scholarly journals Experimental Demonstration of Single-Channel EEG Signal Using 32 × 32 Pixel OLED Screen and Camera

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Aggarwal ◽  
Xuewu Dai ◽  
Reza Saatchi ◽  
Richard Binns ◽  
Ajay Sikandar
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Implementation Cost ◽  
Single Lens ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Currently, the radiofrequency (RF)-based wireless technology deployed in electroencephalography (EEG) to diagnose brain diseases suffers from frequency spectrum and electromagnetic interference, and might also have adverse effects on the health of patients and equipment used in hospitals, especially in RF-restricted zones like intensive care units (ICUs). Optical wireless communication (OWC), specifically visible light communication (VLC), is featured in 5G network to complement the radiofrequency (RF) technologies due to the fact that huge unlicensed bandwidth and available infrastructure, both indoor and outdoor, reduces the implementation cost. The conventional VLC systems deploy photodiodes as receivers, requiring hardware and infrastructure modifications in addition to smaller field of view (FOV), but the use of cameras reduce the infrastructure cost due to inbuilt filters and a wider FOV coverage gives the ability to scale a larger area. The wider FOV and the movement of camera rotation, without any additional adjustments to maintain the line-of-sight (LOS), allows the patient to be anywhere within the room and FOV. This paper demonstrates a novel healthcare system for EEG using visible light optical camera communication (VL-OCC), where a 32 × 32 pixel OLED screen acts as transmitter and the receiver section consists of several different cameras such as digital single-lens reflex camera (DLSR), android smartphone, and Thorlabs camera. The experiments were performed in LOS deploying on-off keying (OOK) modulation at several distant measurements to determine the system reliability and stability through bit error rate (BER) performance. The proposed system results depict that the DSLR camera outperforms the smartphone and Thorlabs cameras, as it is capable of transmitting an error free bit rate of 2.8 kbps at 30 fps up to 5.5 m.

scholarly journals Research and Prospect on Key Technologies of Indoor Positioning Based on Visible Light Communication

2022 ◽  
Vol 2160 (1) ◽  
pp. 012074
Author(s):  
Yong Cao ◽  
Yifan Zheng ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Yanbo Liu ◽  
Yi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
White Led ◽  
Wireless Positioning ◽  
Modulation Methods

Abstract Indoor positioning has become a research hotspot because of its important application value in industrial production and daily life. Traditional wireless positioning technologies such as Wi Fi and Bluetooth are difficult to achieve high-precision indoor positioning due to electromagnetic interference and multipath effect. The modulated white LED can not only meet the needs of lighting, but also transmit the location information to achieve high-precision indoor positioning. This paper first introduces several modulation methods commonly used in visible light positioning system, compares the characteristics of different modulation methods, and proposes a modulation method suitable for visible light positioning; Then, two demodulation methods of the visible light positioning system are introduced and discussed; After that, several visible light location algorithms are introduced, and the performance of each algorithm is analyzed in detail; Finally, the problems in visible light positioning are discussed and prospected.

Effects of Sandstorms on Vehicular-to-Road Visible-Light Communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Jasim Ebrahim ◽  
Alauddin Al-Omary
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Weather Phenomenon ◽  
Outdoor Application ◽  
Scatter Light ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

AbstractVisible light communication (VLC), popularly known as light fidelity (Li-Fi), is a promising alternative to overcome the limitations of radio-wave communication. VLC is a green technology which uses light-emitting diode (LED) illumination to transmit data without needing fibre cables. VLC is applicable for both indoor and outdoor communication. In this study, we investigate the effect of sandstorms on VLC via simulating a vehicular-to-road VLC (V2LC) outdoor application. Sandstorms are a weather phenomenon which frequently occurs in the Arab peninsula and other parts of the world; in this context, researchers have not thus far addressed the effect of sand particles, which absorb and scatter light, on VLC. Our simulation is conducted using MATLAB software (Natick, Massachusetts, U.S.A.), and the results show that the effect of sandstorms on VLC is similar to that of fog and rain as investigated by other researchers. However, sandstorms are also different in terms of the nature of sandstorm particles, with different sizes and refraction indices when compared with rain and fog particles. We also find that high-density-clay sandstorms, among other types of storms, most severely affect VLC communication and limit the transmission range. Other low- and medium-density storms less severely affect VLC while exhibiting a relatively larger communication range.

