scholarly journals A Multichannel FRA-Based Impedance Spectrometry Analyzer Based on a Low-Cost Multicore Microcontroller

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Arturo Sanchez-Gonzalez ◽  
Nicolas Medrano ◽  
Belen Calvo ◽  
Pedro A. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Characteristic Impedance ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Electrical Behavior ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Sample Characterization ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Frequency Response Analyzer

Impedance spectrometry (IS) is a characterization technique in which a voltage or current signal is applied to a sample under test to measure its electrical behavior over a determined frequency range, obtaining its complex characteristic impedance. Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA) is an IS technique based on Phase Sensitive Detection (PSD) to extract the real and imaginary response of the sample at each input signal, which presents advantages compared to FFT-based (Fast Fourier Transform) algorithms in terms of complexity and speed. Parallelization of this technique has proven pivotal in multi-sample characterization, reducing the instrumentation size and speeding up analysis processes in, e.g., biotechnological or chemical applications. This work presents a multichannel FRA-based IS system developed on a low-cost multicore microcontroller platform which both generates the required excitation signals and acquires and processes the output sensor data with a minimum number of external passive components, providing accurate impedance measurements. With a suitable configuration, the use of this multicore solution allows characterizing several impedance samples in parallel, reducing the measurement time. In addition, the proposed architecture is easily scalable.

Design of a Kind of Combined Antenna with Wide Band for Passive Radar Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 930-934
Author(s):  
Li Zhong Song ◽  
Xi Li ◽  
Bing Xia Cao
Keyword(s):  
Simple Structure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Characteristic Impedance ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Operating Frequency ◽  
Passive Radar ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Archimedean Spiral ◽  
Operating Frequency Range ◽  
Polarization Characteristics

The wide band antenna is a key technique for the passive radar. This paper proposed a new kind of wide band antenna combined with the Archimedean spiral and hemispherical helix for passive radar application. For the new antenna, the planar Archimedean spiral is mounted on the top of the hemispherical helix, and it is fed at the center of the Archimedean spiral. An antenna with specific structure and parameters was designed and simulated to obtain its radiation performances over the operating frequency range from 2GHz to 10GHz. For entire operating frequency range, the simulated gain is greater than 5 dBi and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 2 when the characteristic impedance of transmission line at the terminal is 240Ω. Wide beam and approximately circular polarization characteristics are also observed. The simulation results demonstrate that the new kind of antenna has wide band radiation performances, which can be used in passive radars. Furthermore, the proposed antenna has simple structure and low cost, so it is suitable for mass fabrication.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Six-Layer Smart Factory Architecture with Special Focus on Transdisciplinary Engineering Education

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2944
Author(s):  
Benjamin James Ralph ◽  
Marcel Sorger ◽  
Benjamin Schödinger ◽  
Hans-Jörg Schmölzer ◽  
Karin Hartl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Programming Environments ◽  
Metal Processing

Smart factories are an integral element of the manufacturing infrastructure in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. Nevertheless, there is frequently a deficiency of adequate training facilities for future engineering experts in the academic environment. For this reason, this paper describes the development and implementation of two different layer architectures for the metal processing environment. The first architecture is based on low-cost but resilient devices, allowing interested parties to work with mostly open-source interfaces and standard back-end programming environments. Additionally, one proprietary and two open-source graphical user interfaces (GUIs) were developed. Those interfaces can be adapted front-end as well as back-end, ensuring a holistic comprehension of their capabilities and limits. As a result, a six-layer architecture, from digitization to an interactive project management tool, was designed and implemented in the practical workflow at the academic institution. To take the complexity of thermo-mechanical processing in the metal processing field into account, an alternative layer, connected with the thermo-mechanical treatment simulator Gleeble 3800, was designed. This framework is capable of transferring sensor data with high frequency, enabling data collection for the numerical simulation of complex material behavior under high temperature processing. Finally, the possibility of connecting both systems by using open-source software packages is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of a Low-Drift Inertial Sensor-Based System for Analysis of Alpine Skiing Performance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2480
Author(s):  
Isidoro Ruiz-García ◽  
Ismael Navarro-Marchal ◽  
Javier Ocaña-Wilhelmi ◽  
Alberto J. Palma ◽  
Pablo J. Gómez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Fusion Algorithm ◽  
Improve Technique ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Sensor Data Fusion

