scholarly journals Aldehydes-Aided Lignin-First Deconstruction Strategy for Facilitating Lignin Monomers and Fermentable Glucose Production from Poplar Wood

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Tian-Ying Chen ◽  
Cheng-Ye Ma ◽  
Dou-Yong Min ◽  
Chuan-Fu Liu ◽  
Shao-Ni Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Biomass Deconstruction ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Value Added Products

In this study, lignin with fine structures and facile enzymatic saccharifying residue were successively dissociated based on the lignin-first biomass deconstruction strategy. In the lignin-first process, aldehyde-protected lignin fractions were firstly isolated by acid-catalyzed dioxane extraction in the presence of formaldehyde (FA) and acetaldehyde (AA) and then analyzed by advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The optimized hydrogenolysis of the extracted lignin (LFA and LAA) resulted in a high yield (42.57% and 33.00%) of lignin monomers with high product selectivity (mainly 2,6-dimethoxy-4-propylphenol) (39.93% and 46.61%). Moreover, the cellulose-rich residues were saccharified into fermentable glucose for bioethanol production. The glucose yield of the substrate (RAA) reached to 75.12%, which was significantly higher than that (15.4%) of the substrate (RFA). In short, the lignin-first biomass deconstruction by adding AA is a promising and sustainable process for producing value-added products (energy and fine chemicals) from lignocellulosic biomass.

scholarly journals Biorefining Oat Husks into High-Quality Lignin and Enzymatically Digestible Cellulose with Acid-Catalyzed Ethanol Organosolv Pretreatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Rushab Chopda ◽  
Jorge A. Ferreira ◽  
Mohammad J. Taherzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Organosolv Pretreatment ◽  
Lignocellulosic Residues ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Value Added Products

Oat husks are low-value lignocellulosic residues of oat processing that carry an environmental impact. Their polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) can be converted into a wide variety of value-added products; however, efficient pretreatment methods are needed that allow their fine separation for further tailored valorization. This study pioneered the use of milling-free and low acid-catalyzed ethanol organosolv for the delignification of oat husks, allowing their conversion into three high-quality streams, namely, glucan-rich, lignin-rich, and hemicellulosic compound-rich streams. Temperature, retention time, and solid-to-liquid ratio were found to impact the delignification of oat husks when using a one-factor-at-a-time strategy. The ideal conditions that were found (210 °C, 90 min, and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:2) culminated into glucan and lignin fractions containing 74.5% ± 11.4% glucan and 74.9% ± 7.6% lignin, respectively. These high-purity lignin fractions open the possibility for higher value applications by lignin, potentially impacting the feasibility of second generation biorefineries. The glucan fraction showed 90% digestibility after 48 h of hydrolysis with 10 filter paper units of enzyme cocktail per gram of glucan. Considering the absence of size reduction and high solid loading, together with the quality of the obtained streams, organosolv pretreatment could be a potential strategy for the valorization of oat lignocellulosic residues.

scholarly journals Acid-Catalyzed Conversion of Cellulose Into Levulinic Acid With Biphasic Solvent System

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyue Ma ◽  
Bo Cai ◽  
Le Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Feng ◽  
Hui Pan
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In this work, acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose into levulinic acid in a biphasic solvent system was developed. Compared to a series of catalysts investigated in this study, the Amberlyst-15 as a more efficient acid catalyst was used in the hydrolysis of cellulose and further dehydration of derived intermediates into levulinic acid. Besides, the mechanism of biphasic solvent system in the conversion of cellulose was studied in detail, and the results showed biphasic solvent system can promote the conversion of cellulose and suppress the polymerization of the by-products (such as lactic acid).The reaction conditions, such as temperature, time, and catalyst loading were changed to investigate the effect on the yield of levulinic acid. The results indicated that an appealing LA yield of 59.24% was achieved at 200°C and 180 min with a 2:1 ratio of Amberlyst-15 catalyst and cellulose in GVL/H2O under N2 pressure. The influence of different amounts of NaCl addition to this reaction was also investigated. This study provides an economical and environmental-friendly method for the acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose and high yield of the value-added chemical.