scholarly journals Data Transmission using Visible Light Communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Serial Communication ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Light Spectrum

The demand placed on wireless technology which uses Radio Frequency (RF) in the present society is growing exponentially. In the near future, due to the limited bandwidth of RF spectrum, these resources will reach an overload point. A technique of contradicting the radio frequency spectrum issue is the use of Visible Light Spectrum. Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi) is a research field which uses the visible light band within the Visible Light Communication (VLC). This paper describes the research about VLC, the design method and testing of a VLC prototype using UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) module. The design method consists of serial communication module written in python called pySerial to convert the file data to stream of bits to be sent via LED. The designed prototype is simple, cheap and provides a concrete base for fellow researchers to work further in this field. The principle of VLC is effectively exhibited in this prototype. Also, the feasibility of writing the codes in Python language, proper electronic components used to process bit wise data signals and advantages of serial communication for data transfer are successfully displayed. VLC has major application in indoor communication, underwater communication and in hospitals where radio waves causes Electromagnetic Interference.

scholarly journals A Sallen Key All Pass Filter for Noise Reduction in Visible Light Communication Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1341
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Wireless Channel ◽  
Pass Band ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Optical Wireless ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Red Led

Visible-light communication (VLC) uses a solid-state illumination device for generating high speed communication links. VLC is used throughout world for eliminating the shortage of wireless spectrum resources. The VLC is generally an Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) method and this uses the Light Emitting Diode (LED) for data transmission through the optical wireless channel. The data transmission though the VLC is affected by ambient light interference due to the environment. In this paper, an efficient filter is designed to eliminate the ambient light noises from the received signal. The filter used in the VLC system is Sallen key All Pass Filter (APF) and the red LED and Photo detector (PD) is used in the transmitter and receiver respectively. The Sallen key APF contains three different filter structures such as low pass, band pass and high pass filter. The Sallen APF uses the filter process with respect to the noise. This proposed system is implemented in two different tools namely MATLAB and Electric VLSI. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER), area, power consumption and data rate.

scholarly journals STUDI AWAL RANCANGAN BIDIRECTIONAL-MULTIUSER PADA VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION UNTUK APLIKASI DALAM RUANG (INDOOR)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Syifaul Fuada
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Directional Transmission ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
Transmission Speed

