scholarly journals Optical Radiation from an Electric Arc at Different Frequencies

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Nagi ◽  
Michał Kozioł ◽  
Jarosław Zygarlicki
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Optical Spectra ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Light Radiation ◽  
Ac Current

The article presents research on the electric arc generated by AC current at different frequencies. The measurement procedure and system are described. Optical spectra of the generated arc in the air were recorded using a spectrophotometer. Optical spectra for five frequencies were obtained. The article also presents the energy balance of the components of the registered spectrum. The visible changes in the spectra that depend on the frequency of the AC current generating the electric arc can be significant to the diagnostics of gas insulators. The research presented in the article can be used in multiple areas of technology where an electric arc is used. The influence of the frequency of the current supplying the electric arc on the electromagnetic radiation spectrum in the area of light radiation emitted by the electric arc allows for the construction of systems that can shape the desired characteristics of the electric arc.

scholarly journals Application of Optical Spectrophotometry for Analysis of Radiation Spectrum Emitted by Electric Arc in the Air

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Kozioł ◽  
Daria Wotzka ◽  
Tomasz Boczar ◽  
Paweł Frącz
Keyword(s):  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Constant Voltage ◽  
Copper Electrodes ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Optical Spectrophotometry

This paper presents the results of measurement and analysis of optical radiation emitted by a free burning electric arc. The aim was to determine the application possibilities of optical spectrophotometry for detection of electric arcs. The research works considered electric arc generated with a constant voltage supply between two copper electrodes in the air, carried out under laboratory conditions. A high resolution optical spectrophotometer was used for registration of optical radiation. The analyses involved determination of two dimensionless descriptors obtained for the gathered spectra. Moreover, for each of the registered intensity distributions, the energy values were calculated for three frequency ranges. Based on the measured signals, the possibility of application of spectrophotometry for the optical radiation analysis was confirmed. The analysis indicated that the most energy of optical radiation is detected for the range of 200–780 nm, while above 780 nm almost no optical energy is emitted. Spectrophotometric studies performed in the UV-NIR range are of interest since one can obtain information about the structural defects (at lower wavebands) or impurities and/or point defects (at low energies bands). It was also stated that the obtained descriptors may be applied for diagnosis and identification of electric arc purposes.

GENERATION AND PROPERTIES OF INFRARED RADIATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-137
Author(s):  
RUSTAM KHAKIMOVICH RAKHIMOV
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Scattering Of Light

The article presents the main basic laws of nature and modern theories of the nature of electromagnetic radiation, its generation, characteristics, and laws of reflection, absorption and scattering of light. The principle of transformation of the radiation spectrum of the primary source using the developed ceramic materials are shown, as well as experimental results of the interaction of IR radiation with matter and various mechanisms of influence on various objects and processes are described.

scholarly journals Continuous Off-gas Measurement and Energy Balance in Electric Arc Steelmaking

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 1587-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert KÜHN ◽  
Hans Günter GECK ◽  
Klaus SCHWERDTFEGER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Gas Measurement

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE ROLE OF RADIATION IN THE PLASMA OF ELECTRIC ARC DISCHARGE BETWEEN Cu-C COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
A. Veklich ◽  
S. Fesenko ◽  
A. Murmantsev ◽  
V. Boretskij
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Gaussian Approximation ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Plasma Temperature ◽  
Radiation Energy ◽  
Energy Balance Equation ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Electric Arc Discharge

This work is devoted to investigation of the radiation in the plasma of electric arc discharge between Cu-C composite electrodes and estimation of its contribution during the determination of electron density from the energy balance equation (Elenbaas-Heller). The contribution of radiation energy in heat transfer is estimated as well. The calculation is carried out based on the preliminary experimentally obtained radial distribution of plasma temperature. For the correct solution of the energy balance equation, a Gaussian approximation of the plasma temperature profile is used. Estimation of the total current was used as a criterion for the need to take into account the radiation in the diagnostics of electric arc plasma.

scholarly journals Cellular and tissue mechanisms for the action of low-intensity optical radiation on patients with diabetic foot syndrome

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Diabetic Foot Syndrome ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Therapeutic Action ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Spectrum Range

