scholarly journals Application of a Model-Based Controller for Improving Internal Combustion Engines Fuel Economy

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Castiglione ◽  
Pietropaolo Morrone ◽  
Luigi Falbo ◽  
Diego Perrone ◽  
Sergio Bova
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Coolant Flow ◽  
Coolant Flow Rate ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Model Based

Improvements in internal combustion engine efficiency can be achieved with proper thermal management. In this work, a simulation tool for the preliminary analysis of the engine cooling control is developed and a model-based controller, which enforces the coolant flow rate by means of an electrically driven pump is presented. The controller optimizes the coolant flow rate under each engine operating condition to guarantee that the engine temperatures and the coolant boiling levels are kept inside prescribed constraints, which guarantees efficient and safe engine operation. The methodology is validated at the experimental test rig. Several control strategies are analyzed during a standard homologation cycle and a comparison of the proposed methodology and the adoption of the standard belt-driven pump is provided. The results show that, according to the control strategy requirements, a fuel consumption reduction of up to about 8% with respect to the traditional cooling system can be achieved over a whole driving cycle. This proves that the proposed methodology is a useful tool for appropriately cooling the engine under the whole range of possible operating conditions.

Exhaust Pressure Estimation and Its Application to Detection and Isolation of Turbocharger System Faults for Internal Combustion Engines

2011 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Yun Wang ◽  
Ibrahim Haskara
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Recirculation Flow ◽  
Model Based

Engine exhaust backpressure is a critical parameter in the calculation of the volumetric efficiency and exhaust gas recirculation flow of an internal combustion engine. The backpressure also needs to be controlled to a presetting limit under high speed and load engine operating conditions to avoid damaging a turbocharger. In this paper, a method is developed to estimate exhaust pressure for internal combustion engines equipped with variable geometry turbochargers. The method uses a model-based approach that applies a coordinate transformation to generate a turbine map for the estimation of exhaust pressure. This estimation can substitute for an expensive pressure sensor, thus saving significant cost for production vehicles. On the other hand, for internal combustion engines that have already installed exhaust pressure sensors, this estimation can be used to generate residual signals for model-based diagnostics. Cumulative sum algorithms are applied to residuals based on multiple sensor fusion, and with the help of signal processing, the algorithms are able to detect and isolate critical failure modes of a turbocharger system.

Engine thermomanagement with electrical components for fuel consumption reduction

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Cortona ◽  
C. H. Onder ◽  
L Guzzella
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Coolant Temperature ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Model Based

This paper proposes a solution for advanced temperature control of the relevant temperature of a combustion engine. It analyses the possibility of reducing vehicle fuel consumption by improving engine thermomanagement. In conventional applications, combustion engine cooling systems are designed to guarantee sufficient heat removal at full load. The cooling pump is belt-driven by the combustion engine crankshaft, resulting in a direct coupling of engine and cooling pump speeds. It is dimensioned such that it can guarantee adequate performance over the full engine speed range. This causes an excessive flow of cooling fluid at part-load conditions and at engine cold-start. This negatively affects the engine efficiency and, as a consequence, the overall fuel consumption. Moreover, state-of-the-art cooling systems allow the control of the coolant temperature only by expansion thermostats (solid-to-liquid phase wax actuators). The resulting coolant temperature does not permit engine efficiency to be optimized. In this paper, active control of the coolant flow as well as of the coolant temperature has been realized using an electrical cooling pump and an electrically driven valve which controls the flow distribution between the radiator and its bypass. For this purpose, a control-oriented model of the whole cooling system has been derived. Model-based feedforward and feedback controls of coolant temperature and flow have been designed and tested. With the additional actuators and the model-based control scheme, a good performance in terms of fast heat-up and small temperature overshoot has been achieved. The improvements in fuel consumption obtained with the proposed configuration have been verified on a dynamic testbench. Both engine cold-start under stationary engine operation and the European driving cycle MVEG-A with engine cold-start were tested. The fuel consumption reductions achieved during these tests vary between 2.8 and 4.5 per cent, depending on the engine operating conditions. Compared to vehicle mass reduction or internal engine improvements, engine thermomanagement is a simple, flexible and cost efficient solution for improving system performance, i.e. fuel consumption.

