scholarly journals Building Energy Performance Analysis after Changing Its Form of Use from an Office to a Residential Building

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 564
Author(s):  
Przemysław Markiewicz-Zahorski ◽  
Joanna Rucińska ◽  
Małgorzata Fedorczak-Cisak ◽  
Michał Zielina
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Zero Energy

Lowering energy consumption is one of the most important challenges of the modern world. Since the construction sector accounts for 40% of total energy consumption worldwide, the Parliament of the European Union has developed a Directive, according to which all newly designed and thermally upgraded buildings should meet the requirements of almost zero energy demand (nZEBs) from 1 January 2021. At the same time, in Poland, but also in many other countries in the world, there is a growing oversupply of office space in large cities with a simultaneous increase in demand for apartments, which is caused, among other things, by the increase in the share of remote work and the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, this is forcing owners to change the use of buildings from office to residential. This article analyses the possibilities of changing the function of an office building to a multi-family residential building. For both functional solutions, a comparative energy analysis was carried out, taking into account different work schedules and the requirements for new buildings with zero energy demand. The analyses have shown that changing the form of use of an office building to a multi-family building without significant financial and technical costs is possible. On the other hand, the reverse change of the form of use is much more difficult and, in many cases, practically impossible. Due to the fact that many offices are now multinational corporations, this issue is global.

scholarly journals Monitoring Data Study of the Performance of Renewable Energy Systems in a Near Zero Energy Building in Spain: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rey-Hernández ◽  
Eloy Velasco-Gómez ◽  
Julio San José-Alonso ◽  
Ana Tejero-González ◽  
Sergio González-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Zero Energy Building

The building sector is responsible for a substantial part of the energy consumption and corresponding CO2 emissions. The European Union has consequently developed various directives, among which the updated Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2018/844/EU stands out, aiming at minimizing the energy demand in buildings, improving the energy efficiency of their facilities and integrating renewable energies. The objective of the present study was to develop an analysis on the energy performance, related CO2 emissions and operating costs of the renewable energy technologies implemented within a multipurpose near Zero Energy Building (nZEB). The target building is an existing nZEB called LUCIA, located in Valladolid (Spain). Monitoring data provides the required information on the actual needs for electricity, cooling and heating. It is equipped with solar energy photovoltaic systems, a biomass boiler and a geothermal Earth to Air Heat Exchanger (EAHX) intended for meeting the ventilation thermal loads. All systems studied show favourable performances, but depend significantly on the particular characteristics of the building, the control algorithm and the climate of the location. Hence, design of these strategies for new nZEBs must consider all these factors. The combined use of the PhotoVoltaic PV System, the biomass and the EAHX reduces the CO2 emissions up to 123 to 170 tons/year in comparison with other fuels, entailing economic savings from the system operation of up to 43,000–50,000 €/year.

Energy analysis for construction of a zero-energy residential building using thermal simulation in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Amani ◽  
Abdul Amir Reza Soroush ◽  
Mostafa Moghadas Mashhad ◽  
Keyvan Safarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Thermal Simulation ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Semi Arid

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility and design of zero-energy buildings (ZEBs) in cold and semi-arid climates. In this study, to maximize the use of renewable energy, energy consumption is diminished using passive solar architecture systems and techniques. Design/methodology/approach The case study is a residential building with a floor area of 100 m2 and four inhabitants in the cold and semi-arid climate, northeast of Iran. For thermal simulation, the climate data such as air temperature, sunshine hours, wind, precipitation and hourly sunlight, are provided from the meteorological station and weather databases of the region. DesignBuilder software is applied for simulation and dynamic analysis of the building, as well as PVsyst software to design and evaluate renewable energy performance. Findings The simulation results show a 30% decrease in annual energy consumption of the building by complying with the principles of passive design (optimal selection of direction, Trombe wall, shade, proper insulation selection) from 25,443 kWh to 17,767 kWh. Then, the solar energy photovoltaic (PV) system is designed using PVsyst software, taking into account the annual energy requirement and the system’s annual energy yield is estimated to be 26,291 kWh. Originality/value The adaptive comparison of the values obtained from the energy analysis indicated that constructing a ZEB is feasible in cold and semi-arid conditions and is considered an effective step to achieve sustainable and environmentally friendly construction.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Assessment of Innovative Building Solutions Coming from Construction and Demolition Waste Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Beatriz Fraga-De Cal ◽  
Antonio Garrido-Marijuan ◽  
Olaia Eguiarte ◽  
Beñat Arregi ◽  
Ander Romero-Amorrortu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
The Impact

