scholarly journals The Vital Contribution of MagLev Vehicles for the Mobility in Smart Cities

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 978
Author(s):  
Richard M. Stephan ◽  
Amaro O. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Real Scale ◽  
Outcome Document

The role of transport in sustainable development was first recognized at the 1992 United Nations (UN) Earth Summit and reinforced in its outcome document—Agenda 21. It is also part of objective 11 of UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The improvements in the traditional methods of transportation lag behind the necessities. This paper shows that Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) can fulfill the demand and fits with smart grid concepts. Moreover, the levitation method based on the diamagnetic property of high-temperature superconductors in the proximity of rare-earth permanent magnets presents advantages in comparison with other levitation methods. This technological solution was tested with the operation of a real scale prototype inside the campus of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), operating since 2014. The paper presents a historical and technological overview of the steps necessary to turn this prototype into a commercial product. The development is framed within NASA’s Technological Readiness Levels (TRL). A new transportation paradigm is on the verge of becoming a reality.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING PROTOTYPE OF HTS MODULE FOR THE SYSTEM OF MAGNETIC LEVITATION OF VEHICLE

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Anna Andreevna Demina ◽  
A V Safonov ◽  
O A Kovalchuk ◽  
E R Zapretilina ◽  
I Yu Rodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Magnetic Systems ◽  
Working Model ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Prospects Of Application

In recent years increasingly discusses the prospects of application of high-temperature superconductors (HTS) as the winding current-carrying elements of magnetic systems for various purposes. It seems particularly attractive possibility of such systems at liquid nitrogen temperature. The article describes the prototype of module of the magnetic system which is made on the basis of high-temperature superconducting tapes, designed for the installation and testing on a working model of a static levitation. In the working model levitation of the platform carried by the interaction of the magnetic field of the assembly of permanent magnets mounted on the platform with a field similar to assemblies located in the track structure. Compact HTS module replaces the two assemblies of permanent magnets mounted on the platform. Each block of the module represents HTS racetrack coil with current inputs, power structure, positioning system and bracing which is placed in a cryostat, providing at minimum wall thickness of the required mechanical strength and thermal insulation at liquid nitrogen temperature. The prototype of unified superconducting module successfully passed preliminary tests.

scholarly journals Reasonable standards for smart cities

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
V. N. Zverev ◽  
S. V. Talenfeld ◽  
V. A. Shubarev
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Smart Communities ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The paper considers the issues of creating smart cities from the point of view of sustainable development of subjects, the role of the internet of things for a modern understanding of the development of smart communities, when the Internet has become the main means of communication not only for people, but also for subjects. The world experience of creation of normative base by technical Committee ISO/TC268 Sustainable development of communities is analyzed. The role of the internet of things (STK 1/ WG 10) is noted as an important part of the identified problem and for a understanding of the development of smart communities, when the internet has become the main means of communication not only for people but also for subjects. Particular attention is paid to the state of affairs in the standardization of requirements for «subjects of sustainable development» in theRussian Federation. Proposals have been developed for work in the establishment of common rules, regulations for such an urgent and multifunctional object of standardization, as the subject of sustainable development or a smart city.

scholarly journals Role of Energy Efficiency and Conservation Including Demand Side Management for Sustainable Development in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 1210
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Ranjan ◽  
Mukesh Chandra Verma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Demand Side Management ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Virtual Power Plants ◽  
Energy Efficiency And Conservation

