scholarly journals Optimal Pitch Angle Strategy for Energy Maximization in Offshore Wind Farms Considering Gaussian Wake Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Javier Serrano González ◽  
Bruno López ◽  
Martín Draper
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Wake Effect ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Wake Model ◽  
The Individual

This paper presents a new approach based on the optimization of the blade pitching strategy of offshore wind turbines in order to maximize the global energy output considering the Gaussian wake model and including the effect of added turbulence. A genetic algorithm is proposed as an optimization tool in the process of finding the optimal setting of the wind turbines, which aims to determine the individual pitch of each turbine so that the overall losses due to the wake effect are minimised. The integration of the Gaussian model, including the added turbulence effect, for the evaluation of the wakes provides a step forward in the development of strategies for optimal operation of offshore wind farms, as it is one of the state-of-the-art analytical wake models that allow the evaluation of the energy output of the project in a more reliable way. The proposed methodology has been tested through the execution of a set of test cases that show the ability of the proposed tool to maximize the energy production of offshore wind farms, as well as highlights the importance of considering the effect of added turbulence in the evaluation of the wake.

Optimization of Wind Turbine Placement in Offshore Wind Farms

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeng Li ◽  
J. Iwan D. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Wake Interactions ◽  
Wake Model ◽  
Wind Distribution

In this paper, a Genetic Algorithm is used to find optimized spatial configurations of wind turbines in offshore or flat terrain wind farms. The optimization is made by obtaining maximizing power output per unit cost. A wake model which permits the calculation of single wakes, multiple wakes and wake interactions is employed to estimate wind speeds at each turbine for a given external wind distribution function and a given spatial configuration. The optimization is applied to cases of unidirectional wind, variable direction winds and variable wind speed. The placement of a turbine can be set at any location following the approach of Mittal et al. Results are obtained for different spacing limits between turbines and wind farms of different sizes. The results for some patterns of optimized placements of wind turbines are discussed in the context of the wind distributions and the wake model employed.

scholarly journals Wind Turbine Clustering Algorithm of Large Offshore Wind Farms considering Wake Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Zhang ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Wake Effect ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Power Simulation ◽  
Value Decomposition

This paper proposed the SVD (singular value decomposition) clustering algorithm to cluster wind turbines into some group for a large offshore wind farm, in order to reduce the high-dimensional problem in wind farm power control and numerical simulation. Firstly, wind farm wake relationship matrixes are established considering the wake effect in an offshore wind farm, and the SVD of wake relationship matrixes is used to cluster wind turbines into some groups by the fuzzy clustering algorithm. At last, the Horns Rev offshore wind farm is analyzed to test the clustering algorithm, and the clustering result and the power simulation show the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed clustering strategy.

Optimization of Large Offshore Wind Farm Layout Considering Reliability and Wake Effect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Li ◽  
Cuong D. Dao ◽  
Behzad Kazemtabrizi ◽  
Christopher J. Crabtree
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Wake Effect ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Wind Farm Layout

Abstract Nowadays, the increasing demand of electricity and environmental hazards of the greenhouse gas lead to the requirement of renewable energies. The wind energy has been proved as one of the most successful sustainable energies. Recently, the development trend of the wind energy is to build large offshore wind farms (OWFs) with hundreds of wind turbines, which could generates more power in one wind farm. In the large OWF, the wake effect is a very important impact factor to the wind farms, especially for those with close spacing. Therefore, the wind farm layout, the location of the wind turbines (WTs) is very essential to the performance of the whole wind farm, especially for large OWFs. In this research, we focus on the optimization of the large OWF layout by considering performance of the OWF, such as the total output energy. Firstly, the model for wind farm performance evaluation is established by incorporating historical wind speed data and the wake effect which can affect the total wind farm output. Then, by using the metaheuristic algorithms, the genetic algorithm (GA), the OWF layout is optimized. This study can offer useful information to the wind farm manufactures in the large OWF design phase.

Seismic Design for Offshore Wind Farms – Lessons Learnt From the ACE Joint Industry Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Klose ◽  
Junkan Wang ◽  
Albert Ku
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Design ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Asian Pacific Region ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the past, most of the offshore wind farms have been installed in European countries. In contrast to offshore wind projects in European waters, it became clear that the impact from earthquakes is expected to be one of the major design drivers for the wind turbines and their support structures in other areas of the world. This topic is of high importance in offshore markets in the Asian Pacific region like China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea as well as parts of the United States. So far, seismic design for wind turbines is not described in large details in existing wind energy standards while local as well as international offshore oil & gas standards do not consider the specifics of modern wind turbines. In 2019, DNV GL started a Joint Industry Project (JIP) called “ACE -Alleviating Cyclone and Earthquake challenges for wind farms”. Based on the project results, a Recommended Practice (RP) for seismic design of wind turbines and their support structures will be developed. It will supplement existing standards like DNVGL-ST-0126, DNVGL-ST-0437 and the IEC 61400 series. This paper addresses the area of seismic load calculation and the details of combining earthquake impact with other environmental loads. Different options of analysis, particularly time-domain simulations with integrated models or submodelling techniques using superelements will be presented. Seismic ground motions using a uniform profile or depth-varying input profile are discussed. Finally, the seismic load design return period is addressed.

Wind Flow Conditions in Offshore Wind Farms: Validation and Application of a CFD Wake Model

ENERGYO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Westerhellweg ◽  
Beatriz Cañadillas ◽  
Friederike Kinder ◽  
Thomas Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Wake Model
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