scholarly journals The influence of internal catalyst on exhaust emission in dynamic conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Pielecha ◽  
Monika Andrych-Zalewska
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact

The article discusses the use of an internal catalyst, which allows to reduce the emission of harmful compounds during internal combustion engine operation. This is a type of exhaust aftertreatment system; however, its placement inside the combustion chamber, and thus closest to the combustion process, allows reducing the pollution at the source (the catalyst was sprayed on the glow plugs). This is necessary because vehicle pollution reduction is a key aspect of reducing the negative environmental impact of transport. The presented research results are a part of a wider research scheme, on the evaluation of the internal catalyst impact in various engine operating conditions – starting from static tests (on an engine dynamometer), through dynamic dynamometer tests, and ending with vehicle road tests in real driving conditions. The use of an internal catalyst during dynamic tests results in a few percent reduction in the mass of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and the number of particulates in the considered measurement test. It is technically possible to introduce this kind of a technical solution in most vehicles with Diesel engines, thus resulting in improved ecological properties of internal combustion engines.

Application of precision chronometric technologies for monitoring deviations in the internal combustion engine operation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.T. Plaksina ◽  
A.B. Syritsky ◽  
A.S. Komshin
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Angle Sensor ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Working Cycle

The article considers the main methods of internal combustion engine diagnostics. A method based on measuring the time intervals between the phases of the working cycle of the mechanism is described. An algorithm for measuring the time intervals from the formulation of the problem to the proof of the efficiency of this method on an internal combustion engine has been determined. The installation of the angle sensor on the crankshaft of the experimental bench engine VAZ 21126 is shown. The basis for the construction of a mathematical model of the crankshaft is presented and the main factors influencing its movement are identified. A criterion has been established according to which the misfire is determined most accurately. The results obtained can be used for developing diagnostic systems for internal combustion engines, as well as engines operating in extreme conditions, for example, beyond the Arctic Circle, on ships, etc.

On-board online evaluation of the charge density in internal combustion engines through electrical discharge characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
Nir Druker ◽  
Gideon Goldwine ◽  
Eran Sher
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Cycle Basis ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Propulsion Unit

We propose here a new method to evaluate the mixture charge density inside the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. This is an important parameter that is needed to optimize the spark timing and the amount of fuel that is introduced to the cylinder at each cycle, thus optimizing the engine operation for higher power, lower brake-specific fuel consumption, or lower pollutants’ emission at any altitude/ambient conditions. The evaluation of the charge density is performed at each cycle (on a cycle-to-cycle basis) by using the voltage–current characteristics of the spark plug gap. This real-time evaluation method may save two of the present in-use temperature and pressure gages, thus considerably increasing the reliability of the propulsion unit. Owing to the expected higher system reliability and system simplicity, small unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as small automotive engines of various types, may significantly benefit from this proposed method. The method principles, rationale, and some preliminary results are presented.

Effect of IC Engine Operating Conditions on Combustion and Emission Characteristics

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Lu ◽  
Ashwani K. Gupta ◽  
Eugene L. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
Good Agreement

Numerical simulation of flow, combustion, heat release rate, and pollutants emission characteristics have been obtained using a single cylinder internal combustion engine operating with propane as the fuel. The data show that for good agreement with experimental results on the peak pressure and the rate of pressure rise as a function of crank angle, spark ignition energy and local cylinder pressure must be properly modeled. The results obtained for NO and CO showed features which are qualitatively in good agreement and are similar to those reported in the literature for the chosen combustion chamber geometry. The results have shown that both the combustion chamber geometry and engine operating parameters affects the flame growth within the combustion chamber which subsequently affects the pollutants emission levels. The code employed the time marching procedure and solves the governing partial differential equations of multicomponent chemically reacting fluid flow by finite difference method. The numerical results provide a cost effective means of developing advanced internal combustion engine chamber geometry design that provides high efficiency and low pollution levels. It is expected that increased computational tools will be used in the future for enhancing our understanding of the detailed combustion process in internal combustion engines and all other energy conversion systems. Such detailed information is critical for the development of advanced methods for energy conservation and environmental pollution control.