Energy is used to provide cost-effective services meet the objectives of promoting sustainable development. The importance of Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EE and EC) is to conserve depleting energy resources. Energy efficiency in India has been increasing which has led the Government of India through the Energy Conservation Act (ECA) and the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) to begin several programs. Demand Side Management (DSM) and Energy Efficiency and Conservation are improving the economic growth of Indian utilities.DSM also aimed at promoting the installation and use of energy efficient equipment that consume less power having good quality of output. Energy efficiency is important for sustainable future. Demand Side Management including Demand Response (DR) Activity is utilized to limit the peak electricity demand. DSM helps grid operators to act as virtual power plants and power the utilities to transmit energy when needed through demand response measures. Demand Response (DR) measures can be adapted for a industrial and commercial facility that includes turning off air conditioning, lighting, pumps, and other non-essential equipment. Demand Response is a Demand Side Management (DSM) method in which the end users of electricity are encouraged to take part in dropping the peak load on the system by altering their normal energy consumption schedule. The basic objective of the Agriculture, Municipal and Industrial Demand Side Management (DSM) programmes are to improve the overall energy efficiency of the SLDC (State Load Dispatch Centre) and Electricity Grids which could lead to substantial savings in the electricity consumption, resulting in cost reduction and savings. The target of energy saving can be achieved by implementing acts and policies which leads to state wise DSM Regulations by Regulatory Commissions to the State Power Utilities. The Role of DSM and Energy Efficiency including conservation can fulfill the dreams projects electricity demand in Smart Cities. The Role of State Electricity Regulatory Commissions and Forum of Regulators are very important to make India’s electricity demand in future.  

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LOCAL VALUE IN GLOBAL SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PARADIGM. THE CASE OF TOURISM IN BALI

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
I Ketut Budarma ◽  
Ketut Suarta
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Local Value

From 1987 economic development is challenged with the sustainability paradigm that aims to promote a sustainable development of a triple bottom lines, economic, social and environmental. UNWTO and WTTC promoted Agenda 21 by stating that tourism stakeholders have to participate in sustainable development of the territories. The engagement of tourism businesses including hotels, equipped themselves with a number of tools such as CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility). By the impregnation and the stage of governmental actions, sustainable development becomes a global value. Thus, transnational hotels operating in Bali are required by Indonesian law since 2007 to integrate the CSR program, requiring them to bring benefit to the local community in a holistic sense. Transnational hotels are required to participate in local sustainable development, but also to meet the requirements of Balinese traditional theological philosophy, ecological and social known as Tri Hita Karana. This research therefore challenges the western paradigm of sustainability, which aspires to universalism by questioning its ability to integrate cultural specificity in the Balinese case, by combining reflective and pragmatic approach, focused more specifically on the particular case of transnational hotels. They are essential agents of the international tourism boom in Bali since 1970. 

scholarly journals The Importance of Collaborative Ecosystems to Boost ‘Smartness’ in Cities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sesil Koutra ◽  
Paulina Rodriguez Fiscal ◽  
Marie Abigail Pacho ◽  
Rallou Taratori ◽  
Pascal Simoens
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Smart City ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Practical Dimension ◽  
Expected Outcomes

Despite the increasing interest in ‘smart city’ initiatives worldwide, current literature still lacks the approaches and models that address challenges in organization and collaboration, which boost sustainability and ‘smartness’ in modern cities. This paper provides an overview of ‘smart city’ ecosystems as a mechanism to promote the expected outcomes of their sustainable development, and highlights the importance of conceptualizing cities from organizational and managerial perspectives. Representative exploratory models of ‘city organization’, which emphasize on the role of ‘governance’ and synergies, are presented to ‘decode’ complex city mechanisms and to determine key components that lead to ‘smart’ initiatives. Interesting case studies and applications are then analysed to examine the practical dimension of these approaches. As a review paper, this article lays out a general framework on the importance of ‘collaboration’, ‘governance’, ‘management’, and ‘ecosystem’. However, 'planning smartly’ and achieving ‘sustainability’ at the level of city ‘organization’ remain as challenges in this pioneering study of smart cities.

The UN Commission on Sustainable Development: Which Mechanisms Explain Its Accomplishments?

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stine Madland Kaasa
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Agenda 21 ◽  
Member States ◽  
Policy Guidance

The UN Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) has been criticized for lack of effectiveness since its establishment in 1993. The main objective of this article is to describe and explain the mechanisms that affect the work of the CSD, in order to understand how it would be possible to enhance the potential for effectiveness. The study aims to apply the perspectives of “distribution of capabilities” and “institutional design” to evaluate the CSD's accomplishments during its fırst ten-year period. I conclude that the CSD has achieved some results in monitoring and reviewing the process on the implementation of Agenda 21 and promoting dialogue and building partnerships for sustainable development, due to the role of the secretariat and nongovernmental organizations. However, the member states' positions and interests have contributed to the CSD's low goal attainment, especially in the area of policy guidance.

