scholarly journals Complementarity Roses Evaluating Spatial Complementarity in Time between Energy Resources

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Risso ◽  
Alexandre Beluco ◽  
Rita Marques Alves
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Complete Evaluation ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
The Cost

Hybrid energy systems have higher initial costs than systems that are based on only one renewable resource, but allow for the fulfillment of the demands of consumer loads with lower values for the cost of energy. The possible complementarity between the resources used can contribute to a better use of the available energy. On a large scale, complementarity between power plants can serve as a tool for the management of energy resources. A complete evaluation of complementarity needs to consider three components: time complementarity, energy complementarity, and complementarity between amplitudes of variation. Complementarity can also be assessed between energy resources in one place (which may be termed temporal complementarity) and between resources at different sites (termed spatial complementarity). This paper proposes a method for quantifying spatial complementarity over time and for its expression through maps. The method suggests the establishment of a hexagonal network of cells and the determination of complementary roses for each cell that contains power plants. This article also applies the method proposed to some hydroelectric plants and wind farms in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil, and present the map of spatial complementarity in time obtained.

scholarly journals Reducing the Cost of Energy From Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants

Solar Energy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Price ◽  
David Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Mojave Desert ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Parabolic trough solar technology is the most proven and lowest cost large-scale solar power technology available today, primarily because of the nine large commercial-scale solar power plants that are operating in the California Mojave Desert. However, no new plants have been built during the past ten years because the cost of power from these plants is more expensive than power from conventional fossil fuel power plants. This paper reviews the current cost of energy and the potential for reducing the cost of energy from parabolic trough solar power plant technology based on the latest technological advancements and projected improvements from industry and sponsored R&D. The paper also looks at the impact of project financing and incentives on the cost of energy.

scholarly journals Effect of Solar Tracking on the Economic Viability of a Large-Scale PV Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ◽  
Bright Kwame Afornu ◽  
Michael Nii Sanka Ansah
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThis paper evaluated the economic potential of three different photovoltaic energy technologies at a selected site, Wa, in the Upper West region of Ghana. The cost of energy and net present value metrics were used to ascertain the cost-effectiveness of these technologies (fixed, single and double axis tracker systems). From the analysis, all three technologies are economically viable at the selected site, however, a sensitivity analysis shows that the fixed axis tracker is unviable at a discount rate above 2 % whiles that of the single and double axis power plants also become impracticable at a discount rate above 6 % using the financial input parameters adopted for the study. This is an indication that, even though the selected site may have the required solar radiation for the development of large-scale PV power plant, there is the need to create the necessary conducive financial environment to enable such projects to become viable. The double axis tracking system was identified as the optimum system that should be deployed at the selected site to get the best in terms of affordability of electricity to consumers and equity payback.

FINANCING AUSTRALIAN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AN INTERNATIONAL VIEW

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
J. G. Stabback ◽  
D. G. Waddingham
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
International Firms ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Internal Cash Flow ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Cost ◽  
International View

In an energy-short world, escalating inflation and rising energy prices, the development of Australia's abundant natural resources will not only propel the economy forward through the 1980's, but will also significantly add to the world's available energy resources and lessen the upward pressure on oil prices.Enormous resources of coal and uranium are available in Australia together with modest reserves of crude oil and natural gas. The cost of developing these resources could well exceed $50 billion over the next decade. Because of the large scale and higher cost of developing these resources, increasing use of overseas funding will be needed unless taxation policies are altered in Australia to provide more internal cash flow. Joint ventures with international firms and project financing methods will be used more extensively in future to develop Australia's energy resources.

Characterizing the Influence of Land Configuration on the Optimal Wind Farm Performance

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souma Chowdhury ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Achille Messac ◽  
Luciano Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Simultaneous Optimization ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Wind Farm Design ◽  
Farm Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Crucial Part

The development of large scale wind farms that can produce energy at a cost comparable to that of other conventional energy resources presents significant challenges to today’s wind energy industry. The consideration of the key design and environmental factors that influence the performance of a wind farm is a crucial part of the solution to this challenge. In this paper, we develop a methodology to account for the configuration of the farm land (length-to-breadth ratio and North-South-East-West orientation) within the scope of wind farm optimization. This approach appropriately captures the correlation between the (i) land configuration, (ii) the farm layout, and (iii) the selection of turbines-types. Simultaneous optimization of the farm layout and turbine selection is performed to minimize the Cost of Energy (COE), for a set of sample land configurations. The optimized COE and farm efficiency are then represented as functions of the land aspect ratio and the land orientation. To this end, we apply a recently developed response surface method known as the Reliability-Based Hybrid Functions. The overall wind farm design methodology is applied to design a 25MW farm in North Dakota. This case study provides helpful insights into the influence of the land configuration on the optimum farm performance that can be obtained for a particular site.