In skiing it is important to know how the skier accelerates and inclines the skis during the turn to avoid injuries and improve technique. The purpose of this pilot study with three participants was to develop and evaluate a compact, wireless, and low-cost system for detecting the inclination and acceleration of skis in the field based on inertial measurement units (IMU). To that end, a commercial IMU board was placed on each ski behind the skier boot. With the use of an attitude and heading reference system algorithm included in the sensor board, the orientation and attitude data of the skis were obtained (roll, pitch, and yaw) by IMU sensor data fusion. Results demonstrate that the proposed IMU-based system can provide reliable low-drifted data up to 11 min of continuous usage in the worst case. Inertial angle data from the IMU-based system were compared with the data collected by a video-based 3D-kinematic reference system to evaluate its operation in terms of data correlation and system performance. Correlation coefficients between 0.889 (roll) and 0.991 (yaw) were obtained. Mean biases from −1.13° (roll) to 0.44° (yaw) and 95% limits of agreements from 2.87° (yaw) to 6.27° (roll) were calculated for the 1-min trials. Although low mean biases were achieved, some limitations arose in the system precision for pitch and roll estimations that could be due to the low sampling rate allowed by the sensor data fusion algorithm and the initial zeroing of the gyroscope.

scholarly journals BIM and IoT Sensors Integration: A Framework for Consumption and Indoor Conditions Data Monitoring of Existing Buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4496
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Desogus ◽  
Emanuela Quaquero ◽  
Giulia Rubiu ◽  
Gianluca Gatto ◽  
Cristian Perra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Building Maintenance ◽  
Indoor Conditions

The low accessibility to the information regarding buildings current performances causes deep difficulties in planning appropriate interventions. Internet of Things (IoT) sensors make available a high quantity of data on energy consumptions and indoor conditions of an existing building that can drive the choice of energy retrofit interventions. Moreover, the current developments in the topic of the digital twin are leading the diffusion of Building Information Modeling (BIM) methods and tools that can provide valid support to manage all data and information for the retrofit process. This paper shows the aim and the findings of research focused on testing the integrated use of BIM methodology and IoT systems. A common data platform for the visualization of building indoor conditions (e.g., temperature, luminance etc.) and of energy consumption parameters was carried out. This platform, tested on a case study located in Italy, is developed with the integration of low-cost IoT sensors and the Revit model. To obtain a dynamic and automated exchange of data between the sensors and the BIM model, the Revit software was integrated with the Dynamo visual programming platform and with a specific Application Programming Interface (API). It is an easy and straightforward tool that can provide building managers with real-time data and information about the energy consumption and the indoor conditions of buildings, but also allows for viewing of the historical sensor data table and creating graphical historical sensor data. Furthermore, the BIM model allows the management of other useful information about the building, such as dimensional data, functions, characteristics of the components of the building, maintenance status etc., which are essential for a much more conscious, effective and accurate management of the building and for defining the most suitable retrofit scenarios.

scholarly journals 3D Affine: An Embedding of Local Image Features for Viewpoint Invariance Using RGB-D Sensor Data

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdi Sahloul ◽  
Shouhei Shirafuji ◽  
Jun Ota
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Image Feature ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Invariant Representation ◽  
Depth Sensors ◽  
Viewpoint Invariance ◽  
Surface Discontinuities ◽  
Local Image ◽  
Local Image Features

Local image features are invariant to in-plane rotations and robust to minor viewpoint changes. However, the current detectors and descriptors for local image features fail to accommodate out-of-plane rotations larger than 25°–30°. Invariance to such viewpoint changes is essential for numerous applications, including wide baseline matching, 6D pose estimation, and object reconstruction. In this study, we present a general embedding that wraps a detector/descriptor pair in order to increase viewpoint invariance by exploiting input depth maps. The proposed embedding locates smooth surfaces within the input RGB-D images and projects them into a viewpoint invariant representation, enabling the detection and description of more viewpoint invariant features. Our embedding can be utilized with different combinations of descriptor/detector pairs, according to the desired application. Using synthetic and real-world objects, we evaluated the viewpoint invariance of various detectors and descriptors, for both standalone and embedded approaches. While standalone local image features fail to accommodate average viewpoint changes beyond 33.3°, our proposed embedding boosted the viewpoint invariance to different levels, depending on the scene geometry. Objects with distinct surface discontinuities were on average invariant up to 52.8°, and the overall average for all evaluated datasets was 45.4°. Similarly, out of a total of 140 combinations involving 20 local image features and various objects with distinct surface discontinuities, only a single standalone local image feature exceeded the goal of 60° viewpoint difference in just two combinations, as compared with 19 different local image features succeeding in 73 combinations when wrapped in the proposed embedding. Furthermore, the proposed approach operates robustly in the presence of input depth noise, even that of low-cost commodity depth sensors, and well beyond.

