scholarly journals Nurturing Family Environments for Children: Compassion-Focused Parenting as a Form of Parenting Intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Parenting Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Externalizing Behaviour ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

The style of parenting a child receives has profound long-term impacts on that child’s life. Yet, the rates of child maltreatment globally are high (in both developing and developed countries), indicating that many children around the world are being raised in toxic environments. Evidence-based parenting programs (EBPPs) have been demonstrated to have positive impacts on improving parenting style, whilst reducing childhood social, emotional and behavioural problems. EBPPs originated out of a need to address externalizing behaviour problems and to address conduct problems, and compliance became a key target of these parenting models. Thus, many EBPPs were developed in an era where operant and social learning theory-based approaches to parenting were most prominent and these parenting models still prevail today. This paper has one major aim—to demonstrate how the next generation of EBPPs need to be grounded in evolved caring motivational systems and affiliative emotion processing, which requires an understanding of the evolved processes involved in parent-offspring caring. This new approach to parenting is called, ‘compassion-focused parenting’, and this new approach to parenting will be described.

scholarly journals Effects of Institutional Quality on FDI in Provinces of Vietnam: Empirical Evidence Based on Differenced Panel GMM

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 26-45
Author(s):  
Bon Nguyen Van
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been strongly affecting the world economy during the past years and is a critical topic for both developing and developed countries. Most countries, particularly developing ones, always attempt to adjust and modify appropriate policies and institutions to attract FDI inflows. In the context of Vietnam, does the institutional quality have any effect on attracting FDI inflows in provinces? To answer clearly and exactly this question, the impact of institutional quality on attracting FDI inflows is empirically investigated in a sample of 43 provinces of Vietnam over the period of 2005–2012 via the estimation technique of difference panel GMM. Estimated results indicate that in the total sample of all provinces the institutional quality has significantly positive effects on the FDI flows. However, in the sub-sample of provinces the impact of the institutional quality on attracting FDI inflows in Northern and Southern regions are statistically significant while that in Central region is not.

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Effect of Electroacupuncture Therapy for Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bao-Hai Yu ◽  
Ying Xing ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Mark Moss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Flow Interruption ◽  
Swallowing Dysfunction ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation is a supplementary therapy and commonly applied in treatment of ischemic stroke in clinic. Stroke is an important cause of long-term disability in individuals in both developing and developed countries. In our review, we show the application of EA stimulation for apoplectic pain, limbs spasticity, blood flow interruption, depression, swallowing dysfunction, aphasia, urinary incontinence, cognition and memory impairment, and constipation following stroke in patients and the related mechanisms in animals. The effectiveness of EA involves with acupoints, intensity, intervals, and duration of intervention for treatment of stroke. The combination of EA and common rehabilitation treatment may exert better effect compared with EA alone. In summary, EA might provide a potential treatment strategy for treating apoplectic patients in clinic.

Smoking cessation guidelines: evidence-based recommendations of the French Health Products Safety Agency

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Le Foll ◽  
P. Melihan-Cheinin ◽  
G. Rostoker ◽  
G. Lagrue ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health Products

AbstractTobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in developed countries. Millions of smokers are willing to stop, but few of them are able to do so. Clinicians should only use approaches that have demonstrated their efficacy in helping patients to stop smoking. This article summarizes the evidence-based major findings and clinical recommendations for the treatment of tobacco dependence of the French Health Products Safety Agency (AFSSAPS). Clinicians should enquire about the smoking status of each patient and provide information about health consequence of smoking and effective treatments available. These treatments include counseling (mainly individual or social support and behavioral and cognitive therapy) and pharmacological treatment with either nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) or bupropion LP. Pharmacological treatments should be used only for proven nicotine dependence, as assessed by the Fagerstrom test for Nicotine Dependence. The choice of pharmacologic treatment depends of the patient's preference and history and of the presence of contra-indications. The clinician should start with a single agent, but these treatments may be used in combination. Smoking behavior is a chronic problem that requires long-term management and follow-up. Access to intensive treatment combining pharmacological treatment and extensive behavioral and cognitive therapy should be available for highly dependent patients.

scholarly journals The influence of competition and vaccination on the coexistence of two pneumococcal serotypes

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. ZHANG ◽  
K. AURANEN ◽  
M. EICHNER
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Pneumococcal Serotypes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Pathogenic Serotypes ◽  
Transmission Models ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is one of the most important bacterial pathogens and a leading cause of mucosal infections (e.g. otitis media) and various forms of serious diseases (e.g. pneumonia, meningitis, bacteraemia) in developing and developed countries. Based on the polysaccharide capsule, there are at least 90 different pneumococcal serotypes, which may compete with each other to colonize the nasopharynx. Newly developed protein–polysaccharide conjugated vaccines have been shown to provide protection against disease caused by the serotypes included in the vaccine, and also against colonization (carriage). It is feared that yet uncommon, but nonetheless pathogenic serotypes which have been suppressed by competition, may become more prevalent in carriage and disease after large-scale use of conjugate vaccines. In this paper, we use transmission models of pneumococcal carriage to study how competition and vaccination influence the coexistence of two serotypes. According to our results, direct (physical) competition between two pneumococcal serotypes only influences colonization if the duration of naturally acquired immunity is short. By contrast, indirect (antibody-mediated) competition is of influence only if naturally acquired immunity is long lasting. Vaccination reduces the prevalence of the target serotype – an effect that is enforced by the presence of directly competing bacteria. The emergence of a non-target serotype after vaccination is only observed if bacteria compete directly. These results emphasize the importance of studying whether bacteria compete directly or indirectly and for how long people are protected in order to assess the long-term effects of sero-competition.

