Steam Generation installation on the efficiency of the entire installation and flue gas temperature at the outlet from Heat Recovery Steam Generator.

Impact of Oxygenated Additives on Performance Characteristics of Methyl Ester in IC Engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 724-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yuvarajan ◽  
K. Pradeep ◽  
S. Magesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Oxygenated Additives ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
The Impact

In this present work, the impact of blending n-butyl alcohol, a next generation biofuel with jatropha biodiesel on the performance of a diesel engine are examined. Tests were performed on a constant speed compression ignition engine using n-butyl alcohol / jatropha biodiesel blends. N-butyl alcohol was added to jatropha biodiesel by 10, 20 and 30% by volume. Performance parameters namely break thermal efficiency (BTE), Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) were analyzed in this work. It was experimentally found that by adding n-butyl alcohol to neat jatropha biodiesel, significant reduction in viscosity was observed. In addition, break thermal efficiency was increased by 0.8 % due to improved atomization of the blends. Further, brake specific fuel and exhaust gas temperature was further reduced due to lower viscosity and improved combustion rate with addition of n-butyl alcohol to jatropha biodiesel.

scholarly journals The CFD analysis of influence the start of fuel injection (SOI) on combustion parameters and exhaust gas composition of the marine 4-stroke engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Jerzy KOWALSKI
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Injection Angle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stroke Engine

The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the impact of injection timing on the parameters of the combustion process and the com-position of exhaust gas from a 4-stroke engine designed to shipbuilding. The analysis was carried out based on a three-dimensional multi-zone model of the combustion process. This model has been prepared on the basis of properties of the research facility. The input data to the model were obtained through laboratory tests. Results of calculations showed that the change of the start of injection angle (SOI) from the value of 14 degrees before TDC to 22 degrees before TDC results in changes in the combustion rate and thus an increase in the temperature of the combustion process as well as the increase of nitric oxides fraction in the exhaust gas. Simultaneously the maximum combustion pressure increases also.

Calculating the Speed of Sound in an Engine Exhaust Stream

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin D. Keske ◽  
Jason R. Blough
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Exhaust Stream

The actual speed of sound in the exhaust medium of an engine plays an extensive role in the noise attenuation characteristics of the engine’s muffler system. For 2-stroke engine applications, the speed of sound in the exhaust gas also greatly affects how the expansion chamber is tuned to maintain maximum power output. The combustion process in an engine creates exhaust gases that differ from the composition of atmospheric air. This difference in chemical composition and humidity content yield a different density and ratio of specific heats. These ultimately yield different sound speeds in the exhaust gases compared to atmospheric air. This paper performs a full chemical analysis of the combustion process in an internal combustion gasoline engine to yield the chemical composition of the of the exhaust gases. An algorithm is written to calculate the speed of sound in the exhaust stream. The inputs of the algorithm include measurements of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity of the ambient intake air, specification of the gasoline/ethanol fuel blend, and a direct measurement of the exhaust gas temperature. Comparisons are made between sound speed approximation calculations based on air to calculations obtained by the algorithm.

scholarly journals Signal filtering method of the fast-varying diesel exhaust gas temperature

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Patrycja PUZDROWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Filtering Method ◽  
Significant Parameter ◽  
Mathematical Processing ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the problem of the impact of external distortions originating on laboratory test stands on the results of measurements of fast-varying diesel exhaust gas temperature. It has been stressed how significant the aspect of the test stand adaptation is during an experiment to ensure the smallest possible impact. This paper, however, focuses on the methods of mathematical processing of a signal recorded during experimental research of a real object. The most significant parameter requiring filtering is the fast-varying exhaust gas temperature in the engine exhaust channel. Methods of mathematical processing adequate to this type of distorted signal have been presented, particularly those that can be used in the Matlab environment and consisting in averaging of the obtained curves of temperature changes. The results of the application of these methods have also been presented on actual curves recorded during laboratory tests and their evaluation has been made.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of V-gutter flameholders

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dias Umyshev ◽  
Abay Dostiyarov ◽  
Musagul Tumanov ◽  
Quiwang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bluff Body ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Bluff Bodies ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Flame Holder ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Combustion characteristics and NOx emissions of propane and air mixture in a channel with a bluff body were investigated experimentally. Effects of the angle and type of the flameholder on the NOx emissions, blow-off limit, combustion efficiency, and exhaust gas temperature were examined. The results show that the NOx emissions are dependent on flameholder type and angle. Also it was observed that the perforated V-gutters considerably increases the blow-off performance. Moreover, the blow-off limit decreases as the geometrical size of flame-holder is increased. In addition, the combustion efficiency increase first and then decrease with the increase of the angle. The physics of the combustion process behind V-gutter flameholdes has been discussed. On the basis of experiment authors presented a modified version of the formula for calculation of lean blow-off limits when using bluff bodies, such as V-gutter flameholders.

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