Introduction. The low-intensity visible and infrared radiation of lasers and LEDs is widely used in medicine for the treatment of a number of diseases, including in patients with diabetic foot syndrome. However, there is no consistency and certainty in the characteristics of radiation and the duration of exposure to achieve the best effect in a particular patient. The aim of the work is a systematic analysis of the literature on the influence of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the optical spectrum range on the healing of foot ulcers and the normalization of the condition of patients with diabetes, as well as the mechanisms of therapeutic action. Materials and methods. An analysis of medical publications based on the MedLine database for the period from 1995 to 2019 was carried out on this topic. Results. Based on the analysis of published works, the parameters of low intensity optical radiation are established that stimulate the healing of ulcers, the normalization of blood supply and innervation in patients with diabetic foot syndrome. The most probable mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of low intensity optical radiation with diabetic foot syndrome have been identified. Findings. A systematic analysis of the literature shows that low-intensity optical radiation from both lasers and LEDs causes a reaction at the cellular and tissue levels, which results in pronounced therapeutic effects, including the healing of ulcers in both experimental animals and patients with diabetic syndrome feet. The mechanisms of therapeutic action of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the optical spectrum range are biochemical rather than thermal. As a result of photochemical stimulation, the proliferation of cells, in particular fibroblasts, is accelerated, cellular respiration, production of collagen and growth factors are enhanced, macrophage activity and angiogenesis are activated, which leads to the cleansing of wounds and ulcers, the removal of inflammation, the normalization of microcirculation and the development of a new blood vessel system. period from 1995 to 2019 was carried out on this topic.

scholarly journals Kinematics, dynamics and energy balance of electric arc in a magnetic field

2019 ◽  
Vol 1394 ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
V A Bityurin ◽  
A N Bocharov ◽  
I A Moralev ◽  
T N Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Electric Arc

Possibility of using light technology in correction of age-related skin changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
J. Y. Yusova ◽  
D. V. Demidion ◽  
M. A. Avagumyan
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Light Radiation ◽  
Aesthetic Medicine ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technical Solutions

Light technologies are widely represented in aesthetic medicine and solve a wide range of problems. To date, broadband light radiation or IPL-effect is actively studied and studies of various spectra of waves on the skin continue, which indicates the relevance of the problem. The article presents the latest trends in the use of hardware light technologies and technical solutions for the correction of aesthetic problems depending on the radiation spectrum, which allows to assign the necessary treatment differentially and solve problems depending on individual characteristics.

scholarly journals Development of a Mass and Energy Balance Model and Its Application for HBI Charged EAFs

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Niloofar Arzpeyma ◽  
Rutger Gyllenram ◽  
Pär G. Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Slag Composition ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Energy Balance Model ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Metal Oxidation ◽  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
Hot Briquetted Iron

A static mass and energy balance model combined with a MgO saturation slag model is developed for electric arc furnaces. The model parameters including distribution ratios and dust factors are calibrated for a specific furnace using experimental data. Afterward, the model is applied to study the effect of charging different amounts of hot briquetted iron (HBI) on energy consumption, charged slag former amount, and slag composition. The following results were obtained per each 1% increase of HBI additions: (i) a 0.16 Nm3/t decrease in the amount of injected oxygen for metal oxidation, (ii) a 1.29 kWh/t increase in the electricity consumption, and (iii) a 34 kg increase in the amount of the slag.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Optical Radiation Emitted by Electric Arc Generated at AC and DC Voltage

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Nagi ◽  
Michał Kozioł ◽  
Jarosław Zygarlicki
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Dc Voltage ◽  
Welding Arc ◽  
Near Infrared Spectra ◽  
Electrical Devices ◽  
And Control ◽  
Physical Phenomena

The article presents a comparison of the spectra of electromagnetic radiation emitted by an electric arc. The spectrum ranges from ultraviolet through visible light to near infrared. Spectra from electric arcs were compared for different frequencies of generating current and for direct current. Characteristic peaks for each measurement were described, and the percentage of individual components of light emitted through the arc was presented. An electric arc is an undesirable phenomenon in many areas, and its detection and control depends largely on its source. There are also areas where an electric arc is used. A better understanding of the physical phenomena involved in different arcs can help optimize the use of the electric arc. Safety and economy through the elimination of parasitic energy shares i.e., in the welding arc can be based on the control of the arc by controlling its optical spectrum. The optical method used in this study is one of the methods of electrical discharge detection in electrical devices and systems.

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