scholarly journals Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310
Author(s):  
Chi-Yeon Kim ◽  
Chae-Rin Kim ◽  
Dong-Keun Kim ◽  
Soo-Hwan Cho
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Load Pattern ◽  
Net Load

The development of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) is essential in accordance with the mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction policies, resulting in many DERs being integrated into the power system. Currently, South Korea is also focusing on increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and EV by 2030 to reduce GHGs. However, indiscriminate DER development can give a negative impact on the operation of existing power systems. The existing power system operation is optimized for the hourly net load pattern, but the integration of DERs changes it. In addition, since ToU (Time-of-Use) tariff and Demand Response (DR) programs are very sensitive to changes in the net load curve, it is essential to predict the hourly net load pattern accurately for the modification of pricing and demand response programs in the future. However, a long-term demand forecast in South Korea provides only the total amount of annual load (TWh) and the expected peak load level (GW) in summer and winter seasons until 2030. In this study, we use the annual photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity, PV generation, and the number of EV based on the target values for 2030 in South Korea to predict the change in hourly net load curve by year and season. In addition, to predict the EV charging load curve based on Monte Carlo simulation, the EV users’ charging method, charging start time, and State-of-Charge (SoC) were considered. Finally, we analyze the change in hourly net load curve due to the integration of PV and EV to determine the amplification of the duck curve and peak load time by year and season, and present the risks caused by indiscriminate DERs development.

scholarly journals Impact of Time-of-Use Demand Response Program on Optimal Operation of Afghanistan Real Power System

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Mohammad Masih Sediqi ◽  
Akito Nakadomari ◽  
Alexey Mikhaylov ◽  
Narayanan Krishnan ◽  
Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Real Power ◽  
Operation Cost

Like most developing countries, Afghanistan still employs the traditional philosophy of supplying all its load demands whenever they happen. However, to have a reliable and cost-effective system, the new approach proposes to keep the variations of demand at the lowest possible level. The power system infrastructure requires massive capital investment; demand response (DR) is one of the economic options for running the system according to the new scheme. DR has become the intention of many researchers in developed countries. However, very limited works have investigated the employment of appropriate DR programs for developing nations, particularly considering renewable energy sources (RESs). In this paper, as two-stage programming, the effect of the time-of-use demand response (TOU-DR) program on optimal operation of Afghanistan real power system in the presence of RESs and pumped hydropower storage (PHS) system in the day-ahead power market is analyzed. Using the concept of price elasticity, first, an economic model indicating the behaviour of customers involved in TOU-DR program is developed. A genetic algorithm (GA) coded in MATLAB software is used accordingly to schedule energy and reserve so that the total operation cost of the system is minimized. Two simulation cases are considered to verify the effectiveness of the suggested scheme. The first stage programming approach leads case 2 with TOU-DR program to 35 MW (811 MW − 776 MW), $16,235 ($528,825 − $512,590), and 64 MW reductions in the peak load, customer bill and peak to valley distance, respectively compared to case 1 without TOU-DR program. Also, the simulation results for stage 2 show that by employing the TOU-DR program, the system’s total cost can be reduced from $317,880 to $302,750, which indicates a significant reduction in thermal units’ operation cost, import power tariffs and reserve cost.

scholarly journals Adequacy Assessment of Wind Integrated Generating Systems Incorporating Demand Response and Battery Energy Storage System

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiashen Teh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Battery Energy Storage System ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Generating System

The demand response and battery energy storage system (BESS) will play a key role in the future of low carbon networks, coupled with new developments of battery technology driven mainly by the integration of renewable energy sources. However, studies that investigate the impacts of BESS and its demand response on the adequacy of a power supply are lacking. Thus, a need exists to address this important gap. Hence, this paper investigates the adequacy of a generating system that is highly integrated with wind power in meeting load demand. In adequacy studies, the impacts of demand response and battery energy storage system are considered. The demand response program is applied using the peak clipping and valley filling techniques at various percentages of the peak load. Three practical strategies of the BESS operation model are described in this paper, and all their impacts on the adequacy of the generating system are evaluated. The reliability impacts of various wind penetration levels on the generating system are also explored. Finally, different charging and discharging rates and capacities of the BESS are considered when evaluating their impacts on the adequacy of the generating system.