Preparation of new Environmental Materials from Poplar Wood as Raw Material

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1964-1967
Author(s):  
Zhen Jia ◽  
Yi Xing Liu ◽  
Guo Liang Li
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Environmental Materials ◽  
Value Added Products

The objective of this paper is to use the modified nano-calcium carbonate compositing directly or sol-gel compositing with poplar wood by the vacuum infusion methods to prepare new environmental materials. This paper introduces promotion effects of nano-technology on the development of fast-growing poplar wood, the problems and research of fast-growing poplar wood compositing with nano-materials. By preparing the new environmental materials, we implement the use of plantation timber to produce high value-added products, and the use of a variety of nano-technology to improve the performances of wood, and improve timber utilization.

scholarly journals A Review on the Transformation of Furfural Residue for Value-Added Products

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sun ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Yuyingnan Liu ◽  
Xianghui Meng ◽  
Jingbo Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Furfural Residue ◽  
Strong Acidity ◽  
High Treatment ◽  
Furfural Production ◽  
At Will ◽  
Value Added Products

As a by-product of lignocellulosic depolymerization for furfural production, furfural residue (FR) is composed of residual cellulose, lignin, humic acid, and other small amounts of materials, which have high reuse value. However, due to the limitation of furfural production scale and production technology, the treatment of FR has many problems such as high yield, concentrated stacking, strong acidity, and difficult degradation. This leads to the limited treatment methods and high treatment cost of furfural residue. At present, most of the furfural enterprises can only be piled up at will, buried in soil, or directly burned. The air, soil, and rivers are polluted and the ecological balance is destroyed. Therefore, how to deal with furfural residue reasonably needs to be solved. In this review, value-added products for furfural residue conversion are described in detail in the fields of soil culture, catalytic hydrolysis, thermal decomposition, and porous adsorption. The future studies reporting the FR to convert value-added products could find guidance from this review to achieve specific goals.

scholarly journals Controllable Carbonization of Plastic Waste into Three-Dimensional Porous Carbon Nanosheets by Combined Catalyst for High Performance Capacitor

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Mu ◽  
Yunhui Li ◽  
Xiaoguang Liu ◽  
Changde Ma ◽  
Hanqing Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Social Life ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
A Current ◽  
Value Added Products

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic has been extensively used in our social life, but its poor biodegradability has led to serious environmental pollution and aroused worldwide concern. Up to now, various strategies have been proposed to address the issue, yet such strategies remain seriously impeded by many obstacles. Herein, waste PET plastic was selectively carbonized into three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon nanosheets (PCS) with high yield of 36.4 wt%, to be further hybridized with MnO2 nanoflakes to form PCS-MnO2 composites. Due to the introduction of an appropriate amount of MnO2 nanoflakes, the resulting PCS-MnO2 composite exhibited a specific capacitance of 210.5 F g−1 as well as a high areal capacitance of 0.33 F m−2. Furthermore, the PCS-MnO2 composite also showed excellent cycle stability (90.1% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles under a current density of 10 A g−1). The present study paved an avenue for the highly efficient recycling of PET waste into high value-added products (PCSs) for electrochemical energy storage.

A larch based biorefinery: pre-extraction and extract fermentation to lactic acid

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Hörhammer ◽  
Sara Walton ◽  
Adriaan van Heiningen
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Larch Wood ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Value Added Products

Abstract In a forest based biorefinery, pulp and paper are the main products, while side-streams are utilized for value-added products. One biorefinery concept is to remove hemicelluloses from wood by extraction prior to pulping and converting them into biofuels or chemicals. This study presents a concept of a larch wood based biorefinery and focuses on the mass balance of pre-extraction. Sugar rich extracts were obtained by hot water extraction of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Lebed.) wood chips at different temperatures and times. At 160°C and 60–90 min the extract contains 13–16% hemicelluloses (on wood). The composition of extracts and extracted wood has been determined to have a basis for mass balances. Fermentation of the hydrolyzed extract with Bacillus coagulans MXL-9 resulted in consumption of all C6 and C5 sugars and produced lactic acid in high yield. In an earlier work, it was demonstrated that water pre-extraction of larch chips followed by polysulfide-anthraquinone (PSAQ) pulping still produced a good papermaking pulp at a yield comparable to the corresponding non-extracted kraft pulp. Accordingly, the present results show that a larch wood based biorefinery has a potential for industrial application.

scholarly journals Exploring the Potential of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam)

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-117
Author(s):  
Sophie Nansereko ◽  
John. H. Muyonga
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Food System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Value Added Products