Innovations in the field of inter-municipal cooperation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Tej ◽  
Roman Vavrek ◽  
Viera Papcunová
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Shared Services ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Current Structure ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Individual Size

The role of local self-government is to increase the quality of life of inhabitants while respecting the principles of sustainable development and at the same time to ensure the adequacy, availability and quality of public services provided in its territory. The current structure of local self-government in the conditions of Slovakia clearly points to the differences between municipalities, which is illustrated by their different number in individual size categories, although they have the same competencies. Cities and municipalities in the conditions of Slovakia to provide original and transferred competencies mostly independently, but especially in the field of performance of the transferred state administration they enter into mutual cooperation. We evaluated the types of inter-municipal cooperation within two basic groups of inter-municipal cooperation - the traditional forms of cooperation and innovative forms of cooperation. The analysis showed that in the conditions of Slovakia, the most traditional way of inter-municipal cooperation is represented by joint municipal offices. We have also identified innovative approaches in the field of inter-municipal cooperation - such as agreement on shared services, co-ownership´s agency or the SMART cities concept. Such a new inter-municipal cooperation can thus be an important and beneficial change, which can help solve problems arising from the suboptimal size of individual municipalities.

scholarly journals Retrospective and perspectives of the superconducting magnetic levitation (sml) technology applied to urban transportation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3 suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Richard Stephan ◽  
Felipe Costa ◽  
Elkin Rodriguez ◽  
Zigang Deng
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Real Scale

A review of the Superconducting Magnetic Levitation (SML) technology applied to urban transportation will be presented. The historical time line will be highlighted, pointing out the pioneering efforts at Southwest Jiatong University (SWJTU), China, followed by the Supra Trans project in IFW-Dresden, Germany, and the MagLev-Cobra project in UFRJ, Brazil. Background:  Details of the MagLev-Cobra project, the first, and until today the single one, applying the SML technology that counts with a real scale prototype, operating regularly in open air, will be disclosed. The inauguration of the MagLev-Cobra project was on the 1st October 2014, the last day of the “22nd International Conference on Magnetically Levitated Systems and Linear Drives (MAGLEV)” held in Rio de Janeiro. Curiously, this day coincides with the 50th anniversary of the successful operation of the Shinkansen in Tokyo. On the 1st October 1964, the first high-speed wheel and rail train in the world was inaugurated in time for the first Olympic Games that took place in Asia. This historical coincidence is a good omen for the MagLev-Cobra project. In fact, since October 2014, the system operates regularly for demonstration at the UFRJ Campus, every Tuesday. More than 12.000 visitors have already had the opportunity to take a test ride. Aim: The Proceedings of the MAGLEV conferences, which first edition dates back to 1977 (http://www.maglevboard.net), are the documentary files of the importance of this achievement. Initially, the methods named Electromagnetic Levitation (EML) and Electrodynamic Levitation (EDL) were considered. Methods: At the end of last century, due to the availability of Rare Earth Permanent Magnets and High Critical Temperature Superconductors (HTS), an innovative levitation method, called Superconducting Magnetic Levitation (SML), started to be considered. This method is based on the flux pinning effect property of HTS in the proximity of magnetic fields given by rare earth permanent magnets. The first experiments with SML, as expected, were small scale prototypes, or laboratory vehicles for one, two or four passengers, proposed mainly by researchers from Germany, China and Brazil. The Proceedings of the 16th MAGLEV, held in year 2000, confirms this fact. After 14 years of research and development, the team of the Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity (LASUP) of UFRJ achieved the construction of the first real scale operational SML vehicle in the world. Results: This retrospective will be followed by a comparison with the EML technology, that has already four urban commercial systems, will be presented and the application niches delimited. Conclusion: The perspectives of the MagLev-Cobra project and the cooperation efforts with China to turn it a commercial experience will finish the paper. As will be explained, before the commercial application of the MagLev-Cobra technology, the system must be certified and the technical, economic and environmental viability for a first deployment concluded.

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