scholarly journals Concurrent Validation of 3D Joint Angles during Gymnastics Techniques Using Inertial Measurement Units

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1251
Author(s):  
Joana Barreto ◽  
César Peixoto ◽  
Sílvia Cabral ◽  
Andrew Mark Williams ◽  
Filipe Casanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Optoelectronic System ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mean Square Errors

There are advantages in using inertial measurement unit systems (IMUS) for biomechanical analysis when compared to 2D/3D video-based analysis. The main advantage is the ability to analyze movement in the natural performance environment, preserving the ecological validity of the task. Coaches can access accurate and detailed data in real time and use it to optimize feedback and performance. Efforts are needed to validate the accuracy of IMUS. We assess the accuracy of the IMUS Xsens MVN Link system using an optoelectronic system (OS) as a reference when measuring 3D joint angles during the gymnastics round-off back handspring technique. We collected movement kinematics from 10 participants. The coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) results showed very good and excellent values for the majority of the joint angles, except for neck flexion/extension (F/E). Root mean square errors (RMSE) were below/near 10°, with slightly higher values for shoulder (12.571°), ankle (11.068°), thorax-thigh F/E (21.416°), and thorax–thigh internal/external rotation (I/E) (16.312°). Significant SPM-1D {t} differences for thorax–thigh abduction/adduction (A/A), neck, thorax–thigh, knee, shoulder and ankle F/E were demonstrated during small temporal periods. Our findings suggest that the Xsens MVN Link system provides valid data that can be used to provide feedback in training.

scholarly journals Estimation of 3D Knee Joint Angles during Cycling Using Inertial Sensors: Accuracy of a Novel Sensor-to-Segment Calibration Procedure Based on Pedaling Motion

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Cordillet ◽  
Nicolas Bideau ◽  
Benoit Bideau ◽  
Guillaume Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Flexion Extension

This paper presents a novel sensor-to-segment calibration procedure for inertial sensor-based knee joint kinematics analysis during cycling. This procedure was designed to be feasible in-field, autonomously, and without any external operator or device. It combines a static standing up posture and a pedaling task. The main goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of the new sensor-to-segment calibration method (denoted as the ‘cycling’ method) by calculating errors in terms of body-segment orientations and 3D knee joint angles using inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based and optoelectronic-based motion capture. To do so, 14 participants were evaluated during pedaling motion at a workload of 100 W, which enabled comparisons of the cycling method with conventional calibration methods commonly employed in gait analysis. The accuracy of the cycling method was comparable to that of other methods concerning the knee flexion/extension angle, and did not exceed 3.8°. However, the cycling method presented the smallest errors for knee internal/external rotation (6.65 ± 1.94°) and abduction/adduction (5.92 ± 2.85°). This study demonstrated that a calibration method based on the completion of a pedaling task combined with a standing posture significantly improved the accuracy of 3D knee joint angle measurement when applied to cycling analysis.

scholarly journals Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors in Assistive Technologies for Visually Impaired People, a Review

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4767
Author(s):  
Karla Miriam Reyes Leiva ◽  
Milagros Jaén-Vargas ◽  
Benito Codina ◽  
José Javier Serrano Olmedo
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Application Fields

A diverse array of assistive technologies have been developed to help Visually Impaired People (VIP) face many basic daily autonomy challenges. Inertial measurement unit sensors, on the other hand, have been used for navigation, guidance, and localization but especially for full body motion tracking due to their low cost and miniaturization, which have allowed the estimation of kinematic parameters and biomechanical analysis for different field of applications. The aim of this work was to present a comprehensive approach of assistive technologies for VIP that include inertial sensors as input, producing results on the comprehension of technical characteristics of the inertial sensors, the methodologies applied, and their specific role in each developed system. The results show that there are just a few inertial sensor-based systems. However, these sensors provide essential information when combined with optical sensors and radio signals for navigation and special application fields. The discussion includes new avenues of research, missing elements, and usability analysis, since a limitation evidenced in the selected articles is the lack of user-centered designs. Finally, regarding application fields, it has been highlighted that a gap exists in the literature regarding aids for rehabilitation and biomechanical analysis of VIP. Most of the findings are focused on navigation and obstacle detection, and this should be considered for future applications.

