scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Elbow Erosion in Shale Gas Fields under Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3804
Author(s):  
Bingyuan Hong ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Yanbo Li ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Yafeng Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Shape Coefficient ◽  
Sand Particles ◽  
Gas Fields

Erosion is one of the most common forms of material failure and equipment damage in gas transmission pipelines. Shale gas fields use hydraulic fracturing whereby solid particles are often carried in the gas flow, and the pipeline is in a high-pressure state, which is more likely to cause erosion. The prediction of particle erosion regulation in gas-solid two-phase flow is an effective means to ensure the safe operation of shale gas fields. In this paper, an integrated CFD-DPM model is established to investigate the erosion of 90° elbow in a shale gas field under gas-solid two-phase flow, employing the realizable k-ε turbulence model, discrete phase model, and erosion rate prediction model. The reliability of the proposed numerical models is verified by comparing the predicted data with the experimental data. Moreover, the effects of six important factors on maximum erosion rate are analyzed, including gas velocity, mass flow rate of sand particles, particle diameter, shape coefficient of sand particles, pipeline diameter, elbow radius of curvature. Specifically, the results indicate that the gas velocity, mass flow rate and shape coefficient of sand particles are positively correlated with the maximum erosion rate, while the pipe diameter and the elbow radius of curvature are negatively correlated with the maximum erosion rate. A new correlation was developed, which included four dimensionless groups, namely Reynolds number, diameter ratio, density ratio and particle number. The correlation can be used to predict maximum corrosion rate of elbows. This work can provide data reference and theoretical basis for mitigating the erosion rate of pipelines and managing the integrity of gas pipelines.

scholarly journals Iterative Analytical Solutions for Nonlinear Two-Phase Flow with Gas Solubility in Shale Gas Reservoirs

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoji Shang ◽  
J. G. Wang ◽  
Zhizhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Nonlinear Term ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Solubility ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Two Phase

The governing equations of a two-phase flow have a strong nonlinear term due to the interactions between gas and water such as capillary pressure, water saturation, and gas solubility. This nonlinearity is usually ignored or approximated in order to obtain analytical solutions. The impact of such ignorance on the accuracy of solutions has not been clear so far. This study seeks analytical solutions without ignoring this nonlinear term. Firstly, a nonlinear mathematical model is developed for the two-phase flow of gas and water during shale gas production. This model also considers the effects of gas solubility in water. Then, iterative analytical solutions for pore pressures and production rates of gas and water are derived by the combination of travelling wave and variational iteration methods. Thirdly, the convergence and accuracy of the solutions are checked through history matching of two sets of gas production data: a China shale gas reservoir and a horizontal Barnett shale well. Finally, the effects of the nonlinear term, shale gas solubility, and entry capillary pressure on the shale gas production rate are investigated. It is found that these iterative analytical solutions can be convergent within 2-3 iterations. The solutions can well describe the production rates of both gas and water. The nonlinear term can significantly affect the forecast of shale gas production in both the short term and the long term. Entry capillary pressure and shale gas solubility in water can also affect shale gas production rates of shale gas and water. These analytical solutions can be used for the fast calculation of the production rates of both shale gas and water in the two-phase flow stage.

Liquid and Gas-Phase Distributions in a Jet With Phase Change

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4a) ◽  
pp. 955-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Dobran
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pipe Length ◽  
Pressure Peak

A two-phase flow high-velocity jet with phase change was studied numerically. The jet is assumed to be created by the two-phase critical flow discharge through a pipe of variable length and attached to a vessel containing the saturated liquid at different stagnation pressures. The jet flow is assumed to be axisymmetric and the modeling of the two-phase flow was accomplished by a nonequilibrium model that accounts for the relative velocity and temperature difference between the phases. The numerical solution of the governing set of balance and conservation equations revealed steep gradients of flow properties in both radial and axial directions. The liquid phase in the jet is shown to remain close to the jet axis, and its velocity increases until it reaches a maximum corresponding to the gas velocity, and thereafter decreases at the same rate as the gas velocity. The effect of decreasing the pipe length is shown to produce a larger disequilibrium in the jet and a double pressure peak in the total pressure distribution. A comparison of the predicted total pressure distribution in the jet with the experimental data of steam–water at different axial locations is demonstrated to be very reasonable.

Study on Particle Response to Local Fluid Velocity in a Gas Particle Turbulent Flow

Volume 3 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wang ◽  
Hui-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Xi-Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Similarity Function ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Waveform Similarity ◽  
Tracking Model ◽  
Particle Velocities

Solid particle response to local gas velocity was discussed based on the simulation results of instantaneous velocities of three-dimensional backward-facing step gas particle turbulent flow. Gas flow was simulated by the method of large eddy simulation and particle motion was calculated by the Lagrangian particle tracking model. Instantaneous particle response to gas velocity in two different typical flow regions was discussed. Some factors, such as the waveform similarity function and time-averaged method were used for quantitatively studying particle response regularity based on the relationship between the gas velocity and particle velocity for different size particles. It is shown that the smaller the particle is, the smaller the waveform similarity function value is. The extent that particle velocities make response to gas flow velocities in different flow regions is also distinct. Moreover, for time-averaged results, the quantitative results that particle velocities depend on gas velocities are obviously different in the main flow region. These studies also provide some reference for researches of improving particle stochastic separated flow models for turbulent two-phase flow and for studies of two-way coupling problem for two-phase flow.