Compassion-Focused Parenting

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Parenting Programs ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Wide Scale

The parenting a child receives has profound long-term impacts on that child’s life. The rates of child maltreatment globally are high. Evidence-based parenting programs have been demonstrated to have positive impacts on improving parenting style, whilst reducing childhood social, emotional, and behavioral problems. However, uptake in parenting interventions remains low, and governments have been reluctant to provide evidence-based parenting on a wide scale. This chapter aims, first, to show how the adoption of a public health approach to parenting can be considered wide-scale compassionate action, one that will reduce rates of child maltreatment (suffering), which is also cost-effective. Second, I argue that the next generation of evidence-based parenting programs need to be grounded in evolved, caring motivational systems and affiliative emotion processing, which requires an understanding of the evolved processes involved in parent–offspring caring and brain functioning. This new approach to parenting, “compassion-focused parenting,” will be described.

The level of TQM application by construction contractors in Hong Kong

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W.T. Lau ◽  
S.L. Tang ◽  
Y.S. Li
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Supplier Management ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
High Level ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Purpose – In 2000, the Hong Kong Government commissioned the Construction Industry Review Committee (CIRC) to provide a thorough review of the strengths/weaknesses of the Hong Kong construction industry and to recommend improvement measures. The CIRC’s report, released in 2001, recommended many improvement measures related to total quality management (TQM) principles. Despite many of these improvement recommendations being fulfilled in the ten years following the release of the report, there is a lack of literature documenting these achievements and the corresponding level of TQM application. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the level of TQM application by construction contractors in Hong Kong using a questionnaire survey. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review was conducted and a survey questionnaire was then designed for a full-scale survey. The data collected from the survey were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Correlations between the respondents’ scores on the survey questions were established. Findings – The survey findings indicate a moderately high level of application of TQM principles, reflecting a moderately high achievement in implementing the CIRC’s intended improvements. The TQM application level is comparable to that of Singapore, which is also a country with a high Chinese population. The findings further suggest that organisational learning and supplier management are the two major TQM principles that contractors should focus on to sustain their long-term businesses. Practical implications – The Hong Kong experience should be of interest to other developing and developed countries, both regionally and globally, in search of a similar paradigm for improving quality. Originality/value – This research is the first one done as to the level of TQM application in the Hong Kong construction industry. No one has done it before so this is the originality. The results are not only valuable to the stakeholders in construction in Hong Kong, but also to other developing and developed countries, both regionally and globally, in search of a similar paradigm for raising their quality culture.

scholarly journals What is a nurse-led service? A discussion paper

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Khair ◽  
Steve Chaplin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Discussion Paper ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
More Care ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Abstract The terms ‘nurse-led service’ and ‘nurse-led care’ are often used, but are frequently not well defined. As health care delivery evolves across the world and struggles to cope with changes in medical care and with the rising number of people living longer with long term conditions, it is frequently suggested that more care should be delivered and coordinated by nurses who have the most day-to-day contact with affected individuals and their families. This paper addresses the notion of modern ‘nurse-led’ care in the 21st century, with a focus on haemophilia. Haemophilia is one specialty in which totally nurse-led and delivered care could become a reality, there is already evidence from both developing and developed countries of nurses providing excellent and innovative haemophilia care.

scholarly journals Recommendations on Complementary Feeding as a Tool for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)—Paper Co-Drafted by the SIPPS, FIMP, SIDOHaD, and SINUPE Joint Working Group

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Margherita Caroli ◽  
Andrea Vania ◽  
Maria Carmen Verga ◽  
Giuseppe Di Mauro ◽  
Marcello Bergamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Local Foods ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cultural Choices ◽  
The Relationship

Adequate and balanced nutrition is essential to promote optimal child growth and a long and healthy life. After breastfeeding, the second step is the introduction of complementary feeding (CF), a process that typically covers the period from 6 to 24 months of age. This process is, however, still highly controversial, as it is heavily influenced by socio-cultural choices, as well as by the availability of specific local foods, by family traditions, and pediatrician beliefs. The Società Italiana di Pediatria Preventiva e Sociale (SIPPS) together with the Federazione Italiana Medici Pediatri (FIMP), the Società Italiana per lo Sviluppo e le Origine della Salute e delle Malattie (SIDOHaD), and the Società Italiana di Nutrizione Pediatrica (SINUPE) have developed evidence-based recommendations for CF, given the importance of nutrition in the first 1000 days of life in influencing even long-term health outcomes. This paper includes 38 recommendations, all of them strictly evidence-based and overall addressed to developed countries. The recommendations in question cover several topics such as the appropriate age for the introduction of CF, the most appropriate quantitative and qualitative modalities to be chosen, and the relationship between CF and the development of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) later in life.

scholarly journals A study to assess the quality of life among the women with osteoarthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2711-2715
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneshwari G ◽  
Thephilah Cathrine R ◽  
Rinson Kunjachan ◽  
Soundarya ◽  
Yamuna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Osteoarthritis Pain ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most habitual type of arthritis in both developing and developed countries. It is a long-term, dynamic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by abrupt loss of cartilage in joints which results in bones rubbing together and make stiffness, impaired movement and pain. Osteoarthritis primarily affects the elderly population. It’s a significant cause of disability in elderly peoples worldwide. So the present study is done to assess the quality of life among the women with osteoarthritis, residing at Thirumazhisai. A descriptive research design was done in an urban area of Thirumazhisai. 100 women with osteoarthritis are included in our study. Purposive sampling techniques method was used in selecting the samples. Modified Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score(KOOS)checklist were used to collect data on quality of life among the women with osteoarthritis. The woman aged above 40 years has the percentage of mild pain (26%), moderate pain (72%), and severe pain (2%). In conclusion, women aged above 40 years were found to be experiencing moderate osteoarthritis pain and quality of life of women aged above 40 years experiencing a reasonable quality of life.

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