scholarly journals Critical Review of Flywheel Energy Storage System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2159
Author(s):  
A.G. Olabi ◽  
Tabbi Wilberforce ◽  
Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem ◽  
Mohamad Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Synchronous Machines ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage System

This review presents a detailed summary of the latest technologies used in flywheel energy storage systems (FESS). This paper covers the types of technologies and systems employed within FESS, the range of materials used in the production of FESS, and the reasons for the use of these materials. Furthermore, this paper provides an overview of the types of uses of FESS, covering vehicles and the transport industry, grid leveling and power storage for domestic and industrial electricity providers, their use in motorsport, and applications for space, satellites, and spacecraft. Different types of machines for flywheel energy storage systems are also discussed. This serves to analyse which implementations reduce the cost of permanent magnet synchronous machines. As well as this, further investigations need to be carried out to determine the ideal temperature range of operation. Induction machines are currently stoutly designed with lower manufacturing cost, making them unsuitable for high-speed operations. Brushless direct current machines, the Homolar machines, and permanent magnet synchronous machines should also be considered for future research activities to improve their performance in a flywheel energy storage system. An active magnetic bearing can also be used alongside mechanical bearings to reduce the control systems’ complications, thereby making the entire system cost-effective.

Design and Analysis of a Unique Flywheel Energy Storage System: An Integrated Flywheel, Motor/Generator and Magnetic Bearing Configuration

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunvel Kailasan ◽  
Timothy Dimond ◽  
Paul Allaire ◽  
David Sheffler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Active Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage System

Energy storage is becoming increasingly important with the rising need to accommodate the energy needs of a greater population. Energy storage is especially important with intermittent sources such as solar and wind. Flywheel energy storage systems store kinetic energy by constantly spinning a compact rotor in a low-friction environment. When short-term back-up power is required as a result of utility power loss or fluctuations, the rotor’s inertia allows it to continue spinning and the resulting kinetic energy is converted to electricity. Unlike fossil-fuel power plants and batteries, the flywheel based energy storage systems do not emit any harmful byproducts during their operation and have attracted interest recently. A typical flywheel system is comprised of an energy storage rotor, a motor-generator system, bearings, power electronics, controls and a containment housing. Conventional outer flywheel designs have a large diameter energy storage rotor attached to a smaller diameter section which is used as a motor/generator. The cost to build and maintain such a system can be substantial. This paper presents a unique concept design for a 1 kW-hr inside-out integrated flywheel energy storage system. The flywheel operates at a nominal speed of 40,000 rpm. This design can potentially scaled up for higher energy storage capacity. It uses a single composite rotor to perform the functions of energy storage. The flywheel design incoporates a 5-axis active magnetic bearing system. The flywheel is also encased in a double layered housing to ensure safe operation. IGBT based power electronics are adopted as well. The design targets cost savings from reduced material and manufacturing costs. This paper focuses on the rotor design, the active magnetic bearing design, the associated rotordynamics and a preliminary closed-loop controller.

Flywheel Energy Storage Systems for Wind Turbine Grid Frequency Stability: A Review

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilker Durukan ◽  
Stephen Ekwaro-Osire ◽  
Stephen B. Bayne
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Frequency Stability ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Systems

Most recent grid codes require wind turbines to contribute to the recovery of frequency drops in the grid. More of the recently build wind turbines use variable speed generators. Unlike fixed speed generators, these generators do not naturally contribute to the recovery of the frequency drop since the rotor rpm is decoupled from the grid frequency. This decoupling is achieved by controller and power conditioning units. The studies reviewed in this paper focused on the design of such a controller so that the wind turbine could react to frequency drops. Another approach to responding to frequency drops is to connect an energy storage system to the DC bus of variable speed generator. Flywheels have been used as energy storage systems to fill energy gaps in several applications and can be used for frequency recovery application for wind turbines as well. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the improvement of frequency stability of wind turbines connected to electrical grids in the presence of flywheel energy storage systems (FESS). Studies reviewed show that FESS can enhance the power quality and frequency stability of wind turbines connected to an electrical grid.

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