An approximate semianalytical method for two-phase flow analysis of liquid-rich shale gas and tight light-oil wells

2019 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 562-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghui Wu ◽  
Linsong Cheng ◽  
Shijun Huang ◽  
Yuhu Bai ◽  
Pin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Semianalytical Method

scholarly journals Investigation on the Gas–Solid Two-Phase Flow in the Interaction between Plane Shock Wave and Quartz Sand Particles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8859
Author(s):  
Xu Peng ◽  
Guoning Rao ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Shunyao Wang ◽  
Wanghua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Plane Shock ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Momentum Exchange ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Sand Particles

The interaction between a shock wave and solid particles involves complex gas–solid two-phase flow, which is widely used in industrial processes. Theoretical analysis, an experimental test, and simulation were combined to investigate the interaction process between a shock wave and quartz sand particles. The variation of physical parameters of the two phases during the interaction process was considered theoretically. Then, a novel vertical shock tube generator was employed to record the pressure attenuation and dispersion process of solid particles. Finally, the complex gas–solid two-phase flow was simulated based on the computational fluid dynamics method. The results showed that a nonequilibrium state was formed during the interaction process and momentum exchange generated, resulting in a drag force of the shock wave on the particles. The shock intensity obviously attenuated after the shock wave passed through the solid particles, and this part of the energy was work on the solid particles to drive their dispersion. A three-dimensional annular vortex was generated around the solid particles due to the entrainment effect of airflow. Under the shock wave action of 1.47 Ma, the three types of solid particles with average diameters of 2.5, 0.95, and 0.42 mm presented different motion laws. The particles with smaller size were easier to disperse, and the cloud that formed was larger and more uniform.

Hydrodynamics of Two-Phase Flow Across Horizontal In-line and Staggered Rod Bundles

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dowlati ◽  
A. M. C. Chan ◽  
M. Kawaji
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Void Fraction ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Rod Bundles ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Friction Pressure Drop ◽  
Velocity Effect

The void fraction and friction pressure drop measurements have been made for vertical two-phase flow of air-water across staggered and in-line rod bundles with different pitch-to-diameter ratios. All void fraction data showed a strong mass velocity effect and were significantly less than the values predicted by a homogeneous flow model, but were well correlated using the dimensionless gas velocity, jg*. The two-phase friction multiplier data could be well correlated with the Martinelli parameter for G > 200 kg/m2s. The correlations developed for void fraction and two-phase friction multiplier were successfully tested in predicting the total pressure drop in boiling R-113 experiments.

Two-Phase Flow CFD Simulations of Bubble Crystallization Tube

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 2383-2387
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Zhang ◽  
Jian Long Hou ◽  
Ke Xue Fang
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Inlet Velocity ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Form Condition

At present, the studies of bubble crystallization focus on the gas velocity, crystallization efficiency and crystallization yield, the effects of other factors were not considered. So it is very important to study factors comprehensively that effect on the gas-liquid two-phase flow of bubble crystallization. In this paper, Fluent was used as a computing platform and RNG k-ε turbulence model and VOF multi-phase model was selected to simulate gas-liquid two-phase flow of bubble crystallization. The results show that as the gas inlet velocity increases, slug bubbles are more and more bigger, more and more dispersed bubbles are below the slug bubbles, crystallization efficiency first increases and then decreases; Under the gas pulse-inlet form condition, the better operating parameters are: gas velocity 1.0m/s, pulse duration 0.4s, interval time 0.8s, crystallization tube diameter 40mm. Simulations agree well with experimental data.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Solid Particle Erosion of the Sealing Surface Materials of a Ball Valve

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Donghua Peng ◽  
Shaohua Dong ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Dongying Wang ◽  
Yinuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Impact Angle ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Valve Sealing ◽  
The Impact

The ball valve is an essential piece of equipment in an oil and gas pipeline. The sand particles transported through the pipeline can cause erosion and wear to the ball valve, thus causing it to fail, leading to serious safety hazards. In this paper, the self-designed erosion experiment method was combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), while the Euler-Lagrange method was also introduced to optimize the Oka erosion model and Ford particle-wall rebound model. The erosion mechanism and characteristics of the ball valve sealing surface in gas-solid two-phase flow were simulated, while the erosion condition of the specimen was analyzed and compared when exposed to different factors, such as different particle velocities, impact angle, particle size, and specimen materials. The experimental data conformed well to the CFD erosion simulation data, verifying the accuracy of the CFD simulation analysis. The results indicated that the worn surface was caused by various wear mechanisms, while a “stagnation zone” was identified at the center of the specimen. The maximum erosion area, which was U-shaped, was also located at the center. The erosion rate increased in conjunction with an increase in the particle velocity and size, both of which failed to affect the erosion pattern. The erosion rate initially increased, after which it decreased with the impact angle, reaching the maximum value at an impact angle of 30°. This paper summarizes the erosion failure mechanism and characteristics in gas–solid two-phase flow and provides both technical support and a theoretical basis for the on-site maintenance of essential vulnerable parts in the pipeline, such as ball valves.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document