scholarly journals Optimal Coordination of Aggregated Hydro-Storage with Residential Demand Response in Highly Renewable Generation Power System: The Case Study of Finland

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arslan Bashir ◽  
Matti Lehtonen
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Generation ◽  
Generation Structure ◽  
Optimal Coordination ◽  
Residential Demand ◽  
Generation Power

Current energy policy-driven targets have led to increasing deployment of renewable energy sources in electrical grids. However, due to the limited flexibility of current power systems, the rapidly growing number of installations of renewable energy systems has resulted in rising levels of generation curtailments. This paper probes the benefits of simultaneously coordinating aggregated hydro-reservoir storage with residential demand response (DR) for mitigating both load and generation curtailments in highly renewable generation power systems. DR services are provided by electric water heaters, thermal storages, electric vehicles, and heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) loads. Accordingly, an optimization model is presented to minimize the mismatch between demand and supply in the Finnish power system. The model considers proportions of base-load generation comprising nuclear, and combined heat and power (CHP) plants (both CHP-city and CHP-industry), as well as future penetration scenarios of solar and wind power that are constructed, reflecting the present generation structure in Finland. The findings show that DR coordinated with hydropower is an efficient curtailment mitigation tool given the uncertainty in renewable generation. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis is also carried out to depict how higher penetration can reduce carbon emissions from electricity co-generation in the near future.

A Model of Continuous Optimized Power Flow with DR

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 452-457
Author(s):  
Wen Bo Mao ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Jian Tao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Interruptible Load ◽  
Time Price ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Reduction Cost

A model of continuous optimized power flow (COPF) is proposed, concluding demand response (DR). According to different implementation mechanisms, a series of DR models are built, such as: time of use (TOU), real time price (RTP), critical peak price (CPP), and interruptible load (IL). The influences of these kinds of DR on power system are analyzed, including peak load reduction, cost reduction, and reservation optimization. The results show that: DR can cut the cost, reduce the peak load, and promote the reservation optimization.

scholarly journals Intelligent Dynamic Pricing Scheme for Demand Response in Brazil Considering the Integration of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4839
Author(s):  
Diego B. Vilar ◽  
Carolina M. Affonso
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Pricing Scheme ◽  
Improve Algorithm

This paper proposes a novel dynamic pricing scheme for demand response with individualized tariffs by consumption profile, aiming to benefit both customers and utility. The proposed method is based on the genetic algorithm, and a novel operator called mutagenic agent is proposed to improve algorithm performance. The demand response model is set by using price elasticity theory, and simulations are conducted based on elasticity, demand, and photovoltaic generation data from Brazil. Results are evaluated considering the integration effects of renewable energy sources and compared with other two pricing strategies currently adopted by Brazilian utilities: flat tariff and time-of-use tariff. Simulation results show the proposed dynamic tariff brings benefits to both utilities and consumers. It reduces the peak load and average cost of electricity and increases utility profit and load factor without the undesirable rebound effect.

scholarly journals Modelling the Integration of Residential Heat Demand and Demand Response in Power Systems with High Shares of Renewables

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6628
Author(s):  
Chiara Magni ◽  
Alessia Arteconi ◽  
Konstantinos Kavvadias ◽  
Sylvain Quoilin
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Residential Heating ◽  
Heat Demand

