scholarly journals Biogas Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Spent Mushroom Substrate with Different Livestock Manure

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Xionghui Gao ◽  
Xiaoyu Tang ◽  
Kunyang Zhao ◽  
Venkatesh Balan ◽  
Qili Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Relative Ratio

Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is defined as the biomass waste generated during industrial mushroom cultivation. Utilization of SMS has been extensively researched and has immense potential as a sustainable substrate for generating biogas that can offset fossil fuel use. This closed loop energy generation process that can be set up in mushroom plants will reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which will benefit the environment. Anaerobic co-digestion of SMS with different agricultural wastes such as livestock manure would result in enhanced biogas production. In this study, the anaerobic co-digestion of SMS was carried out by combing yellow back fungus SMS along with chicken, dairy and pig manure. SMS combined with chicken manure yielded a slightly higher cumulative methane yield when compared with the combination of dairy manure and pig manure. Factors such as the total solids (TS) and the relative ratio of manure to SMS loading had a significant impact on the cumulative methane yield, volatile solids removal, with a particularly prominent synergistic effect. The synergistic effect was also closely related to the C/N ratio, and under experimental conditions (TS = 15%, SMS relative ratio of 50% and C/N ratio = 25.6), the cumulative methane yield of SMS with chicken manure (CM) was increased by 414% compared with that obtained using SMS or CM separately. We carried out a multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis, a statistical technique that uses several explanatory variables to predict the outcome of a response variable. Our analysis concluded that by using operating conditions (TS = 15%, and SMS ratio = 38.9), we were able to achieve the maximum cumulative methane yield (CMY).

scholarly journals Evaluation on the Methane Production Potential of Wood Waste Pretreated with NaOH and Co-Digested with Pig Manure

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renfei Li ◽  
Wenbing Tan ◽  
Xinyu Zhao ◽  
Qiuling Dang ◽  
Qidao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Naoh Pretreatment ◽  
Digestion Technique

Wood waste generated during the tree felling and processing is a rich, green, and renewable lignocellulosic biomass. However, an effective method to apply wood waste in anaerobic digestion is lacking. The high carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio and rich lignin content of wood waste are the major limiting factors for high biogas production. NaOH pre-treatment for lignocellulosic biomass is a promising approach to weaken the adverse effect of complex crystalline cellulosic structure on biogas production in anaerobic digestion, and the synergistic integration of lignocellulosic biomass with low C/N ratio biomass in anaerobic digestion is a logical option to balance the excessive C/N ratio. Here, we assessed the improvement of methane production of wood waste in anaerobic digestion by NaOH pretreatment, co-digestion technique, and their combination. The results showed that the methane yield of the single digestion of wood waste was increased by 38.5% after NaOH pretreatment compared with the untreated wood waste. The methane production of the co-digestion of wood waste and pig manure was higher than that of the single digestion of wood waste and had nonsignificant difference with the single-digestion of pig manure. The methane yield of the co-digestion of wood waste pretreated with NaOH and pig manure was increased by 75.8% than that of the untreated wood waste. The findings indicated that wood waste as a sustainable biomass source has considerable potential to achieve high biogas production in anaerobic digestion.

scholarly journals Study of regime parameters of the fermenter in the production of biogas from animal liquid waste materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Penka Zlateva ◽  
Angel Terziev ◽  
Krastin Yordanov
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact

The focus of the present study is a small biogas power plant for anaerobic fermentation of several types of animal waste raw materials used for biogas production. The impact of some of the characteristics of substances such as composition, temperature, humidity, and pH of the mixture in the bioreactor has been considered. The above is vital for optimizing the fermentation process, and also to improve the biogas production process. The plant is located in Northeastern Bulgaria and the raw liquid manure is supplied by several neighboring small farms. The annual quantities of raw waste are as follows: cow manure - 1252 t / a; chicken manure - 427 t / a and pig manure - 639 t / a. The manure is collected in a preliminary tank and then pumped to the bioreactor. The fermenter itself is a hermetically sealed and thermally insulated tank where constant temperature is maintained. It is equipped with a stirring system, which helps the mixing and homogenization of the substrate. The tests were performed during three charges of the installation. The fermentation takes approximately 23 up to 25 days. The experiments were performed during the summer and autumn seasons when the ambient air temperature varies from 28 to 45 °C. The biogas can be used as an energy carried as the obtained organic fertilizer is suitable for agriculture purposes.

scholarly journals Development of a Modified Plug-Flow Anaerobic Digester for Biogas Production from Animal Manures

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gómez ◽  
Ramos-Suárez ◽  
Fernández ◽  
Muñoz ◽  
Tey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Methane Potential

Traditional plug-flow anaerobic reactors (PFRs) are characterized by lacking a mixing system and operating at high total solid concentrations, which limits their applicability for several kinds of manures. This paper studies the performance of a novel modified PFR for the treatment of pig manure, characterized by having an internal sludge mixing system by biogas recirculation in the range of 0.270–0.336 m3 m−3 h−1. The influence on the methane yield of four operating parameters (recirculation rate, hydraulic retention time, organic loading rate, and total solids) was evaluated by running four modified PFRs at the pilot scale in mesophilic conditions. While the previous biodegradability of organic matter by biochemical methane potential tests were between 31% and 47% with a methane yield between 125 and 184 LCH4 kgVS−1, the PFRs showed a suitable performance with organic matter degradation between 25% and 51% and a methane yield of up to 374 LCH4 kgVS−1. Operational problems such as solid stratification, foaming, or scum generation were avoided.