scholarly journals Validity and sensitivity of an inertial measurement unit-driven biomechanical model of motor variability for gait

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bailey ◽  
Thomas Uchida ◽  
Julie Nantel ◽  
Ryan Graham
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Local Dynamic ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Motor Variability ◽  
Arm Swing ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Local Dynamic Stability

Motor variability in gait is frequently linked to fall risk, yet field-based biomechanical joint evaluations are scarce. We evaluated the validity and sensitivity of an inertial measurement unit (IMU)-driven biomechanical model of joint angle variability for gait. Fourteen healthy young adults completed seven-minute trials of treadmill gait at several speeds and arm swing amplitudes. Joint kinematics were estimated by IMU- and optoelectronic-based models using OpenSim. We calculated range of motion (ROM), magnitude of variability (meanSD), local dynamic stability (λmax), persistence of ROM fluctuations (DFAα), and regularity (SaEn) of each angle over 200 continuous strides, and evaluated model accuracy (e.g., RMSD: root mean square difference), consistency (ICC2,1: intraclass correlation), biases, limits of agreement, and sensitivity to within-participant gait responses (effects of Speed and Swing). RMSDs of joint angles were 1.7–7.5° (pooled mean of 4.8°), excluding ankle inversion. ICCs were mostly good–excellent in the primary plane of motion for ROM and in all planes for meanSD and λmax, but were poor–moderate for DFAα and SaEn. Modeled Speed and Swing responses for ROM, meanSD, and λmax were similar. Results suggest that the IMU-driven model is valid and sensitive for field-based assessments of joint angles and several motor variability features.

scholarly journals Rigorous Boresight Self-Calibration of Mobile and UAV LiDAR Scanning Systems by Strip Adjustment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Junxiang Tan ◽  
Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Self Calibration ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Mean Square Errors ◽  
Scanning Systems

Mobile LiDAR Scanning (MLS) systems and UAV LiDAR Scanning (ULS) systems equipped with precise Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) positioning units and LiDAR sensors are used at an increasing rate for the acquisition of high density and high accuracy point clouds because of their safety and efficiency. Without careful calibration of the boresight angles of the MLS systems and ULS systems, the accuracy of data acquired would degrade severely. This paper proposes an automatic boresight self-calibration method for the MLS systems and ULS systems using acquired multi-strip point clouds. The boresight angles of MLS systems and ULS systems are expressed in the direct geo-referencing equation and corrected by minimizing the misalignments between points scanned from different directions and different strips. Two datasets scanned by MLS systems and two datasets scanned by ULS systems were used to verify the proposed boresight calibration method. The experimental results show that the root mean square errors (RMSE) of misalignments between point correspondences of the four datasets after boresight calibration are 2.1 cm, 3.4 cm, 5.4 cm, and 6.1 cm, respectively, which are reduced by 59.6%, 75.4%, 78.0%, and 94.8% compared with those before boresight calibration.

An inertial measurement unit tracking system for body movement in comparison with optical tracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (7) ◽  
pp. 728-737
Author(s):  
Rui Li ◽  
Barclay Jumet ◽  
Hongliang Ren ◽  
WenZhan Song ◽  
Zion Tsz Ho Tse
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Optical Tracking System ◽  
Microelectromechanical System ◽  
Inertial Measurement

The recent advancement of motion tracking technology offers better treatment tools for conditions, such as movement disorders, as the outcome of the rehabilitation could be quantitatively defined. The accurate and fast angular information output of the inertial measurement unit tracking systems enables the collection of accurate kinematic data for clinical assessment. This article presents a study of a low-cost microelectromechanical system inertial measurement unit-based tracking system in comparison with the conventional optical tracking system. The system consists of seven microelectromechanical system inertial measurement units, which could be mounted on the lower limbs of the subjects. For the feasibility test, 10 human participants were instructed to perform three different motions: walking, running, and fencing lunges when wearing specially designed sleeves. The subjects’ lower body movements were tracked using our inertial measurement unit-based system and compared with the gold standard—the NDI Polaris Vega optical tracking system. The results of the angular comparison between the inertial measurement unit and the NDI Polaris Vega optical tracking system were as follows: the average cross-correlation value was 0.85, the mean difference of joint angles was 2.00°, and the standard deviation of joint angles was ± 2.65°. The developed microelectromechanical system–based tracking system provides an alternative low-cost solution to track joint movement. Moreover, it is able to operate on an Android platform and could potentially be used to assist outdoor or home-based rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Design, Validity, and Reliability of a New Test, Based on an Inertial Measurement Unit System, for Measuring Cervical Posture and Motor Control in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Cristina Carmona-Pérez ◽  
Alberto Pérez-Ruiz ◽  
Juan L. Garrido-Castro ◽  
Francisco Torres Vidal ◽  
Sandra Alcaraz-Clariana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Functional Measures ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Cervical Posture