Prefabricated solutions incorporating thermal insulation are increasingly adopted as an energy conservation measure for building renovation. The InnoWEE European project developed three technologies from Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) materials through a manufacturing process that supports the circular economy strategy of the European Union. Two of them consisted of geopolymer panels incorporated into an External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS) and a ventilated façade. This study evaluates their thermal performance by means of monitoring data from three pilot case studies in Greece, Italy, and Romania, and calibrated building simulation models enabling the reliable prediction of energy savings in different climates and use scenarios. Results showed a reduction in energy demand for all demo buildings, with annual energy savings up to 25% after placing the novel insulation solutions. However, savings are highly dependent on weather conditions since the panels affect cooling and heating loads differently. Finally, a parametric assessment is performed to assess the impact of insulation thickness through an energy performance prediction and a cash flow analysis.

scholarly journals Optimization of Performance Parameter Design and Energy Use Prediction for Nearly Zero Energy Buildings

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Xu ◽  
Guohui Feng ◽  
Dandan Chi ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Baoyue Dou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Maximum Relative Error ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Saving Ratio ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

Optimizing key parameters with energy consumption as the control target can minimize the heating and cooling needs of buildings. In this paper we focus on the optimization of performance parameters design and the prediction of energy consumption for nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB). The optimal combination of various performance parameters and the Energy Saving Ratio (ESR)are studied by using a large volume of simulation data. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are applied for the prediction of annual electrical energy consumption in a nearly Zero Energy Building designs located in Shenyang (China). The data of the energy demand for our test is obtained by using building simulation techniques. The results demonstrate that the heating energy demand for our test nearly Zero Energy Building is 17.42 KW·h/(m2·a). The Energy Saving Ratio of window-to-wall ratios optimization is the most obvious, followed by thermal performance parameters of the window, and finally the insulation thickness. The maximum relative error of building energy consumption prediction is 6.46% when using the artificial neural network model to predict energy consumption. The establishment of this prediction method enables architects to easily and accurately obtain the energy consumption of buildings during the design phase.

SIMULATION BASED COMPLEX ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF OFFICE BUILDING FENESTRATION

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Motuzienė ◽  
Egidijus Saulius Juodis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
The North ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Glazed Facade

The number of office buildings with highly fenestrated facades is currently increasing in Lithuania and neighboring countries. Highly fenestrated facades reduce energy consumption for lighting and simultaneously increase energy consumption for heating, cooling, air conveying and may cause thermal and visual discomfort. Pursuing to reduce negative effects of the highly glazed facade, special glasses are frequently used. However, such windows usually increase demand for lighting energy. Therefore, when making early decisions about glazing the building, it is important to have a complex evaluation of energy demand related to the specific case. The paper presents the results of analysis made using energy simulation tools. The obtained results have shown that when shading is not applied, the north is the most energy efficient orientation to glazing for an air conditioned office building in cool climate zones like Lithuania. The most energy efficient window‐to‐wall ratios (WWR) for the south, east and west oriented façade are 20%, whereas for the north it makes 20–40%. However, such WWR values do not satisfy standard requirements for day lighting. Santrauka Pastaraisiais metais Lietuvoje ir kaimyninese šalyse daugeja administracines paskirties pastatu, kuriu dauguma išoriniu atitvaru yra skaidrios. Didesnis istiklinimo plotas lemia mažesnius energijos poreikius apšvietimui, tačiau didina šildymo ir vesinimo sistemu energijos poreikius, sukelia šilumini bei vizualini diskomforta. Neigiamai dideliu skaidriu atitvaru itakai sumažinti naudojami tamsinti ir kitu specialiu charakteristiku stiklai, tačiau tai savo ruožtu didina energijos poreiki apšvietimui. Todel, priimant sprendimus del pastato istiklinimo, svarbu prieš tai kompleksiškai išnagrineti konkretaus sprendimo itaka pastato energijos poreikiams. Straipsnyje pateikiama modeliuojant gautu rezultatu analize. Rezultatai parode, kad vesaus klimato šalyse, kurioms priklauso ir Lietuva, kondicionuojamu administraciniu pastatu fasadu, kai nenaudojamos apsaugos nuo saules priemones, energiškai efektyviausias istiklinimas yra i šiaures puse. Energiškai efektyviausias santykinis fasado istiklinimo plotas pietines, rytines ir vakarines orientacijos fasadams yra 20 %, o šiaurines ‐ 20–40 %. Tačiau tokie istiklinimo plotai neatitinka norminiu natūralaus apšvietimo reikalavimu.