ABSTRAK Visible Light Communication (VLC) atau komunikasi cahaya tampak merupakan teknologi yang sedang on fire selama beberapa tahun ini dan diasumsikan akan terus berlanjut beberapa dekade kedepan karena banyak kelebihan yang ditawarkan, yakni telah tersedia infrastruktur utama berupa lampu penerangan sehingga bersifat cost-effective, bebas lisensi, lebih aman (secure), kecepatan transmisi mencapai GHz, dan tidak memiliki interferensi elektromagnetik. Karena VLC adalah teknologi yang relatif baru, maka standar komunikasinya juga cenderung berkembang ialah standar IEEE 802.15.17 yang terpublikasi akhir tahun 2010 lalu. Standar ini masih mengajukan teknik modulasi dan juga komunikasi pada skenario point-to-point namun sampai saat ini belum mengakomodasi sistem komunikasi dengan skenario Multiuser sekaligus transmisi Bi-directional. Makalah ini merupakan proposal rancangan dalam rangka mendesain sistem VLC secara bi-directional (uplink dan downlink) yang mampu dipakai pada skema multiuser dengan kecepatan bitrate pada downlink mencapai 1 Mbps untuk aplikasi dalam ruang (indoor). Makalah ini terbagi menjadi beberapa bagian pembahasan. Pertama mendefinisikan latar belakang akan dilakukannya sebuah penelitian untuk memperbaiki platform penelitian yang terdahulu dan kontribusinya. Bagian kedua memaparkan penelitian yang relevan beserta state of the art antara penelitian ini dengan lainnya. Bagian ketiga merinci teori dasar. Bagian keempat memaparkan metodologi penelitian dan terakhir adalah batasan masalah dan penutup.   ABSTRACT Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a technology that has been on fire for several years and it is assumed to continue in the next few decades because of the many advantages offered, namely the main infrastructure in the form of lighting so that it is cost-effective, free license, safer (Secure), the transmission speed reaches GHz, and has no electromagnetic interference. Since VLC is a relatively new technology, its communication standards also tend to develop is the IEEE 802.15.17 standard published late 2010. This standard still proposes modulation techniques as well as communications in the point-to-point scenario but until now has not accommodated the communication system with Multiuser scenario as well as Bi-directional transmission. This paper is designed to design a bi-directional (uplink and downlink) VLC system that can be used on multiuser schemes with bitrate speeds downlink of up to 1 Mbps for indoor applications. This paper is divided into several parts of the discussion. First define the background of a research to improve the previous research platform and its contribution. The second part describes the relevant research along with the state of the art between this study and others. The third section details basic theories. The fourth section describes the methodology of research and the last is the limitation of the problem and the conclusion. How to Cite : Fuada, S. (2017). STUDI AWAL RANCANGAN BIDIRECTIONAL-MULTIUSER PADA VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION UNTUK APLIKASI DALAM RUANG (INDOOR). Jurnal Teknik Informatika, 10(1), 27-36. doi:10.15408/jti.v10i1.6813 Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jti.v10i1.6813

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Visible Light Positioning System for Indoor Positioning

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Torres ◽  
Aitor Montes ◽  
Sandra Mendoza ◽  
Pedro Fernández ◽  
Juan Betancourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Time To Market ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Positioning Systems

Currently, a high percentage of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and this proportion will increase in the coming decades. In this context, indoor positioning systems (IPSs) have been a topic of great interest for researchers. On the other hand, Visible Light Communication (VLC) systems have advantages over RF technologies; for instance, they do not need satellite signals or the absence of electromagnetic interference to achieve positioning. Nowadays, in the context of Indoor Positioning (IPS), Visible Light Positioning (VLP) systems have become a strong alternative to RF-based systems, allowing the reduction in costs and time to market. This paper shows a low cost VLP solution for indoor systems. This includes multiple programmable beacons and a receiver which can be plugged to a smartphone running a specific app. The position information will be quickly and securely available through the interchange between the receiver and any configurable LED-beacon which is strategically disposed in an area. The implementation is simple, inexpensive, and no direct communication with any data server is required.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Different Optical Attocells Deployment Models for Indoor Visible Light Communication System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S.M Gismalla ◽  
◽  
M.F.L Abdullah ◽  
Mustafa Sami Ahmed ◽  
Wafi A Mabrouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Visible Light Communication ◽  
Delay Spread ◽  
Interference Immunity ◽  
Rms Delay Spread ◽  
Received Power ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Ber Performance

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising candidate that is expected to revolutionize indoor environment communications performance and fulfill fifth generation and beyond (5GB) technologies requirements. It offers high and free bandwidth, electromagnetic interference immunity, low-cost front end and low power consumption. Also, VLC has dual functions that could be utilized in both illumination and communication concurrently. The number of optical attocells (OAs) and their deployment in the room represent the main issue that should be taken into consideration in designing an optimal VLC system. In this paper, we have introduced a new model of five OAs in the typical room. In addition to an investigation of various optical attocells (OAs) deployment models, in which a multi-variable evaluation was performed in terms of received power, illumination, SNR and RMS delay spread in order to determine the optimal OAs model. Also, various modulation schemes performances were investigated which included NRZ-OOK, BPSK, and QPSK in order to improve the BER performance. Results indicated that BPSK modulation had superior BER performance when compared with all OAs models. Further, a comprehensive results analysis and comparison of all proposed models was conducted over various parameters, in which our new proposed OAs model achieved an optimal performance in comparison with the other models.

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