Objective: The aim of this study was to design and propose a new test based on inertial measurement unit (IMU) technology, for measuring cervical posture and motor control in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to evaluate its validity and reliability. Methods: Twenty-four individuals with CP (4–14 years) and 24 gender- and age-matched controls were evaluated with a new test based on IMU technology to identify and measure any movement in the three spatial planes while the individual is seated watching a two-minute video. An ellipse was obtained encompassing 95% of the flexion/extension and rotation movements in the sagittal and transversal planes. The protocol was repeated on two occasions separated by 3 to 5 days. Construct and concurrent validity were assessed by determining the discriminant capacity of the new test and by identifying associations between functional measures and the new test outcomes. Relative reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test–retest data. Absolute reliability was obtained by the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the Minimum Detectable Change at a 90% confidence level (MDC90). Results: The discriminant capacity of the area and both dimensions of the new test was high (Area Under the Curve ≈ 0.8), and consistent multiple regression models were identified to explain functional measures with new test results and sociodemographic data. A consistent trend of ICCs higher than 0.8 was identified for CP individuals. Finally, the SEM can be considered low in both groups, although the high variability among individuals determined some high MDC90 values, mainly in the CP group. Conclusions: The new test, based on IMU data, is valid and reliable for evaluating posture and motor control in children with CP.

scholarly journals Sit-To-Stand Movement Evaluated Using an Inertial Measurement Unit Embedded in Smart Glasses—A Validation Study

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 5019
Author(s):  
Justine Hellec ◽  
Frédéric Chorin ◽  
Andrea Castagnetti ◽  
Serge S. Colson
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Optoelectronic System ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Smart Glasses ◽  
Absolute Reliability

Wearable sensors have recently been used to evaluate biomechanical parameters of everyday movements, but few have been located at the head level. This study investigated the relative and absolute reliability (intra- and inter-session) and concurrent validity of an inertial measurement unit (IMU) embedded in smart eyeglasses during sit-to-stand (STS) movements for the measurement of maximal acceleration of the head. Reliability and concurrent validity were investigated in nineteen young and healthy participants by comparing the acceleration values of the glasses’ IMU to an optoelectronic system. Sit-to-stand movements were performed in laboratory conditions using standardized tests. Participants wore the smart glasses and completed two testing sessions with STS movements performed at two speeds (slow and comfortable) under two different conditions (with and without a cervical collar). Both the vertical and anteroposterior acceleration values were collected and analyzed. The use of the cervical collar did not significantly influence the results obtained. The relative reliability intra- and inter-session was good to excellent (i.e., intraclass correlation coefficients were between 0.78 and 0.91) and excellent absolute reliability (i.e., standard error of the measurement lower than 10% of the average test or retest value) was observed for the glasses, especially for the vertical axis. Whatever the testing sessions in all conditions, significant correlations (p < 0.001) were found for the acceleration values recorded either in the vertical axis and in the anteroposterior axis between the glasses and the optoelectronic system. Concurrent validity between the glasses and the optoelectronic system was observed. Our observations indicate that the IMU embedded in smart glasses is accurate to measure vertical acceleration during STS movements. Further studies should investigate the use of these smart glasses to assess the STS movement in unstandardized settings (i.e., clinical and/or home) and to report vertical acceleration values in an elderly population of fallers and non-fallers.

scholarly journals A three dimensional multiplane kinematic model for bilateral hind limb gait analysis in cats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan P. Brown ◽  
Gina E. Bertocci ◽  
Kimberly A. Cheffer ◽  
Dena R. Howland
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Plane Model ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Joint Flexion