Analysis of Energy Sources on Energy Indicators Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Anton Pitonak ◽  
Martin Lopusniak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Class ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Global Indicator

In the members states of the European Union, portion of buildings in the total consumption of energy represents 40%, and their portion in CO2 emissions fluctuates around 35%. The European Union is trying to protect the environment by reducing energy demand and releasing CO2 emissions into the air. Energy performance is the quantity of energy, which is necessary for heating and domestic hot water production, for cooling and ventilation and for lighting. Based on results of energy performance, individual buildings are classified into energy classes A to G. A global indicator (primary energy) is the decisive factor for final evaluation of the building. The new building must meet minimum requirements for energy performance, i.e. it must be classified to energy class A1 since 2016, and to energy class A0 since 2020. The paper analyses effect of the use of different resources of heat in a family house designed according to requirements valid since 2020, and its subsequent classification into an energy class.

scholarly journals Transformation of an Office Building into a Nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB): Implications for Thermal and Visual Comfort and Energy Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Ballarini ◽  
Giovanna De Luca ◽  
Argun Paragamyan ◽  
Anna Pellegrino ◽  
Vincenzo Corrado
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Efficiency Measures

Directive 2010/31/EU promotes the refurbishment of existing buildings to change them into nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEBs). Within this framework, it is of crucial importance to guarantee the best trade-off between energy performance and indoor environmental quality (IEQ). The implications of a global refurbishment scenario on thermal and visual comfort are assessed in this paper pertaining to an existing office building. The retrofit actions applied to achieve the nZEB target consist of a combination of envelope and technical building systems refurbishment measures, involving both HVAC and lighting. Energy and comfort calculations were carried out through dynamic simulation using Energy Plus and DIVA, for the thermal and visual performance assessments, respectively. The results point out that energy retrofit actions on the building envelope would lead to significant improvements in the thermal performance, regarding both energy savings (−37% of the annual primary energy for heating) and thermal comfort. However, a daylighting reduction would occur with a consequent higher electricity demand for lighting (36%). The research presents a detailed approach applicable to further analyses aimed at optimizing the energy efficiency measures in order to reduce the imbalance between visual and thermal comfort and to ensure the best performance in both domains.

scholarly journals Measured and Calculated Energy Saving on Ventilation of a Residential Building equipped with Ground-Air Heat Exchanger

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06074
Author(s):  
Silviana Brata ◽  
Cristina Tanasa ◽  
Valeriu Stoian ◽  
Dan Stoian ◽  
Daniel Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

The significant share of energy consumption of the building sector in the total energy consumption makes it responsible for 36% of CO2 emission in the European Union. In the last decade a key objective of the EU is to improve the energy efficiency and increase the use of renewables in buildings. Ground-to-air heat exchangers can be a solution for reducing primary energy consumption from nonrenewable sources in buildings and contribute to the share of energy from renewable sources. The research in this paper deals with investigations on a ground to air heat exchanger of a pilot energy efficient building, constructed in west side of Romania. The study presents the assessment of the heating and cooling energy potential of the ground-to-air heat exchanger serving the energy efficient building. Three full years of measurements of the air temperature entering the ground-air heat exchanger and the outlet air temperature are available and were used in the study. A comparison is made between the energy potential determined based on temperature measurements and the energy potential based on calculated outlet temperatures using a computational model and conventional climate data for the building location.

scholarly journals Application of Rough Set Theory (RST) to Forecast Energy Consumption in Buildings Undergoing Thermal Modernization

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Szul ◽  
Stanisław Kokoszka
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Set Theory ◽  
Rough Set ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Rough Set Theory ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency

In many regions, the heat used for space heating is a basic item in the energy balance of a building and significantly affects its operating costs. The accuracy of the assessment of heat consumption in an existing building and the determination of the main components of heat loss depends to a large extent on whether the energy efficiency improvement targets set in the thermal upgrading project are achieved. A frequent problem in the case of energy calculations is the lack of complete architectural and construction documentation of the analyzed objects. Therefore, there is a need to search for methods that will be suitable for a quick technical analysis of measures taken to improve energy efficiency in existing buildings. These methods should have satisfactory results in predicting energy consumption where the input is limited, inaccurate, or uncertain. Therefore, the aim of this work was to test the usefulness of a model based on Rough Set Theory (RST) for estimating the thermal energy consumption of buildings undergoing an energy renovation. The research was carried out on a group of 109 thermally improved residential buildings, for which energy performance was based on actual energy consumption before and after thermal modernization. Specific sets of important variables characterizing the examined buildings were distinguished. The groups of variables were used to estimate energy consumption in such a way as to obtain a compromise between the effort of obtaining them and the quality of the forecast. This has allowed the construction of a prediction model that allows the use of a fast, relatively simple procedure to estimate the final energy demand rate for heating buildings.

