scholarly journals Performance and Greenhouse Gas Reduction Analysis of Biogas-Fueled Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells for a Sewage Sludge and Food Waste Treatment Facility

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 600 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Reduction ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Business As Usual

The supply rate goal for new and renewable energy has been set to 20% by 2030 through the expansion of biogas production. The goal to reduce CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions by 37% below the business-as-usual (BAU) level of 851 million by 2030 was set by the Korean Government. However, biogas from corresponding treatment facilities is not used for the purpose of energy production, but is incinerated to raise the temperature of digesters. This study aimed to conduct a simulation of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) hybrid plant using actual biogas operation data, analyzing annual performance. The 2450 kW SOFC system was set to its maximum capacity, with the available amount of biogas and the heat of the exhaust gas used to heat the anaerobic digester, but the amount of digester heat decreased in summer because of high air temperature. Up to 55% of total power usage could be produced via biogas, and a 45% reduction in CO2 was achieved.

scholarly journals A highly-robust solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC): simultaneous greenhouse gas treatment and clean energy generation

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3682-3686 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Li ◽  
M. F. Rabuni ◽  
L. Kleiminger ◽  
B. Wang ◽  
G. H. Kelsall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Gas Treatment

A novel micro-structured, highly-robust SOFC that can convert greenhouse gas into clean electrical energy has been developed.

The Effect of Size on Optimisation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine Hybrid Cycles

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Brear ◽  
Michael J. Dunkley
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Component Size ◽  
System Pressure

The integration of high temperature solid oxide fuel cells with gas turbines to form high efficiency, hybrid generators is receiving significant attention within both the academic and industrial communities. Various systems have been proposed or demonstrated, and which cover a range of sizes from low power generators suitable for domestic power generation through to larger systems in the megawatt size range. The performance of such hybrid systems depends on the matching of the fuel cell and gas turbine through optimisation of the system pressure ratio and reactant flow rates. Losses associated with non-ideal cycle components are significant and vary with component size, and must be taken into account if optimal performance is to be achieved. This paper presents an intentionally very simple numerical model of the hybrid system, so that the effect of key component efficiencies on the overall cycle efficiency can be examined easily. These component efficiencies of course scale with size, and the results presented suggest that hybrid cycles with total power output of order several MW are preferable.

scholarly journals Combined ammonia recovery and solid oxide fuel cell use at wastewater treatment plants for energy and greenhouse gas emission improvements

2019 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 698-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Grasham ◽  
Valerie Dupont ◽  
Miller Alonso Camargo-Valero ◽  
Pelayo García-Gutiérrez ◽  
Timothy Cockerill
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Ammonia Recovery

scholarly journals A Thermodynamic Analysis of Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Based Hybrid Systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Rao ◽  
G. S. Samuelsen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Analysis Strategy

The goals of a research program recently completed at the University of California, Irvine were to develop analysis strategy for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) based systems, to apply the analysis strategy to tubular SOFC hybrid systems and to identify promising hybrid configurations. A pressurized tubular SOFC combined with an intercooled-reheat gas turbine (SureCell™ cycle) is chosen as the base cycle over which improvements are sought. The humid air turbine (HAT) cycle features are incorporated to the base cycle resulting in the SOFC-HAT hybrid cycle which shows an efficiency of 69.05 percent while the base cycle has an efficiency of 66.23 percent. Exergy analysis identified the superior efficiency performance of the SOFC component. Therefore, an additional cycle variation added a second SOFC component followed by a low pressure combustor in place of the reheat combustor of the gas turbine of the SOFC-HAT hybrid. The resulting dual SOFC-HAT hybrid has a thermal efficiency of 75.98 percent. The single SOFC-HAT hybrid gives the lowest cost of electricity (3.54¢/kW-hr) while the dual SOFC-HAT hybrid has the highest cost of electricity (4.02¢/kW-hr) among the three cycles with natural gas priced at $3/GJ. The dual SOFC-HAT hybrid plant cost is calculated to be significantly higher because the fraction of power produced by the SOFC(s) is significantly higher than that in the other cases on the basis of $1100/kw initial cost for the SOFC. The dual SOFC-HAT hybrid can only be justified in favor of the single SOFC-HAT hybrid when the price of natural gas is greater than $14/GJ or if a severe carbon tax on the order of $180/ton of CO2 is imposed while natural gas price remains at $3/GJ.

Transient Analysis of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrids—Part I: Fuel Cell Models

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Magistri ◽  
Francesco Trasino ◽  
Paola Costamagna
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Transient Analysis ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Asme Paper

The main goal of this work is the transient analysis of hybrid systems based on solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The work is divided into three parts: in the first, the fuel cell transient models are presented and discussed, whereas in the subsequent parts of the paper the anodic recirculation system (Part B: Ferrari, M.L., Traverso, A., Massardo, A.F., 2004, ASME Paper No. 2004-GT-53716) and the entire hybrid transient performance (Part C: Magistri, L., Ferrari, M.L., Traverso, A., Costamagna, P., Massardo, A.F., 2004, ASME Paper No. 2004-GT-53845) are investigated. In this paper the transient behavior of a solid oxide fuel cell is analyzed through the use of two different approaches: macroscopic and detailed SOFC models. Both models are presented in this paper, and their simulation results are compared to each other and to available experimental data. As a first step the transient response of the fuel cell was studied using a very detailed model in order to completely describe this phenomenon and to highlight the critical aspects. Subsequently, some modifications were made to this model to create an apt simulation tool (macroscopic fuel cell model) for the whole plant analysis. The reliability of this model was verified by comparing several transient responses to the results obtained with the detailed model. In the subsequent papers (Parts B and C), the integration of the macroscopic fuel cell model into the whole plant model will be described and the transient study of the hybrid plant will be presented.

scholarly journals Smart Approaches to Food Waste Final Disposal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Cecchi ◽  
Cristina Cavinato
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Anaerobic Codigestion ◽  
Suitable Treatment

Food waste, among the organic wastes, is one of the most promising substrates to be used as a renewable resource. Wide availability of food waste and the high greenhouse gas impacts derived from its inappropriate disposal, boost research through food waste valorization. Several innovative technologies are applied nowadays, mainly focused on bioenergy and bioresource recovery, within a circular economy approach. Nevertheless, food waste treatment should be evaluated in terms of sustainability and considering the availability of an optimized separate collection and a suitable treatment facility. Anaerobic codigestion of waste-activated sludge with food waste is a way to fully utilize available anaerobic digestion plants, increasing biogas production, energy, and nutrient recovery and reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Codigestion implementation in Europe is explored and discussed in this paper, taking into account different food waste collection approaches in relation to anaerobic digestion treatment and confirming the sustainability of the anaerobic process based on case studies. Household food waste disposal implementation is also analyzed, and the results show that such a waste management system is able to reduce GHG emissions due to transport reduction and increase wastewater treatment performance.

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