Study on Biogas Production by Dry Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Animal Manure and Straw

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Li Jun Shi ◽  
Li Tong Ban ◽  
Hui Fen Liu ◽  
Jian Chao Hao ◽  
Wei Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Operation Temperature ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Dry Digestion

Dry anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure and straw was conducted to produce biogas. Startup characteristics and biogas production perform of dry digestion were studied, and the effect of operation temperature and incubation amount on dry digestion was also investigated. The study result showed that under the conditions of C/N=25-30, TS=20% and T=(36±1) °C,dry digestion can start up quickly with acclimated thickening sludge as incubation sludge. Compared to dry digestion of chicken manure and pig manure, dry digestion of cow manure proceeded steadily with high biogas yield. It is found that incubation is necessary in the process of dry digestion and biogas yield increases with more incubation amount. The appreciate incubation ratio is about 10%. Temperature change has apparent effect on biogas production, and it is suggested that mesophilic temperature should be chosen in the scaled project of dry digestion.

Study on Solid-State Anaerobic Co-Digestion with Distiller’s Grains and Food Waste for Methane Production

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
Li Hong Wang ◽  
Qun Hui Wang ◽  
Wei Wei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Distiller's Grains

Solid-state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) of distiller’s grains (DG) and kitchen waste (KW) for biogas was investigated. Six DG to KW ratios of 10/1, 8/1, 6/1, 4/1, 1/0, and 0/1 was used. The results showed that in 48 digestion days the co-digestion with DG to KW ratio of 8:1 obtained the highest methane yield of 159.74mL/gTS, TS and VS reductions of 58.7% and 71.8%, hemicellulase, cellulose and lignin reductions of 46.7%, 45.4% and 4.0%. Compared to mono-digestions of DG or KW, co-digestion of DG and FW had a good synergistic effect. It indicated that SSAD of cellulosic-based waste and food waste could be one of the options for efficient biogas production and waste treatment

scholarly journals Bio-Gasification Under Partially Aerated Conditions

2017 ◽  
pp. 549-557
Author(s):  
Deshai Botheju ◽  
Rune Bakke
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Biomass Activity ◽  
Gas Generation Rate

Anaerobic digestion (AD) under mild aerobic loading is investigated. Aeration can apparently have both positive and negative impacts on biogas generation. This study aims to recognize and describe these different aeration effects on AD. Seven series of batch experiments (BT 1- 7) were conducted under varying feed and oxygenation conditions at 35 oC. Oxygen was introduced as headspace air in four of the batch experiments and as pure oxygen in two series. Effects of extensive initial aeration of inoculum were investigated in one batch series. The methane yield of the reactors fed with starch (1.09 g COD/LReactor) was positively influenced by oxygenation in the load range up to 38 % O2 (as % of feed COD). A negative influence of oxygen was observed at the next experimental level of 79 % O2. For the glucose fed reactors under similar operating conditions, the oxygen impact was near linearly negative in the tested range of 0 - 49 % O2. These results demonstrate that digestion of soluble substrates like glucose is not enhanced by O2, while substrates requiring hydrolysis are. Thus, limited aeration can enhance biogas production from non-soluble substrates under batch conditions. According to the experiment where the effects of extensive initial aeration was investigated, lengthening of the aeration period increasingly slowed down the gas generation rate but eventually resulted in the same methane yield. The lag period before gas generation started was three times longer for the aerated inoculum reactors than un-aerated. These observations suggest that oxygen induced inhibition of the biomass activity is mostly reversible. Reduced biogas production rates with initial aeration extent suggest some permanent damage to the anaerobes. Extensively aerated inoculums generated less methane compared to the un-aerated inoculum, probably due to the loss of some biogas potential initially present in the inoculum. Oxygen assisted degradation of some recalcitrant organic matter, including biomass cells themselves, present in the inoculum is also detected in an unfed inoculum test series.

scholarly journals Digested residue as a fertilizer after the mesophilic process of anaerobic digestion

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Voća ◽  
T. Krička ◽  
T. Ćosić ◽  
V. Rupić ◽  
Ž. Jukić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Thermophilic Microorganisms

