scholarly journals Optimization Design and Experimental Testing of a Laser Receiver for Use in a Laser Levelling Control System

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Ying Zang ◽  
Shibo Meng ◽  
Lian Hu ◽  
Xiwen Luo ◽  
Runmao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Sampling Points

The elevation detection accuracy of the laser receiver in the laser levelling control system directly affects land-levelling operations. To effectively improve the effect of levelling operations and meet the requirements for the accuracy of elevation detection in different industries, this study optimization designed a multilevel adjustable laser receiver. First, we examined the laser signal detection technology and processing circuit, designed the photoelectric conversion array for the detection of the rotating laser, and converted it into a photocurrent signal. We also designed the filter, amplifier, and shaping and stretching circuits for analogue-to-digital conversion of the photocurrent signal. The digital signal was calculated based on the deviation of the elevation by using a microprocessor and was output by a controller area network (CAN) bus. The laser beam spot diameter transmission and diffusion were then studied, and with the detectable spot diameters were compared and analyzed. Accordingly, an algorithm was proposed to calculate the deviation of laser receiver elevation. The resolution of the elevation deviation was set to ±3 mm; however, this value could be adjusted to ±6 mm, ±9 mm, ±12 mm, and ±15 mm, according to the requirements. Finally, the laser receiver was tested and analyzed, and the test results of the elevation detection accuracy showed that when the laser receiver was within a radius of 90 m, the elevation detection accuracy was within the ±3 mm range. The outcomes of the farmland-levelling test showed that the standard deviation S d of the field surface decreased from 9.54 cm before levelling to 2.42 cm after levelling, and the percentage of sampling points associated with absolute errors of ≤3 cm was 84.06%. These outcomes meet the requirements of high-standard farmland construction. The test results of concrete levelling showed that within a radius of 30 m, the standard deviation S d of the elevation adjustment of the left laser receiver was 1.389 mm, and the standard deviation S d of the elevation adjustment of the right laser receiver was 1.316 mm. Furthermore, the percentage of the sampling points associated with absolute elevation adjustment errors of ≤3 mm in the cases of the two laser receivers was 100% after levelling, whereas the standard deviation S d of the sand bed surface was 0.881 mm. Additionally, the percentage of the sampling points associated with absolute errors of ≤3 mm was 100%. This met the construction standards of the concrete industry.

Design, Manufacturing and Testing of an Aperture Mechanism for a Solar Reactor

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Al Hamidi ◽  
Shameel Abdulla ◽  
Mahmoud El Zamli ◽  
Ihab Rizk ◽  
Nesrin Ozalp
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Trapezoidal Rule ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Solar Reactor ◽  
System A ◽  
Variable Aperture ◽  
Experimental Findings

This study presents the test results of our variable aperture mechanism which allows a solar reactor to dynamically respond to the changes in incoming solar radiation. Virtual prototyping was used to check the control system implemented, while experimental testing helped us to identify the drawbacks of the mechanism and the loop holes in the control system. A comparison of variable aperture verses fixed aperture is given to show the benefits of this mechanism. Numerical methods such as Euler and the trapezoidal rule were used in modeling. Tests results show that varying aperture size saves 2.2% energy during a cloudy day and 0.3% on a sunny day. The results from these experiments have also shown that there is a slight deviation of the aperture blades from their required position (by ±0.5 mm to ±1 mm). But overall, the combination of the control system and the selected hardware along with the aperture assembly responded to the changes successfully. The results of our experimental findings and theoretical calculations showed that this variable aperture concept is able to provide more stable internal temperature inside a solar reactor compared to fixed aperture concepts.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KELILING KELOMPOK (ROUND CLUB) TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS LAPORAN PERJALANAN SISWA KELAS V SDN 01 NAGARI BUKIK SIKUMPA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirda Linda
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Class V ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Lecture Method