The EU aims to become the world’s first climate-neutral continent by 2050. In order to meet this target, the integration of high shares of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) in the energy system is of primary importance. Nevertheless, the large deployment of variable renewable sources such as wind and photovoltaic power will pose important challenges in terms of power management. For this reason, increasing the system flexibility will be crucial to ensure the security of supply in future power systems. This work investigates the flexibility potential obtainable from the diffusion of Demand Response (DR) programmes applied to residential heating for different renewables penetration and power system configuration scenarios. To that end, a bottom-up model for residential heat demand and flexible electric heating systems (heat pumps and electric water heaters) is developed and directly integrated into Dispa-SET, an existing unit commitment optimal dispatch model of the power system. The integrated model is calibrated for the case of Belgium and different simulations are performed varying the penetration and type of residential heating technologies, installed renewables capacity and capacity mix. Results show that, at country level, operational cost could be reduced up to €35 million and curtailment up to 1 TWh per year with 1 million flexible electric heating systems installed. These benefits are significantly reduced when nuclear power plants (non-flexible) are replaced by gas-fired units (flexible) and grow when more renewable capacity is added. Moreover, when the number of flexible heating systems increases, a saturation effect of the flexibility is observed.

scholarly journals Optimal Sizing and Analysis of a Small Hybrid Power System for Umuokpo Amumara in Eastern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Cherechi Ndukwe ◽  
Tariq Iqbal ◽  
Xiaodong Liang ◽  
Jahangir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Hybrid Power System ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
The Village

Umuokpo Amumara is a village with an estimated population of 9,000 people and about 800 households located in the eastern region of Nigeria in West Africa. This village has no access to power grids for over a decade of existence. Umuokpo, by virtue of its location 5°27′35.9″N 7°19′60.0″E, on the average receives about 6 hours of sunlight with a daily average irradiance of 6.12 kWh/m2. The solar energy can be tapped and harnessed to generate quality electricity for this small village. Since the wind speed is low (ranging between 3.0 m/s and 3.5 m/s), the wind resource cannot be incorporated into the design. The average load demand of the village is 9.422 MWh/day with a peak load of 1.3 MW. This paper is aimed at designing a small hybrid power system that can generate sustainable electricity for the village from renewable energy sources. The design also considers a backup diesel generator and an energy storage system. The designed system consists of a 2,750 kW solar photovoltaic (PV), a 21,600 kWh battery storage, a 1,500 kW power electronic converter, and a 1,000 kW diesel generator. The simulation suggests that the proposed system can adequately meet the electricity needs of the village. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out on the system to observe its behavior with varying levels of irradiation and load.

Smart grid, load management and dynamic pricing for electricity: Simulation results from a field project in Switzerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 200-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Antonioli Mantegazzini ◽  
Alessandro Giusti
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Load Optimization ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Grid Load

The electricity sector is in transition towards a market where the roles of the operators and institutional actors are changing. The rise in production from renewable energy sources is determining a move from a centrally, fossil-fuel generation to a local distributed one with, among the other things, implications in terms of volatility, intermittency and reserve ‘backup’ capacity. This renewed and challenging scenario represents the basis for the Swiss2Grid pilot project. Its main objective is the development of an innovative approach for the grid load management based on the adoption of an active algorithm (Household Appliance Controller (HAC)) located on individual homes – then decentralized – governed by simple network rules. The goal is to reduce the level of complexity of the system, flattering at the same time the peak load curve. This load optimization is intended also having positive effects in terms of consumers’ bills expenditure. The amount of potential costs reduction of selected consumers, associated with a load shifting by HAC, has been estimated for several price scenario hypothesis, sketched in order to find the price scheme that better fits to the new consumption’s profile. In detail, we tested time constant rates as well as time variable ones, from flat rates to real prices. This project has indeed given us the opportunity to investigate about the use – and the actual advantages – of real-time prices for electricity combined with enabling technologies and on the new roles of utilities and Distribution System Operators (DSOs).

Building power demand forecasting

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Valgaev ◽  
Friederich Kupzog
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Demand Forecasting ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Demand Forecast ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Flexible Loads ◽  
Short Term Forecasting ◽  
Pv Generation

AbstractBuildings acting as flexible loads have been often proposed to mitigate the volatility of renewable energy sources. Thereby, an accurate short-term demand forecast is indispensable for effective demand side management. At the same time, standardized load profiles, commonly used in the distribution grid, are inadequate for load forecasting within building domain. For this PhD, project a novel short-term forecasting model is proposed for that domain. It considers not only residual load, but also scheduled demand response as well as the PV-generation of the building. Moreover, it is not building specific and is, therefore, suitable for area-wide application within building domain.

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