The aim of this paper is to determine the difference in quality of the digested residue after the process of anaerobic digestion by using different input raw materials. The research was conducted in the Republic of Austria on four facilities for biogas production. The raw materials used for biogas production were chicken manure, pig manure, Sudan grass and organic household waste. The research included chemical analysis and bacteriological tests of the samples taken. It was found that the digested residue in all of the samples, all of which are mildly alkaline, contains a low level of dry matter, 70% of which is organic matter. Biogenic elements were present in moderate concentration; the values of heavy metals were within approved limits. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the digested residues of all input materials can be used in agricultural production, especially so in plant production and grassland cultivation. Mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms were found in the digested residue samples, but there were no cryophilic microorganisms and no pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Comparison of Biochar Materials Derived from Coconut Husks and Various Types of Livestock Manure, and Their Potential for Use in Removal of H2S from Biogas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6262
Author(s):  
Lianghu Su ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
Guihua Zhuo ◽  
Rongting Ji ◽  
Saier Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Activated Biochar ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

As a potential adsorbent material, loose, porous livestock manure biochar provides a new approach to livestock manure resource utilization. In this study, coconut husks (CH) and livestock manure, i.e., cow dung (CD), pig manure (PM), and chicken manure (CM) were used as biomass precursors for preparation of biochar via high-temperature pyrolysis and CO2 activation. Characterization technologies, such as scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, adsorption–desorption isotherms, and pore size distributions, were used to study the microscopic morphologies and physicochemical properties of unactivated and activated biochar materials. The results showed that CD biochar provides better adsorption performance (up to 29.81 mg H2S/g) than CM or PM biochar. After activation at 650° for 1 h, the best adsorption performance was 38.23 mg H2S/g. For comparison, the CH biochar removal performance was 30.44 mg H2S/g. Its best performance was 38.73 mg H2S/g after 1 h of activation at 750 °C. Its best removal performance is equivalent to that of CH biochar activated at a temperature that is 100 °C higher. Further material characterization indicates that the H2S removal performance of livestock-manure–derived biochar is not entirely dependent on the specific surface area, but is closely related to the pore size distribution.

scholarly journals The Residue of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Soil and Vegetable and Its Effect On The Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longshui Xu ◽  
Weizhong Wang ◽  
Weihong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Manure Treatment

Abstract [Background] Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in livestock and poultry breeding. The residue of tetracycline antibiotics in animal manure may cause changes of soil microbial community. [Methods] On the basis of the investigation and analysis of TCs pollution in the soil of main vegetable bases and the livestock manure of major large-scale farms in Chongqing, China, the effects of tetracycline antibiotics on the structure and diversity of soil microbial community were investigated by high-throughput sequencing. [Results] The TCs content in soil was increased by applying livestock manure. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under pig manure treatment were 171.07-660.20 μg·kg-1, 25.38-345.78 μg·kg-1 and 170.77-707.47 μg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under the treatment of chicken manure were 166.62-353.61 μg·kg-1, 122.25-251.23 μg·kg-1 and 15.12-80.91 μg·kg-1 respectively. The content of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in edible parts of Brassica juncea var. gemmifera was increased after livestock manure treatment, among which pig manure had the greatest influence on the increase of TCs content, and the larger the dosage of pig manure was, the more significant the increase of TCs content was. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chioroflexi and bacteroidetes under livestock manure treatment were the dominant phyla, accounting for 85.2%-92.4% of the total abundance of soil bacteria. [Conclusions] The soil OTUs under the treatment of pig manure was higher than that under the treatment of chicken manure. Biogas residue after fermentation treatment can effectively reduce the environmental and ecological risks caused by antibiotic residues.

The Residue of Tetracycline Antibiotics in Soil and Vegetable and Its Effect on the Diversity of Soil Bacterial Community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longshui Xu ◽  
Weizhong Wang ◽  
Weihong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Tetracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Manure Treatment

Abstract [Background]Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are a broad-spectrum antibiotic, widely used in livestock and poultry breeding. The residue of tetracycline antibiotics in animal manure may cause changes of soil microbial community.[Methods]On the basis of the investigation and analysis of TCs pollution in the soil of main vegetable bases and the livestock manure of major large-scale farms in Chongqing, China, the effects of tetracycline antibiotics on the structure and diversity of soil microbial community were investigated by high-throughput sequencing.[Results]The TCs content in soil was increased by applying livestock manure. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under pig manure treatment were 171.07-660.20 μg·kg-1, 25.38-345.78 μg·kg-1 and 170.77-707.47 μg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of TC, OTC and CTC in the soil under the treatment of chicken manure were 166.62-353.61 μg·kg-1, 122.25-251.23 μg·kg-1 and 15.12-80.91 μg·kg-1 respectively. The content of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in edible parts of Brassica juncea var. gemmifera was increased after livestock manure treatment, among which pig manure had the greatest influence on the increase of TCs content, and the larger the dosage of pig manure was, the more significant the increase of TCs content was. Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chioroflexi and bacteroidetes under livestock manure treatment were the dominant phyla, accounting for 85.2%-92.4% of the total abundance of soil bacteria.[Conclusions]The soil OTUs under the treatment of pig manure was higher than that under the treatment of chicken manure. Biogas residue after fermentation treatment can effectively reduce the environmental and ecological risks caused by antibiotic residues.

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