This research is motivated by the low desire of students in writing travel reports. The lack of students' knowledge of the report concept, the lack of students' knowledge of the 5W + 1H report points of good and correct language, the lack of students' knowledge of the spatial, time and topic pattern and not yet reached KKM 75. The method used by the teacher has not been interesting, lecture method. The purpose of this study is to describe the skills of writing travel reports by using Round Club learning model which is viewed from the aspect of understanding the report concept, the use of 5W +1H report points, the spatial, time, and topic pattern.The population of this study is the students of class V Lessons Year 2017/2018 which amounted to 2 classes with the number 80. The sample of research as much as two classes taken by the sample of propotional.Class V.1 as experimental class and class V.2 as control class. The research instrument used is performance test. Provide an assessment by specifying the subject of the 5W + 1H report, as well as the spatial, time and topic pattern. Data were analyzed by 't' test by first testing normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis testing.The results showed that the average control class 68 with more than enough qualifications with standard deviation 16.96. 83 experimental class with good qualification and standard deviation of 15.42 and there is a significant influence on the result of writing skill of class V SDN 01 Nagari Bukik SikumpaSubdistrict, Lima Puluh Kota. This is evidenced by the average value of writing skills in the experiment class higher than the average value in the control class. Normality test results indicate that the two sample classes of  Lo  values in the control class -0.2141 are smaller than the normal 0.190 Lt distributed. Homogeneity test results that the variation of this study is homogeneous at a real level of 0.05, because Ftable 2.16 > Fhitung 1.21 and the results of data analysis then obtained = 2.78 > 1.70 t table, so H0 rejected and H1 accepted. It can be concluded that there is Influence. Using  Learning  Model of Student Group Writing  Skills Travel Report of students of class V SDN 01 Nagari Bukik Sikumpa Subdistrict, Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota.KeyWords: model pembelajaran round club, menulis laporan perjalanan.

scholarly journals Deep Transfer Learning Based Intrusion Detection System for Electric Vehicular Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4736
Author(s):  
Sk. Tanzir Mehedi ◽  
Adnan Anwar ◽  
Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Kawsar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Intrusion Detection ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Network Intrusion

The Controller Area Network (CAN) bus works as an important protocol in the real-time In-Vehicle Network (IVN) systems for its simple, suitable, and robust architecture. The risk of IVN devices has still been insecure and vulnerable due to the complex data-intensive architectures which greatly increase the accessibility to unauthorized networks and the possibility of various types of cyberattacks. Therefore, the detection of cyberattacks in IVN devices has become a growing interest. With the rapid development of IVNs and evolving threat types, the traditional machine learning-based IDS has to update to cope with the security requirements of the current environment. Nowadays, the progression of deep learning, deep transfer learning, and its impactful outcome in several areas has guided as an effective solution for network intrusion detection. This manuscript proposes a deep transfer learning-based IDS model for IVN along with improved performance in comparison to several other existing models. The unique contributions include effective attribute selection which is best suited to identify malicious CAN messages and accurately detect the normal and abnormal activities, designing a deep transfer learning-based LeNet model, and evaluating considering real-world data. To this end, an extensive experimental performance evaluation has been conducted. The architecture along with empirical analyses shows that the proposed IDS greatly improves the detection accuracy over the mainstream machine learning, deep learning, and benchmark deep transfer learning models and has demonstrated better performance for real-time IVN security.

scholarly journals An Autonomous Low-Power LoRa-Based Flood-Monitoring System

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Ragnoli ◽  
Gianluca Barile ◽  
Alfiero Leoni ◽  
Giuseppe Ferri ◽  
Vincenzo Stornelli
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Flood Monitoring ◽  
Node Architecture ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wireless Module

The development of Internet of Things (IoT) systems is a rapidly evolving scenario, thanks also to newly available low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies that are utilized for environmental monitoring purposes and to prevent potentially dangerous situations with smaller and less expensive physical structures. This paper presents the design, implementation and test results of a flood-monitoring system based on LoRa technology, tested in a real-world scenario. The entire system is designed in a modular perspective, in order to have the capability to interface different types of sensors without the need for making significant hardware changes to the proposed node architecture. The information is stored through a device equipped with sensors and a microcontroller, connected to a LoRa wireless module for sending data, which are then processed and stored through a web structure where the alarm function is implemented in case of flooding.

