scholarly journals Environmentally Friendly Compact Air-Insulated High-Voltage Substations

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Albano ◽  
A. Haddad ◽  
Huw Griffiths ◽  
Paul Coventry
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
International Electrotechnical Commission ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Design Option ◽  
Integrated Technology ◽  
The Uk

This paper investigates the possible options for achieving a substantial reduction in a substation footprint using air-insulated switchgear as a more environmentally-friendly alternative to gas-insulated substations that use SF6 gas. Adopting a new approach to surge arrester location and numbers, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) minimum clearances can be successfully selected instead of the maximum clearances as currently adopted by many utilities, as is the case in the UK. In addition, innovative alternative compact busbar arrangements using vertical and delta configurations have been proposed by the authors. A further opportunity for compaction is offered by the application of compact and integrated technology offered from several manufacturers. The full overvoltage control within the entire substation under any surge condition is a key aspect of the feasibility of this type of substation. This work demonstrates that the new design option can be an attractive alternative for future substation configuration with minimum footprint.

Monitoring the marine environment for small round structured viruses (SRSVS): a new approach to combating the transmission of these viruses by molluscan shellfish

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Henshilwood ◽  
J. Green ◽  
D. N. Lees
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Virus ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Human Enteric Virus ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Public Health Protection

This study investigates human enteric virus contamination of a shellfish harvesting area. Samples were analysed over a 14-month period for Small Round Structured Viruses (SRSVs) using a previously developed nested RT-PCR. A clear seasonal difference was observed with the largest numbers of positive samples obtained during the winter period (October to March). This data concurs with the known winter association of gastroenteric illness due to oyster consumption in the UK and also with the majority of the outbreaks associated with shellfish harvested from this area during the study period. RT-PCR positive amplicons were further characterised by cloning and sequencing. Sequence analysis of the positive samples identified eleven SRSV strains, of both Genogroup I and Genogroup II, occurring throughout the study period. Many shellfish samples contained a mixture of strains with a few samples containing up to three different strains with both Genogroups represented. The observed common occurrence of strain mixtures may have implications for the role of shellfish as a vector for dissemination of SRSV strains. These results show that nested RT-PCR can identify SRSV contamination in shellfish harvesting areas. Virus monitoring of shellfish harvesting areas by specialist laboratories using RT-PCR is a possible approach to combating the transmission of SRSVs by molluscan shellfish and could potentially offer significantly enhanced levels of public health protection.

scholarly journals UK Consumers’ Preferences for Ethical Attributes of Floating Rice: Implications for Environmentally Friendly Agriculture in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8354
Author(s):  
Vo Hong Tu ◽  
Steven W. Kopp ◽  
Nguyen Thuy Trang ◽  
Andreas Kontoleon ◽  
Mitsuyasu Yabe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Floating Rice ◽  
The Uk

Vietnam plays an important role in bearing global food security. However, Vietnamese rice farmers face several challenges, including pressures to develop sustainable livelihoods while reducing the environmental impacts of their production activities. Various Vietnamese agricultural restructuring policies were promulgated to promote the adoption of environmentally friendly practices to generate high value added for rice farmers, but the farmers are reluctant to adopt them because of perceived lack of demand. Decreasing consumption of rice in Asia and increasing demands in Europe shaped Vietnamese rice exporting policies. New trade agreements, such as the UK–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement, offer new target markets for Vietnamese rice farmers. This research provides empirical evidence related to the preferences of UK consumers for ethical attributes for floating rice imported from Vietnam. Floating rice represents a traditional method of rice cultivation that relies on the natural flooding cycle. Its cultivation uses very few agrochemical inputs and provides several other environmental, economic, and social benefits. In an online survey, the study used a choice experiment that asked 306 UK consumers to report their preferences for one kilo of floating rice with three non-market attributes: reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, allocation of profits to the farmers, and restitution of biodiversity. Overall, study participants favored the attributes of floating rice, but reported utility for only the “fair trade” attribute and for a marginal willingness to pay premiums for profit allocations to farmers. Consumers did not find value in either CO2 emission reduction or biodiversity improvement. Results from the study provide recommendations to develop agricultural programs, distribution strategies, and informational methods to encourage floating rice consumption in the UK.

scholarly journals Global experience of HVDC composite insulators in outdoor and indoor environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-618
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akbar ◽  
Basharat Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Hvdc Transmission ◽  
Ceramic Insulators ◽  
High Power Transmission ◽  
Aging Performance

AbstractHigh-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission is known as green-energy transfer technology and has recently become an attractive alternative of high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) due to its high-power transmission capability and lower power loss. Use of composite insulators on direct current (DC) transmission lines experienced rapid growth in recent years due to their high hydrophobicity and better performance in contaminated environment than conventional ceramic insulators. During their service operation on DC lines, insulators are prone to more accumulation of contaminants due to unidirectional electric field. The contaminants under wet conditions allow leakage current to flow on the insulator surface. Being organic in nature, polymeric insulators have a tendency to age under the combined effects of electrical and environmental stresses. To fully understand the long-term aging performance of DC composite insulators, a detailed survey was considered necessary. Towards that end, this paper critically summarizes worldwide experience of aging performance of composite insulators in the field as well as in laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Region of Interest CT Reconstructions through Multimodal Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
David Schote ◽  
Tim Pfeiffer ◽  
Georg Rose
Keyword(s):  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Multimodal Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Flight Measurements

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) scans are frequently used intraoperatively, for example to control the positioning of implants during intervention. Often, to provide the required information, a full field of view is unnecessary. I nstead, the region-of-interest (ROI) imaging can be performed, allowing for substantial reduction in the applied X-ray dose. However, ROI imaging leads to data inconsistencies, caused by the truncation of the projections. This lack of information severely impairs the quality of the reconstructed images. This study presents a proof-of-concept for a new approach that combines the incomplete CT data with ultrasound data and time of flight measurements in order to restore some of the lacking information. The routine is evaluated in a simulation study using the original Shepp-Logan phantom in ROI cases with different degrees of truncation. Image quality is assessed by means of normalized root mean square error. The proposed method significantly reduces truncation artifacts in the reconstructions and achieves considerable radiation exposure reductions.

NaI-mediated divergent synthesis of isatins and isoindigoes: a new protocol enabled by an oxidation relay strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (59) ◽  
pp. 8265-8268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-hua Zhang ◽  
Yong-qiang Wang ◽  
Long-tao Huang ◽  
Long-qing Zhu ◽  
Yi-yue Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
New Approach

A new approach for the synthesis of isatins and isoindigoes by an inexpensive and environmentally friendly NaI-mediated transformation is disclosed.

scholarly journals A New Approach to Environmentally Friendly Protein Plastics and Foams

BioResources ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cecilia Basso ◽  
Antonio Pizzi ◽  
Luc Delmotte
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
New Approach

Environmentally Friendly Fluids for High-Voltage Applications

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
J. E. Contreras ◽  
J. Rodríguez-Díaz ◽  
E. A. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Environmentally Friendly

scholarly journals Comment on: Musculoskeletal problems and work in the UK--time for a new approach?

Rheumatology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1207-1209
Author(s):  
A. Frank ◽  
A. Chamberlain
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problems ◽  
The Uk

Efficient synthesis of esters through oxone-catalyzed dehydrogenation of carboxylic acids and alcohols

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
pp. 9472-9476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Hou ◽  
Xi-Cun Wang ◽  
Zheng-Jun Quan
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Efficient Synthesis

An environmentally friendly oxone (20 mol%) catalyzed esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols has been developed, providing an attractive alternative to the construction of valuable carbonyl esters.

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