scholarly journals Conceptualizing Household Energy Metabolism: A Methodological Contribution

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adél Strydom ◽  
Josephine Kaviti Musango ◽  
Paul K. Currie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
National Level ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Urban Metabolism ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Urban Energy

Urban metabolism assessments enable the quantification of resource flows, which is useful for finding intervention points for sustainability. At a household level, energy metabolism assessments can reveal intervention points to reshape household energy consumption and inform decision-makers about a more sustainable urban energy system. However, a gap in the current urban metabolism research reveals that existing household energy consumption studies focus on outflows in the form of greenhouse gas emissions, and have been mostly undertaken at the city or national level. To address this gap, this study developed a method to assess household energy metabolism focusing on direct energy inflows in the form of carriers, and through-flows in the form of services, to identify intervention points for sustainability. Then, this method was applied to assess the energy metabolism of different households in Cape Town, South Africa, as categorized by income groups. The study argued that the developed method is useful for undertaking bottom–up household energy metabolic assessments in both formal and informal city settings in which more than one energy carrier is used. In cities where only national or city-level data exists, it provides a method for understanding how different households consume different energy carriers differently.

scholarly journals Features, Driving Forces and Transition of the Household Energy Consumption in China: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Jiang ◽  
Xingpeng Chen ◽  
Bing Xue
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods

Household energy consumption has been a major contributor to the increase in global energy demand and carbon emission, and the household sector has also become one of the most crucial factors shaping the management of developments towards sustainability. However, there is still a knowledge gap regarding the household energy consumption in China. Due to the vast territory and the differences among regional conditions, it is critical to conduct a systemic review to illustrate the overall situation as well as the detailed mechanisms of the household energy consumption in China. By employing both qualitative and quantitative methods, two key features of the household energy consumption in China are presented; one is regarding the total amount and the structure of the household energy consumption, and the second is the significant urban-rural gap. The driving forces are investigated from the perspective of external determinants and internal determinants, which consist of seven key factors; finally, the transition roadmap towards the sustainable energy system for the household level are presented based on the text analysis from the four key policy documents. Weaknesses in the current research on the energy geography of household level also exist, such as the lack of single factor research and the lack of integration and comprehensive analysis. Therefore, future studies need to strengthen the research of regional household energy consumption structure, spatial-temporal process, and its motivation mechanism, and sustainable development of energy, so as to explore space-social structure of household energy consumption and spatial-temporal interaction.

Environmental Pollution, Income Inequality, and Household Energy Consumption: Evidence from the United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Household Level ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

This study explored the impact of income inequality, household energy consumption, government expenditure, and investment on carbon dioxide emissions at the household level over the period 1970–2015 in the United Kingdom. The study applied Clemente–Montanes–Reyes unit root test to identify structural break in the time series. Further, the cointegrating relationship of the time series observations was explored by applying the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) (linear) bounds test approach along with the nonlinear ARDL for making fruitful comparisons in the long-run relationship among the variables. The paper used Bayer–Hanck combined cointegration method for robustness test in the cointegrating methods. In addition, the causality analysis was explored using the Toda–Yamato (1995) method of Granger causality. The results confirmed the existence of cointegration among the variables.The estimated NARDL results show that in the long run the negative asymmetric impact of the income inequality is stronger than the positive impact. The paper concludes that there is an urgent need to reduce income inequality in the United Kingdom to improve equitable consumption of energy at the household level. Last the causality test shows that there exists unidirectional causality from inequality transmission to carbon emissions.

Direct and Indirect Household Energy Consumption in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 844-847
Author(s):  
Zhi Jie Li ◽  
Zhong Ying Qi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Coal Technology ◽  
Industrial Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Energy Consumption

Nowadays, China has paid much attention to industrial energy consumption. In fact, household energy consumption, close related to everyones daily life, is playing a more and more important role. In this paper, we utilize input-output model to obtain the value of indirect household energy consumption. We find out the structures of direct and indirect consumption and the gap between rural and urban energy consumption. The results show that the energy consumption structure is cleaner than before, and the gap between rural and urban energy consumption is narrowing. We make the suggestions that clean coal technology is badly needed and supplying more natural gas is helpful.

scholarly journals Global redistribution of income and household energy footprints: a computational thought experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Oswald ◽  
J.K. Steinberger ◽  
D. Ivanova ◽  
J. Millward-Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption

Non-technical summary Global income inequality and energy consumption inequality are related. High-income households consume more energy than low-income ones, and for different purposes. Here, we explore the global household energy consumption implications of global income redistribution. We show that global income inequality shapes not only inequalities of energy consumption but the quantity and composition of overall energy demand. Our results call for the inclusion of income distribution into energy system models, as well as into energy and climate policy. Technical summary Despite a rapidly growing number of studies on the relationship between inequality and energy, there is little research estimating the effect of income redistribution on energy demand. We contribute to this debate by proposing a simple but granular and data-driven model of the global income distribution and of global household energy consumption. We isolate the effect of income distribution on household energy consumption and move beyond the assumption of aggregate income–energy elasticities. First, we model expenditure as a function of income. Second, we determine budget shares of expenditure for a variety of products and services by employing product-granular income elasticities of demand. Subsequently, we apply consumption-based final energy intensities to product and services to obtain energy footprint accounts. Testing variants of the global income distribution, we find that the ‘energy costs’ of equity are small. Equitable and inequitable distributions of income, however, entail distinct structural change in energy system terms. In an equitable world, fewer people live in energy poverty and more energy is consumed for subsistence and necessities, instead of luxury and transport. Social media summary Equality in global income shifts household energy footprints towards subsistence, while inequality shifts them towards transport and luxury.

scholarly journals Patterns of Household Energy Consumption in Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Surya Gyawali ◽  
Sushil Bdr. Bajracharya ◽  
Sudarshan Raj Tiwari ◽  
Hans Norve Skotte
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement

Much of the world's energy is currently produced and consumed in ways that could not be sustained if technology were to remain constant and if overall quantities were to increase substantially. The objective of the paper is to examine the household energy consumption of the case study area. The paper also explores significant factors affecting energy saving measures at household level. A household questionnaire survey was conducted to identify energy consumption pattern and energy efficient measures. The study stabilized that, reducing the consumption of individual household energy by using energy efficient appliances and equipment is an obvious step for energy efficiency improvement. Results of the analysis revealed that electricity is predominately used for lighting and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) for cooking, the use of energy efficient lighting appliances increasing significantly. Also there is a strong relationship of monthly energy cost with number of family, occupied space and income. Based on the aforementioned result, it is clearly concluded that, in order to optimize energy use, appropriate energy efficient appliances are to be integrated into household level.

Rural household energy consumption and its implications for eco-environments in NW China: A case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hewen Niu ◽  
Yuanqing He ◽  
Umberto Desideri ◽  
Peidong Zhang ◽  
Hongyi Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Household ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Nw China ◽  
Household Energy Consumption
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