Development of a Substation Digital Protection and Control System Using a Fiber-Optic Local Area Network

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 51-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Suzuki ◽  
T. Matsuda ◽  
N. Ohashi ◽  
Y. Sano ◽  
R. Tsukui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Digital Protection ◽  
Protection And Control ◽  
And Control

Design of the Automatic Guided Vehicle Control System Applied to Automotive Logistics

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Guo Song Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Circuit Performance ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Automatic Guided Vehicle ◽  
Distribution Logistics ◽  
Auto Parts ◽  
The Cost

In order to improve the efficiency of auto parts distribution logistics, to lower the cost of auto production in transportation logistics, and to reduce accidents, in this paper it is designed that an automatic guided vehicle control system to replace the manned tractors in the distribution sites. The system is equipped with an infrared homing device that can ensure the automated guided vehicle (AGV) along a predetermined route automatic driving at a given distribution information, without the needs to manually guided. Test results show that the circuit performance of AGV control system is stable to ensure the accuracy of the tracking in the practical application, and the mean absolute error of the tracking is less than 0.04m.

scholarly journals Classroom Instructional Practices of Islamic Education Teachers in the Basic Stage at Al-Mafraq Governorate and Its Relation to Gender and Experience Variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Nosiba Ali Al-Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Instructional Practices ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
T Test ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Social Standard ◽  
Basic Stage ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This study aimed to identify Classroom Instructional Practices of Islamic education teachers<br />at basic stage in AL- Mafraq and to identify the relationship between these practices and<br />gender and experience variables as well as interaction between them. The researcher prepared<br />a scale which its reliability and validity were checked to measure the level of classroom<br />instructional practices. The sample of study which consisted of (64) teachers (male and<br />female) was chosen randomly.<br />Data were collected and analyzed statistically using means, standard deviation, t-test and<br />Tuky test. Results revealed that the classroom studying practices of Islamic education<br />teachers in basic stage in AL- Mafraq agreed with acceptable educational and social standard<br />(80%), whereas the percentage of the classroom instructional practices was (81-89%). The<br />results also revealed lack of statistical significant differences in the classroom instructional<br />practices of Islamic education teachers in the basic stage in AL- Mafraq due to the gender<br />variable but there were statistical significant differences at (0,05=OC) in classroom<br />instructional practices due to experience variable in favor of respondents with experiences ( 4<br />years and less) and 10 years and more).Additionally, there were no statistical significant<br />differences in the classroom instructional practices of Islamic education teachers due to<br />interaction between gender and experience variable. The researcher recommended conducting<br />further studies with different variables.</p>

scholarly journals The Study of Interoperability Test for Onboard Control System in Railway Condition

2011 ◽  
Vol 2-3 ◽  
pp. 785-790
Author(s):  
Jong Hyen Baek ◽  
Yong Kyu Kim ◽  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Hyen Jung Jo
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Train Control ◽  
Interoperability Test ◽  
Critical Characteristics ◽  
Site Test ◽  
Onboard Equipment

For the purpose of improving the future domestic train control systems and securing interoperability, according to the global development trends of train control systems, it is presented that the test results of interoperability between wayside train control systems installed in existed line, and the onboard train control system. Due to the safety-critical characteristics of train systems, the site test in the section where the wayside equipment is installed may lead to a danger against safety. Therefore, by way of constructing a simulation environment of train control systems, the T/R data systems of the equipment for interoperability are confirmed and the interoperability test are obtained by applying these systems to onboard equipment.

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