scholarly journals Adaptive Droop Gain-Based Event-Triggered Consensus Reactive Power Sharing in Microgrids

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1152
Author(s):  
Linyun Xiong ◽  
Penghan Li ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Sunhua Huang ◽  
Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Communication Reduction ◽  
Event Triggered

This paper proposes an adaptive droop gain-based consensus approach for reactive power sharing in microgrids (MGs) with the event triggered communication protocol (ETCP). A multi-agent system-based network is constructed to establish the communication with distributed generators (DGs) in MGs. An ETCP is proposed to reduce the communication among agents to save resources and improve system reliability, as the communication is only needed when the event triggered condition is fulfilled. A stability analysis is conducted to guarantee the existence of the equilibrium point and the freeness of the Zeno solution. Moreover, an adaptive droop gain is designed to reduce the impact of imbalanced feeder impedances. Four case studies are conducted to verify the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the ETCP-based approach is capable of achieving power sharing consensus, communication reduction and shifting the information exchange mode based on the operation scenarios.

scholarly journals A novel distributed event-triggered control for reactive power sharing based on hierarchical structure in islanded microgrid

2020 ◽  
pp. 002029402092475
Author(s):  
Yingwen Long ◽  
Yanxiang Zhu ◽  
Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Centralized Control ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
Distributed Generator ◽  
Islanded Microgrid ◽  
Event Triggered

Due to line impedance mismatches, nonlinear loads and other reasons, the traditional droop control algorithms have great limitations on the control of reactive power sharing. Distributed control algorithms based on hierarchical structure have become an effective approach for reactive power sharing compared with traditional centralized control methods. In this paper, an event-triggered control algorithm based on stability analysis of Lyapunov method is put forward in order to satisfy the demand of low-bandwidth communication for distributed generator in islanded microgrid. Subsequently, a distributed hierarchical control scheme adopting proposed event-triggered strategy is designed to achieve proportional reactive power sharing in an islanded microgrid. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm are further verified in MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Information Exchange, Responsiveness and Logistics Provider Performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore P. Stank ◽  
Patricia J. Daugherty ◽  
Alexander E. Ellinger
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Provider Performance ◽  
Logistics Services ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The impact of information exchange on suppliers' performance is investigated in the context of trade relationships formed between manufacturers and third party providers of international logistics services. A conceptual model that predicts the important linkages among information exchange, responsiveness and performance is introduced and tested. The research shows that information exchange positively affects customers' perceptions of third party logistics providers' performance; information exchange also positively affects logistics providers' service responsiveness; and logistics provider responsiveness affects customers' perceptions of the providers' performance. These linkages provide a fuller understanding of why and how information exchange influences manufacturers' perceptions of the performance of third party logistics providers. Logistics providers that used information obtained from trading partners to develop more responsive operations were viewed as better performers.

scholarly journals Power Management of Microgrid under Islanded and Grid Connected Mode of Operation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2784-2786
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Power Profile ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Power management is a feature that permits users to manage the quantity of electric power consumed by the underlying devices, with smallest impact on performance of the system irrespective of its mode of operation. It permits the switch of devices in varied power modes with totally different power usage characteristics associated with device performance. Particularly in island or off grid mode, a microgrid plays vital role by integrating different sources of distributed generation (DG) and Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Typically plants run in synchronization with grid. Anyway normally plants have their islanding mode empowered, which can mechanically island or segregate the plant if there's some outside unsettling influence inside the grid. This paper is concerned with the dynamic and reactive power sharing of DGs with change in load. Here the power profile of three distributed energy resources are obtained with the impact of variable load and all the results are obtained by using MATLAB simulink

The Impact of Training on Human–Autonomy Team Communications and Trust Calibration

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872082110473
Author(s):  
Craig J. Johnson ◽  
Mustafa Demir ◽  
Nathan J. McNeese ◽  
Jamie C. Gorman ◽  
Alexandra T. Wolff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Autonomous Agent ◽  
Team Communication ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Coordination Training ◽  
Human Autonomy ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Task Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Objective This work examines two human–autonomy team (HAT) training approaches that target communication and trust calibration to improve team effectiveness under degraded conditions. Background Human–autonomy teaming presents challenges to teamwork, some of which may be addressed through training. Factors vital to HAT performance include communication and calibrated trust. Method Thirty teams of three, including one confederate acting as an autonomous agent, received either entrainment-based coordination training, trust calibration training, or control training before executing a series of missions operating a simulated remotely piloted aircraft. Automation and autonomy failures simulating degraded conditions were injected during missions, and measures of team communication, trust, and task efficiency were collected. Results Teams receiving coordination training had higher communication anticipation ratios, took photos of targets faster, and overcame more autonomy failures. Although autonomy failures were introduced in all conditions, teams receiving the calibration training reported that their overall trust in the agent was more robust over time. However, they did not perform better than the control condition. Conclusions Training based on entrainment of communications, wherein introduction of timely information exchange through one team member has lasting effects throughout the team, was positively associated with improvements in HAT communications and performance under degraded conditions. Training that emphasized the shortcomings of the autonomous agent appeared to calibrate expectations and maintain trust. Applications Team training that includes an autonomous agent that models effective information exchange may positively impact team communication and coordination. Training that emphasizes the limitations of an autonomous agent may help calibrate trust.