Recensions / Reviews

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-676
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Corporate Greening

Cairns, Alan C. Citizens Plus: Aboriginal Peoples and the Canadian State. By Joyce Green 623Flanagan, Tom. First Nations? Second Thoughts. Par Jean-François Savard 625Manfredi, Christopher P. Judicial Power and the Charter: Canada and the Paradox of Liberal Constitutionalism. By Miriam Smith 627Corbo, Claude, sous la direction de. Repenser l'École : une anthologie des débats sur l'éducation au Québec de 1945 au rapport Parent. Par Annie Mercure 629Howe, R. Brian and David Johnson. Restraining Equality. By Paul Groarke 632Stewart, David K. and Keith Archer. Quasi-Democracy? Parties and Leadership Selection in Alberta. By Harold J. Jansen 634Adkin, Laurie E. Politics of Sustainable Development: Citizens, Unions and the Corporations. By Milton Fisk 635Gibson, Robert B., ed. Voluntary Initiatives. The New Politics of Corporate Greening. By Jean Mercier 637Vosko, Leah F. Temporary Work: The Gendered Rise of a Precarious Employment Relationship. By David Camfield 639Amar, Akhil Reed. The Bill of Rights: Creation and Reconstruction. By Matthew DeBell 640Kagan, Robert A. and Lee Axelrad, eds. Regulatory Encounters: Multinational Corporations and American Adversarial Legalism. By Susan Summers Raines 641Barbier, Maurice. La modernité politique. Par Jean-François Lessard 643Badie, Bertrand. The Imported State: The Westernization of the Political Order. By Geoff Martin 645Gill, Graeme. The Dynamics of Democratization: Elites, Civil Society and the Transition Process. By Daniel M. Brinks 646Gunther, Richard and Anthony Mughan, eds. Democracy and the Media: A Comparative Perspective. By Bartholomew Sparrow 648Klieman, Aharon. Compromising Palestine: A Guide to Final Status Negotiations. By Julie Trottier 650Huang, Jing. Factionalism in Chinese Communist Politics. By Chih-Yu Shih 652Kim, Samuel S., ed. Korea's Globalization. By Hoon Jaung Chung-Ang 654Powell, Jr., G. Bingham. Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions. By Richard Johnston 655Tesh, Sylvia Noble. Uncertain Hazards: Environmental Activists and Scientific Proof. By William Chaloupka 657Watts, Ronald L. Comparing Federal Systems. By Michael Stein 658Eisenstadt, S. N. Paradoxes of Democracy; Fragility, Continuity, and Change. By Brian Donohue 660Castles, Stephen and Alastair Davidson. Citizenship and Migration: Globalization and the Politics of Belonging. By Triadafilos Triadafilopoulos 661Sidjanski, Dusan. The Federal Future of Europe: From European Community to the European Union. By Emmanuel Brunet-Jailly 663DeWiel, Boris. Democracy: A History of Ideas. By Florian Bail 664Newell, Waller R. Ruling Passion: The Erotics of Statecraft in Platonic Political Philosophy. By Andrew Hertzoff 666Hueglin, Thomas O. Early Modern Concepts for a Late Modern World: Althusius on Community and Federalism. By Phillip Hansen 668Slomp, Gabriella. Thomas Hobbes and the Political Philosophy of Glory. By Don Carmichael 670Thompson, Norma, ed. Instilling Ethics. By Gary K. Browning 671Boutwell, Jeffrey and Michael T. Klare, eds. Light Weapons and Civil Conflict: Controlling the Tools of Violence. By Kirsten E. Schulze 672Falk, Richard. Predatory Globalization: A Critique. By Stella Ladi 674Meyer, Mary K. and Elisabeth Prügl. Gender Politics in Global Governance. By Naomi Black 675

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