Waste minimization program in Shuaiba Industrial Area

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Muzaini
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Waste Minimization ◽  
Regulatory Body ◽  
Eastern Sector ◽  
Western Sector ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
The Cost

The Shuaiba Industrial Area (SIA) is located about 50 km south of Kuwait City. It accommodates most of the large-scale industries in Kuwait. The total area of the SIA (both eastern and western sectors) is about 22.98 million m2. Fifteen plants are located in the eastern sector and 23 in the western sector, including two petrochemical companies, three refineries, two power plants, a melamine company, an industrial gas corporation, a paper products company and, two steam electricity generating stations, in addition to several other industries. Therefore, only 30 percent of the land in the SIA's eastern sector and 70 percent of land in the SIA's western sector is available for future expansion. Presently, industries in the SIA generate approximately 204,000 t of solid waste. With future development in the industries in the SIA, the estimated quantities will reach 240,000 t. The Shuaiba Area Authority (SAA), a governmental regulatory body responsible for planning and development in the SIA, has recognized the problem of solid waste and has developed an industrial waste minimization program. This program would help to reduce the quantity of waste generated within the SIA and thereby reduce the cost of waste management. This paper presents a description of the waste minimization program and how it is to be implemented by major petroleum companies. The protocols employed in the waste minimization program are detailed.

A Big Data Application for Energy Consumption Management of Commercial Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Big Data Application ◽  
The Cost

The demand for energy is increasing rapidly and, after a few years, it may surpass the available energy, which may lead the energy providers to increase the cost of energy consumption to compensate the cost for the production. This paper provides design and implementation details of a prototype big data application developed to help large buildings to automatically manage their energy consumption by setting energy consumption targets, collecting periodic energy consumption data, storing the data streams, displaying the energy consumption graphically in real-time, analyzing the consumption patterns, and generating energy consumption graphs and reports. The application is connected to Mongo NoSQL backend database to handle the large and continuously changing data. This big data energy consumption management system is expected to help the users in managing energy consumption by analyzing the patterns to see if it is within or above the desired consumption targets and displaying the data graphically.

A Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) Model for Wind Farms That Includes Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) Energy Delivery Limits

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Bruck ◽  
Navid Goudarzi ◽  
Peter Sandborn
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Supply Source ◽  
Levelized Cost ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
The Cost

The cost of energy is an increasingly important issue in the world as renewable energy resources are growing in demand. Performance-based energy contracts are designed to keep the price of energy as low as possible while controlling the risk for both parties (i.e., the Buyer and the Seller). Price and risk are often balanced using complex Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs). Since wind is not a constant supply source, to keep risk low, wind PPAs contain clauses that require the purchase and sale of energy to fall within reasonable limits. However, the existence of those limits also creates pressure on prices causing increases in the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE). Depending on the variation in capacity factor (CF), the power generator (the Seller) may find that the limitations on power purchasing given by the utility (the Buyer) are not favorable and will result in higher costs of energy than predicted. Existing cost models do not take into account energy purchase limitations or variations in energy production when calculating an LCOE. A new cost model is developed to evaluate the price of electricity from wind energy under a PPA contract. This study develops a method that an energy Seller can use to negotiate delivery penalties within their PPA. This model has been tested on a controlled wind farm and with real wind farm data. The results show that LCOE depends on the limitations on energy purchase within a PPA contract as well as the expected performance characteristics associated with wind farms.

scholarly journals The cost load regulation and management of electrical energy by directions of impact on the components of total price

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Alexey Pleshkov ◽  
Aleksey Kopylov ◽  
Petr Ulyankin
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
Load Regulation ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Price

The issues of optimizing regional pricing are especially acute for the Kaliningrad Region due to its exclave features. At the same time, the cost of energy resources has become one of the main issues in making managerial decisions. Recently, the so-called Technoparks have become one of the new forms of organizing the production process in a certain branch of industry, or a process that is at the junction of several branches. There are a variety of descriptions of the indisputable advantages of this work format for a specific technological process, however, the possibilities in the field of reducing the costs of consumed energy resources that arise with such a local siting of production are not discussed that often. According to the authors of the article, based on the structure of the tariff, it is possible to classify methods of reducing the cost price by the impact on the components of the final cost of energy supply services. It should be noted that the classification sign of saving methods will be precisely the component of the tariff, while the methods themselves can be aimed both at reducing the price expression of each component of the tariff and at the volume of services for this component. The authors have also identified regional features of the pricing processes in the energy industry.

scholarly journals A Unique Control Strategy and Power Management in Wind/Solar Renewable Energy Power System to Improve the Power Quality of Grid System

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Khashiya Parveen ◽  
Prof. Shravan Vishwakarma
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Enhancement Method ◽  
Photo Voltaic ◽  
Compensation Device ◽  
Harmonic Components

Hybrid energy generation which includes both wind and solar energy has grown exponentially in latest years, and this will continue. Power quality problems such as voltage-swells, voltage-sags, harmonic components, power factor, and inadequate voltage control are caused by intermittent various exposures and the incorporation of wind-turbine and Photo-voltaic power generating systems with the grid. A Static Compensator (STATCOM) is employed to enhance power-quality. The power quality enhancement method for grid-connected wind-turbine and photo voltaic power plants employing STATCOM is introduced in this paper.  The framework of the proposed methodology describes in order to improve the transient voltage stability of the large-scale wind / solar hybrid system, the STATCOM reactive power compensation device is connected to the grid.   The compensator is offered to further improve output parameters such as voltage THD, current THD and active power.

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