On the Pressure Relief Valve for the Lubrication System of an Internal Combustion Engine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Giuffrida ◽  
Rosario Lanzafame
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Pressure Relief Valve ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Lubrication System ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Oil Flow

The lubrication system for automotive internal combustion engines consists of several components. Oil flow rate for lubrication is generated by a positive displacement pump equipped with a pressure relief valve, usually present in the casing of the pump to prevent high oil pressures building up in the system and to deliver to the sump the exceeding generated flow rate. This study focuses on the static and dynamic characteristics of the pressure relief valve with considerations about the stability of the overall system, according to design parameters of both the valve and the system itself.

Behavior Prediction Model in Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines Turbocharged for Genset Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Duarte Forero ◽  
German Amador Diaz ◽  
Fabio Blanco Castillo ◽  
Lesme Corredor Martinez ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Methane Number

In this paper, a mathematical model is performed in order to analyze the effect of the methane number (MN) on knock tendency when spark ignition internal combustion engine operate with gaseous fuels produced from different thermochemical processes. The model was validated with experimental data reported in literature and the results were satisfactory. A general correlation for estimating the autoignition time of gaseous fuels in function of cylinder temperature, and pressure, equivalence ratio and methane number of the fuel was carried out. Livengood and Wu correlation is used to predict autoignition in function of the crank angle. This criterium is a way to predict the autoignition tendency of a fuel/air mixture under engine conditions and consider the ignition delay. A chemical equilibrium model which considers 98 chemical species was used in this research in order to simulate the combustion of the gaseous fuels at differents engine operating conditions. The effect of spark advance, equivalence ratio, methane number (MN), charge (inlet pressure) and inlet temperature (manifold temperature) on engine knocking is evaluated. This work, explore the feasibility of using syngas with low methane number as fuel for commercial internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals The concept of a new refrigerant in combustion engines in aspect of the requirements of modern drive systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Mateusz SZRAMOWIAT
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Drive Systems

The article presents currently applied construction solutions for currently used cooling systems for internal combustion engines. There were presented their defects and possible development directions were indicated. On this basis the concept of a cooling system which will enable the improvement of heat exchange in the internal combustion engine has been proposed.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF AUTOMATION OF THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES OF THE YAMZ-238 FAMILY

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Dmytro Borysiuk ◽  
Viacheslav Zelinskyi ◽  
Igor Tverdokhlib ◽  
Yurii Polievoda
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inverse Transformation ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Functional Relationships

Constructive improvement of mobile energy means, in particular their main unit - the internal combustion engine, is directed on: maintenance of differentiation of size of parameters of functioning of mechanisms of systems depending on variability of conditions and modes of operation of cars; increase of technical resource at use of cars on purpose in the set operating conditions. The existing methods and tools for diagnosing vehicle engines do not fully determine their current technical condition, which requires the development of mathematical models to automate the process of diagnosing their components and parts was found іn the analysis of literature sources. The object of diagnosis is a diesel internal combustion engine of the YaMZ-238 family, which is part of the power unit of most vehicles. Mathematical model of automation of the process of diagnosing internal combustion engines of the YaMZ-238 family is presents in the article. Replacing real technical devices with their idealized models allows the widespread use of various mathematical methods. In this case, the internal combustion engine of the YaMZ-238 family, as the object of diagnosis, is presented in the form of a «black box», the input and output parameters of which have a finite set of values. In general, the mathematical model is a system of functional relationships between each diagnostic signal and structural parameters. For internal combustion engines of the YaMZ-238 family, a diagnostic matrix has been compiled, which includes a list of faults and signs of faults. It is determined that the process of diagnosis based on the model of the diagnostic object is possible if the inverse transformation of the number of signs of malfunctions into the number of structural parameters (malfunctions) of the object was unambiguous. The proposed mathematical model of automation of the process of diagnosing internal combustion engines of the family YaMZ-238 will detect faults of components and parts depending on their characteristics.

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