scholarly journals Consensus Control of Distributed Energy Resources in a Multi-Bus Microgrid for Reactive Power Sharing and Voltage Control

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yu ◽  
Di Shi ◽  
Guangyue Xu ◽  
Xiaobin Guo ◽  
Zhen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Consensus Control ◽  
Distributed Generator ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
Control Framework ◽  
Major Factors

The hierarchical control architecture, including layers of primary, secondary and tertiary controls, is becoming the standard operating paradigm for microgrids (MGs). Two major factors that limit the adoption of existing hierarchical control in microgrid are the low accuracy in reactive power sharing and the requirement for complex communication infrastructure. This paper addresses this problem by proposing a novel distributed primary and secondary control for distributed generators dispersed in a multi-bus microgrid. The proposed method realizes voltage control and accurate reactive power sharing in a distributed manner using minimum communication. Each distributed generator only needs its own information and minimum information from its neighboring units. Topology of the network can be flexible which supports the plug-and-play feature of microgrids. In a distribution system, high R/X ratio and system imbalance can no longer be neglected and thus the sequence component analysis and virtual impedance are implemented in the proposed control framework. The proposed framework is validated by simulation results on a MG testbed modified from the IEEE 13-bus distribution system.

scholarly journals Autonomous microgrid based parallel inverters using droop controller for improved power sharing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2302-2310
Author(s):  
Siddaraj Siddaraj ◽  
Udaykumar R. Yaragatti ◽  
Nagendrappa H. ◽  
Vikash Kumar Jhunjhunwala
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Inverters ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
Current Controller ◽  
Power Frequency

The existing microgrid has become a challenge to the sustainable energy source to provide a better quality of power to the consumer. To build a reliable and efficient microgrid, designing a droop controller for the microgrid is of utmost importance. In this paper, multiple voltage source inverters connected in parallel using an active power-frequency/reactive power-voltage droop scheme. The proposed method connected to two distributed generators local controllers, where each unit consists of a droop controller with an inner voltage-current controller and a virtual droop controller. By adding this controller to the microgrid reliability and load adaptability of an islanded system can be improved. This concept applied without any real-time communication to the microgrid. Thus, simulated using MATLAB/Simulink, the obtained results prove the effectiveness of the autonomous operation's microgrid model.

Effective Communication-Based Reactive Power Sharing Scheme for Meshed Microgrid in an Islanded Mode

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anitha Daniel ◽  
Suchitra Dayalan
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Islanded Mode ◽  
Radial Network ◽  
Virtual Impedance

Microgrids (MGs) are the most sought out and feasible solution for the present energy crisis. MG is a group of Distributed Generators (DGs) interacting with each other to provide energy to a defined local area. The inclusion of DGs into the conventional power system at various voltage levels has altered the topology of the power system and their control techniques. Hence, the MGs can no longer be considered as a traditional radial network but rather a meshed network. The control and operation of such practical MGs become a challenge, especially when operated in the islanded mode. This research paper considers a realistic meshed MG operating in an islanded mode for study. In an islanded MG, the issues of real and reactive power sharing among DGs are addressed so that the power contribution of each DG is proportional to its rating, thus preventing overload and ensuring reliable operation. A communication-based virtual impedance estimation is proposed in addition to the droop controller for proportionate real and reactive power sharing among DGs in a meshed MG. With the increased complexity of meshed MG, the proposed communication-based control scheme offers an efficient reactive power sharing between DGs without the feeder and network impedance requirements. A MATLAB simulation study proves the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for a meshed MG with equal DG ratings and unequal DG ratings under changing load conditions.

An Improved Virtual Capacitor Algorithm for Reactive Power Sharing in Multi-Paralleled Distributed Generators

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 10786-10795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haizhen Xu ◽  
Changzhou Yu ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Qinglong Wang ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Distributed Generators

scholarly journals Coordinated single-phase control scheme for voltage unbalance reduction in low voltage network

2017 ◽  
Vol 375 (2100) ◽  
pp. 20160308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Pullaguram ◽  
Sukumar Mishra ◽  
Nilanjan Senroy
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Voltage Unbalance ◽  
Line Configuration ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Proper Power

Low voltage (LV) distribution systems are typically unbalanced in nature due to unbalanced loading and unsymmetrical line configuration. This situation is further aggravated by single-phase power injections. A coordinated control scheme is proposed for single-phase sources, to reduce voltage unbalance. A consensus-based coordination is achieved using a multi-agent system, where each agent estimates the averaged global voltage and current magnitudes of individual phases in the LV network. These estimated values are used to modify the reference power of individual single-phase sources, to ensure system-wide balanced voltages and proper power sharing among sources connected to the same phase. Further, the high X / R ratio of the filter, used in the inverter of the single-phase source, enables control of reactive power, to minimize voltage unbalance locally. The proposed scheme is validated by simulating a LV distribution network with multiple single-phase sources subjected to various perturbations. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Energy management: flexibility, risk and optimization’.

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