scholarly journals The Environmental Potential of Phase Change Materials in Building Applications. A Multiple Case Investigation Based on Life Cycle Assessment and Building Simulation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Di Bari ◽  
Rafael Horn ◽  
Björn Nienborg ◽  
Felix Klinker ◽  
Esther Kieseritzky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Energy Simulations

New materials and technologies have become the main drivers for reducing energy demand in the building sector in recent years. Energy efficiency can be reached by utilization of materials with thermal storage potential; among them, phase change materials (PCMs) seem to be promising. If they are used in combination with solar collectors in heating applications or with water chillers or in chilled ceilings in cooling applications, PCMs can provide ecological benefits through energy savings during the building’s operational phase. However, their environmental value should be analyzed by taking into account their whole lifecycle. The purpose of this paper is the assessment of PCMs at the material level as well as at higher levels, namely the component and building levels. Life cycle assessment analyses are based on information from PCM manufacturers and building energy simulations. With the newly developed software “Storage LCA Tool” (Version 1.0, University of Stuttgart, IABP, Stuttgart, Germany), PCM storage systems can be compared with traditional systems that do not entail energy storage. Their benefits can be evaluated in order to support decision-making on energy concepts for buildings. The collection of several case studies shows that PCM energy concepts are not always advantageous. However, with conclusive concepts, suitable storage dimensioning and ecologically favorable PCMs, systems can be realized that have a lower environmental impact over the entire life cycle compared to traditional systems.

scholarly journals Predicted Medium Vote Thermal Comfort Analysis Applying Energy Simulations with Phase Change Materials for Very Hot-Humid Climates in Social Housing in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Luis Godoy-Vaca ◽  
E. Catalina Vallejo-Coral ◽  
Javier Martínez-Gómez ◽  
Marco Orozco ◽  
Geovanna Villacreses
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Climate Influences ◽  
Energy Simulations

This work aims to estimate the expected hours of Predicted Medium Vote (PMV) thermal comfort in Ecuadorian social housing houses applying energy simulations with Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for very hot-humid climates. First, a novel methodology for characterizing three different types of social housing is presented based on a space-time analysis of the electricity consumption in a residential complex. Next, the increase in energy demand under climate influences is analyzed. Moreover, with the goal of enlarging the time of thermal comfort inside the houses, the most suitable PCM for them is determined. This paper includes both simulations and comparisons of thermal behavior by means of the PMV methodology of four types of PCMs selected. From the performed energy simulations, the results show that changing the deck and using RT25-RT30 in walls, it is possible to increase the duration of thermal comfort in at least one of the three analyzed houses. The applied PCM showed 46% of comfortable hours and a reduction of 937 h in which the thermal sensation varies from “very hot” to “hot”. Additionally, the usage time of air conditioning decreases, assuring the thermal comfort for the inhabitants during a higher number of hours per day.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of alveolar brick construction system incorporating phase change materials (PCMs)

2013 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 600-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Castell ◽  
Karim Menoufi ◽  
Alvaro de Gracia ◽  
Lídia Rincón ◽  
Dieter Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Construction System

Surface Modification of Silver Nanoparticles in Phase Change Materials for Building Energy Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 889-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Kwok Wei
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Silica Coating ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Application ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Corrosive Environments

In this report, we propose a direct silica-coating technique to enhance the stability of silver nanoparticles as a doping additive to enhance the thermal conductivity phase change materials (PCM). Our experimental results show that a thin layer of silica can protect silver nanoparticles and help retain its intrinsic metallic properties, when subjected to harsh corrosive environments found in PCM media. Furthermore, PCM materials can be effectively used to cool the ambient temperature of a building room by up to ~1.2 degree Celsius. Our preliminary results demonstrate a real opportunity in air-conditioning energy-savings for buildings using enhanced PCM.

Life Cycle Assessment of the inclusion of phase change materials (PCM) in experimental buildings

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1517-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro de Gracia ◽  
Lídia Rincón ◽  
Albert Castell ◽  
Melanie Jiménez ◽  
Dieter Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Materials

Energy Impacts of Nonlinear Behavior of Phase Change Materials When Applied to Opaque Building Envelopes

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Cesar Tabares-Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Building Energy Simulation ◽  
Peak Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Research on phase change materials (PCM) as a potential technology to reduce peak loads and heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) energy use in buildings has been conducted for several decades, resulting in a great deal of literature on PCM properties, temperature, and peak reduction potential. However, there are few building energy simulation programs that include PCM modeling features, and very few of these have been validated. Additionally, there is no previous research that indicates the level of accuracy when modeling PCMs from a building energy simulation perspective. This study analyzes the effects a nonlinear enthalpy profile has on thermal performance and expected energy benefits for PCM-enhanced insulation. The impact of accurately modeling realistic, nonlinear enthalpy profiles for PCMs versus simpler profiles is analyzed based on peak load reduction and energy savings using the conduction finite difference (CondFD) algorithm in EnergyPlus. The PCM and CondFD models used in this study have been previously validated after intensive verification and validation done at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Overall, the results of this study show annual energy savings are not very sensitive to the linearization of enthalpy curve. However, hourly analysis shows that if simpler linear profiles are used, users should try to specify a melting range covering roughly 80% of the latent heat; otherwise, hourly results can differ by up to 20%.

scholarly journals Energy and Resource Efficient Production of Fluoroalkenes in High Temperature Microreactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mierdel ◽  
Andreas Jess ◽  
Thorsten Gerdes ◽  
Achim Schmidt ◽  
Klaus Hintzer
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
High Yields

Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) are the most common monomers for the synthesis of fluoropolymers at industrial scale. Currently, TFE is produced via multistep pyrolysis of chlorodifluoromethane (R22), resulting in a high energy demand and high amounts of waste acids, mainly HCl and HF. In this study, a new chlorine-free process for producing TFE and HFP in a microreactor is presented, starting from partially fluorinated alkanes obtained from electrochemical fluorination (ECF). In the microreactor, high conversion rates of CHF3, which is used as a surrogate of partly fluorinated ECF streams, and high yields of fluoromonomers could be achieved. The energy saving and the environmental impact are shown by a life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA confirms that the developed process has economical as well as ecological benefits, and is thus an interesting option for future industrial production of fluoroalkenes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document