Based on FPGA Intelligent Physiological Parameters Acquisition

2013 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Shun Ren Hu ◽  
Ya Chen Gan ◽  
Ming Bao ◽  
Jing Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Physiological Signal ◽  
Pulse Sensor ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Design Ideas

For the physiological signal monitoring applications, as a micro-controller based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) physiological parameters intelligent acquisition system is given, which has the advantages of low cost, high speed, low power consumption. FPGA is responsible for the completion of pulse sensor, the temperature sensor, acceleration sensor data acquisition and serial output and so on. Focuses on the design ideas and architecture of the various subsystems of the whole system, gives the internal FPGA circuit diagram of the entire system. The whole system is easy to implement and has a very good promotional value.

Low Cost Sensor Data Fusion in Omnidirectional Mobile Robot Feedback System to Improve the Navigation Accuracy

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 791-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Kang Tey ◽  
Che Fai Yeong ◽  
Yip Loon Seow ◽  
Eileen Lee Ming Su ◽  
Swee Ho Tang
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Sensor Fusion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Research Setting ◽  
Fusion Technique ◽  
Omnidirectional Mobile Robot ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Navigation Accuracy

Omnidirectional mobile robot has gained popularity among researchers. However, omnidirectional mobile robot is rarely been applied in industry field especially in the factory which is relatively more dynamic than normal research setting condition. Hence, it is very important to have a stable yet reliable feedback system to allow a more efficient and better performance controller on the robot. In order to ensure the reliability of the robot, many of the researchers use high cost solution in the feedback of the robot. For example, there are researchers use global camera as feedback. This solution has increases the cost of the robot setup fee to a relatively high amount. The setup system is also hard to modify and lack of flexibility. In this paper, a novel sensor fusion technique is proposed and the result is discussed.

scholarly journals Social Touch Gesture Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Albawi ◽  
Oguz Bayat ◽  
Saad Al-Azawi ◽  
Osman N. Ucan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Gesture Recognition ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Original Frame

Recently, social touch gesture recognition has been considered an important topic for touch modality, which can lead to highly efficient and realistic human-robot interaction. In this paper, a deep convolutional neural network is selected to implement a social touch recognition system for raw input samples (sensor data) only. The touch gesture recognition is performed using a dataset previously measured with numerous subjects that perform varying social gestures. This dataset is dubbed as the corpus of social touch, where touch was performed on a mannequin arm. A leave-one-subject-out cross-validation method is used to evaluate system performance. The proposed method can recognize gestures in nearly real time after acquiring a minimum number of frames (the average range of frame length was from 0.2% to 4.19% from the original frame lengths) with a classification accuracy of 63.7%. The achieved classification accuracy is competitive in terms of the performance of existing algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed system outperforms other classification algorithms in terms of classification ratio and touch recognition time without data preprocessing for the same dataset.

High-voltage synthetic inductor for vibration damping in resonant piezoelectric shunt

2020 ◽  
pp. 107754632095261
Author(s):  
Kevin Dekemele ◽  
Patrick Van Torre ◽  
Mia Loccufier
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Material ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Vibration Damping ◽  
Operational Amplifiers ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Resonant Condition ◽  
Passive Components ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Resonant Shunt

Resonant piezoelectric shunts are a well-established way to reduce vibrations of mechanical systems suffering from resonant condition. The vibration energy is transferred to the electrical domain through the bonded piezoelectric material where it is dissipated in the shunt. Typically, electrical and mechanical resonance frequencies are several orders apart. As such, finding a suitable high inductance component for the resonant shunt is not feasible. Therefore, these high inductance values are mimicked through synthetic impedances, consisting of operational amplifiers and passive components. A downside of these synthetic impedances is that standard operational amplifiers can only handle up to 30 V peak to peak and the state-of-the-art amplifiers up to 100 Vpp. However, as mechanical structures tend to become lighter and more flexible, the order induced voltages over the piezoelectric material electrode voltages increase above these limitations. In this research, a high-voltage synthetic inductor is proposed and built by combining the bridge amplifier configuration and the output voltage boost configuration around a single operational amplifier gyrator circuit, effectively quadrupling the range of the synthetic inductor to 400 Vpp. The impedance of the circuit over a frequency range is numerically and experimentally investigated. The synthetic inductor is then connected to a piezoelectric material bonded to a cantilever beam. Numerical and experimental investigation confirms the high-voltage operation of the implemented circuit and its suitability as a vibration damping circuit.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document