AbstractBackground: Kinematic gait analysis is an important noninvasive technique used for quantitative evaluation and description of locomotion and other movements in healthy and injured populations. Three dimensional (3D) kinematic analysis offers additional outcome measures including internal-external rotation not characterized using sagittal plane analysis techniques.Methods: The objectives of this study were to 1) develop and evaluate a 3D hind limb multiplane kinematic model for gait analysis in cats using joint coordinate systems, 2) implement and compare two 3D stifle (knee) prediction techniques, and 3) compare flexion-extension determined using the multiplane model to a sagittal plane model. Walking gait was recorded in 3 female adult cats (age = 2.9 years, weight = 3.5 ± 0.2 kg). Kinematic outcomes included flexion-extension, internal-external rotation, and abduction-adduction of the hip, stifle, and tarsal (ankle) joints.Results: Each multiplane stifle prediction technique yielded similar findings. Joint angles determined using markers placed on skin above bony landmarks in vivo were similar to joint angles determined using a feline hind limb skeleton in which markers were placed directly on landmarks ex vivo. Differences in hip, stifle, and tarsal joint flexion-extension were demonstrated when comparing the multiplane model to the sagittal plane model.Conclusions: This multiplane cat kinematic model can predict joint rotational kinematics as a tool that can quantify frontal, transverse, and sagittal plane motion. This model has multiple advantages given its ability to characterize joint internal-external rotation and abduction-adduction. A further, important benefit is greater accuracy in representing joint flexion-extension movements.

scholarly journals Assessing Shoulder Biomechanics of Healthy Elderly Individuals During Activities of Daily Living Using Inertial Measurement Units: High Maximum Elevation Is Achievable but Rarely Used

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Chapman ◽  
Michael T. Torchia ◽  
John-Erik Bell ◽  
Douglas W. Van Citters
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Shoulder Function ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Maximum Elevation ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Shoulder Elevation

Current shoulder clinical range of motion (ROM) assessments (e.g., goniometric ROM) may not adequately represent shoulder function beyond controlled clinical settings. Relative inertial measurement unit (IMU) motion quantifies ROM precisely and can be used outside of clinic settings capturing “real-world” shoulder function. A novel IMU-based shoulder elevation quantification method was developed via IMUs affixed to the sternum/humerus, respectively. This system was then compared to in-laboratory motion capture (MOCAP) during prescribed motions (flexion, abduction, scaption, and internal/external rotation). MOCAP/IMU elevation were equivalent during flexion (R2 = 0.96, μError = 1.7 deg), abduction (R2 = 0.96, μError = 2.9 deg), scaption (R2 = 0.98, μError = −0.3 deg), and internal/external rotation (R2 = 0.90, μError = 0.4 deg). When combined across movements, MOCAP/IMU elevation were equal (R2 = 0.98, μError = 1.4 deg). Following validation, the IMU-based system was deployed prospectively capturing continuous shoulder elevation in 10 healthy individuals (4 M, 69 ± 20 years) without shoulder pathology for seven consecutive days (13.5 ± 2.9 h/day). Elevation was calculated continuously daily and outcome metrics included percent spent in discrete ROM (e.g., 0–5 deg and 5–10 deg), repeated maximum elevation (i.e., >10 occurrences), and maximum/average elevation. Average elevation was 40 ± 6 deg. Maximum with >10 occurrences and maximum were on average 145–150 deg and 169 ± 8 deg, respectively. Subjects spent the vast majority of the day (97%) below 90 deg of elevation, with the most time spent in the 25–30 deg range (9.7%). This study demonstrates that individuals have the ability to achieve large ROMs but do not frequently do so. These results are consistent with the previously established lab-based measures. Moreover, they further inform how healthy individuals utilize their shoulders and may provide clinicians a reference for postsurgical ROM.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Hip and Knee Joint Angles Using a Single Inertial Measurement Unit During Lower Limb Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1557-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Bonnet ◽  
Vladimir Joukov ◽  
Dana Kulic ◽  
Philippe Fraisse ◽  
Nacim Ramdani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Inertial Measurement Unit ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Limb Rehabilitation ◽  
Lower Limb Rehabilitation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document