Background: Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) is widely cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical areas worldwide. The tree is highly productive, resilient, and requires minimal care. Jackfruit has a characteristic flavour and is highly versatile. Several studies report the importance of the tree and fruits, ranging from food and medicine to the provision of several value-added products. In spite of the many benefits the plant offers, it has not been sufficiently incorporated in the general food system, partly because of gaps in processing, distribution and knowledge about utilization methods and nutritional and nutraceutical value. Objective: A comprehensive literature search was done to highlight jackfruit's nutritional, health, and commercial benefits to promote its utilization. Methodology: The literature search was conducted using three electronic databases with no constraints on publication year. Over 200 studies on the nutritional properties of jackfruit and at least 105 articles on the use of the various parts of the jack tree for their anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic effects were found. Findings: Jackfruit has vital nutrients, including phytochemicals, minerals, vitamins,  carbohydrates, and proteins. The literature on utilization shows that the fruit can be processed into commercial products using minimal processing technologies, dried to extend product shelf-life, or processed into various value-added products. Conclusions: Jackfruit production and value addition are relatively under-developed despite the fruit tree’s high yield potential, high nutritional value, nutraceutical and techno-functional properties. For improved benefits from jackfruit, actors need to adopt the available technologies at different value chain nodes.

OPPORTUNITIES FOR STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-ECONOMY IN THE FOOD AND TOURISM INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1681-1684
Author(s):  
Georgi Toskov ◽  
Ana Yaneva ◽  
Stanko Stankov ◽  
Hafize Fidan
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Foreign Brands ◽  
Value Added Products

The European Commission defines the bioeconomy as "the production of renewable biological resources and the conversion of these resources and waste streams into value added products, such as food, feed, bio-based products and bioenergy. Its sectors and industries have strong innovation potential due to their use of a wide range of sciences, enabling and industrial technologies, along with local and implied knowledge." The Bulgarian food industry faces a lot of challenges on the local and national level, which have direct influence on the structure of the production companies. Most of the enterprises from the food sector produce under foreign brands in order to be flexible partners to the large Bulgarian retail chains. The small companies from the food sector are not able to develop as an independent competitive producer on the territory of their local markets. This kind of companies rarely has a working strategy for positioning on new markets. In order to consolidate their already built positions for long period of time, the producers are trying to optimize their operations in a short term. However, the unclear vision of the companies for the business segment does not allow them to fully develop. Tourism in Bulgaria is a significant contributor to the country's economy.

Oxidized indium with transformable dimensions for CO2 electroreduction toward formate aided by oxygen vacancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 3726-3731
Author(s):  
Fenghui Ye ◽  
Jinghui Gao ◽  
Yilin Chen ◽  
Yunming Fang
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Value Added Products

Electroreduction of CO2 into value-added products is a promising technique in which the structure of the catalyst plays a crucial role.

scholarly journals β-Galactosidases from a Sequence-Based Metagenome: Cloning, Expression, Purification and Characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
María Florencia Eberhardt ◽  
José Matías Irazoqui ◽  
Ariel Fernando Amadio
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Cazy Database ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Value Added Products

Stabilization ponds are a common treatment technology for wastewater generated by dairy industries. Large proportions of cheese whey are thrown into these ponds, creating an environmental problem because of the large volume produced and the high biological and chemical oxygen demands. Due to its composition, mainly lactose and proteins, it can be considered as a raw material for value-added products, through physicochemical or enzymatic treatments. β-Galactosidases (EC 3.2.1.23) are lactose modifying enzymes that can transform lactose in free monomers, glucose and galactose, or galactooligosacharides. Here, the identification of novel genes encoding β-galactosidases, identified via whole-genome shotgun sequencing of the metagenome of dairy industries stabilization ponds is reported. The genes were selected based on the conservation of catalytic domains, comparing against the CAZy database, and focusing on families with β-galactosidases activity (GH1, GH2 and GH42). A total of 394 candidate genes were found, all belonging to bacterial species. From these candidates, 12 were selected to be cloned and expressed. A total of six enzymes were expressed, and five cleaved efficiently ortho-nitrophenyl-β-galactoside and lactose. The activity levels of one of these novel β-galactosidase was higher than other enzymes reported from functional metagenomics screening and higher than the only enzyme reported from sequence-based metagenomics. A group of novel mesophilic β-galactosidases from diary stabilization ponds’ metagenomes was successfully identified, cloned and expressed. These novel enzymes provide alternatives for the production of value-added products from dairy industries’ by-products.

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