scholarly journals The Therapeutic Effect of Electroacupuncture Therapy for Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bao-Hai Yu ◽  
Ying Xing ◽  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Mark Moss
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Flow Interruption ◽  
Swallowing Dysfunction ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation is a supplementary therapy and commonly applied in treatment of ischemic stroke in clinic. Stroke is an important cause of long-term disability in individuals in both developing and developed countries. In our review, we show the application of EA stimulation for apoplectic pain, limbs spasticity, blood flow interruption, depression, swallowing dysfunction, aphasia, urinary incontinence, cognition and memory impairment, and constipation following stroke in patients and the related mechanisms in animals. The effectiveness of EA involves with acupoints, intensity, intervals, and duration of intervention for treatment of stroke. The combination of EA and common rehabilitation treatment may exert better effect compared with EA alone. In summary, EA might provide a potential treatment strategy for treating apoplectic patients in clinic.

scholarly journals Modeling of the Human Cerebral Collateral Circulation: Evaluation of the Impact on the Cerebral Perfusion in Case of Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 533-536
Author(s):  
Lorena Krames ◽  
Rosa Daschner ◽  
Yannick Lutz ◽  
Axel Loewe ◽  
Olaf Dössel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Collateral Circulation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Impact

AbstractStroke is the third-most cause of death in developed countries. A new promising treatment method in case of an ischemic stroke is selective intracarotid blood cooling combined with mechanical artery recanalization. However, the control of the treatment requires invasive or MRI-assisted measurement of cerebral temperature. An auspicious alternative is the use of computational modeling. In this work, we extended an existing 1D hemodynamics model including the characteristics of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral artery. Furthermore, seven ipsilateral anastomoses were additionally integrated for each hemisphere. A potential stenosis was placed into the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery, due to the highest risk of occlusion there. The extended model was evaluated for various degrees of collateralization (“poor”, “partial” and “good”) and degrees of stenosis (0%, 50%, 75% and 99.9%). Moreover, cerebral autoregulation was considered in the model. The higher the degree of collateralization and the degree of stenosis, the higher was the blood flow through the collaterals. Hence, a patient with a good collateralization could compensate a higher degree of occlusion and potentially has a better outcome after an ischemic stroke. For a 99.9% stenosis, an increased summed mean blood flow through the collaterals of +97.7% was predicted in case of good collateralization. Consequently, the blood supply via the terminal branches of the middle cerebral artery could be compensated up to 44.4% to the physiological blood flow. In combination with a temperature model, our model of the cerebral collateral circulation can be used for tailored temperature prediction for patients to be treated with selective therapeutic hypothermia.

scholarly journals Cerebral Ischemic Stroke: is Gender Important?

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1355-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategies ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Gender Specific

Cerebral stroke continues to be a major cause of death and the leading cause of long-term disability in developed countries. Evidence reviewed here suggests that gender influences various aspects of the clinical spectrum of ischemic stroke, in terms of influencing how a patients present with ischemic stroke through to how they respond to treatment. In addition, this review focuses on discussing the various pathologic mechanisms of ischemic stroke that may differ according to gender and compares how intrinsic and hormonal mechanisms may account for such gender differences. All clinical trials to date investigating putative neuroprotective treatments for ischemic stroke have failed, and it may be that our understanding of the injury cascade initiated after ischemic injury is incomplete. Revealing aspects of the pathophysiological consequences of ischemic stroke that are gender specific may enable gender relevant and effective neuroprotective strategies to be identified. Thus, it is possible to conclude that gender does, in fact, have an important role in ischemic stroke and must be factored into experimental and clinical investigations of ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals The influence of competition and vaccination on the coexistence of two pneumococcal serotypes

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. ZHANG ◽  
K. AURANEN ◽  
M. EICHNER
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Pneumococcal Serotypes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pneumococcal Carriage ◽  
Pathogenic Serotypes ◽  
Transmission Models ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is one of the most important bacterial pathogens and a leading cause of mucosal infections (e.g. otitis media) and various forms of serious diseases (e.g. pneumonia, meningitis, bacteraemia) in developing and developed countries. Based on the polysaccharide capsule, there are at least 90 different pneumococcal serotypes, which may compete with each other to colonize the nasopharynx. Newly developed protein–polysaccharide conjugated vaccines have been shown to provide protection against disease caused by the serotypes included in the vaccine, and also against colonization (carriage). It is feared that yet uncommon, but nonetheless pathogenic serotypes which have been suppressed by competition, may become more prevalent in carriage and disease after large-scale use of conjugate vaccines. In this paper, we use transmission models of pneumococcal carriage to study how competition and vaccination influence the coexistence of two serotypes. According to our results, direct (physical) competition between two pneumococcal serotypes only influences colonization if the duration of naturally acquired immunity is short. By contrast, indirect (antibody-mediated) competition is of influence only if naturally acquired immunity is long lasting. Vaccination reduces the prevalence of the target serotype – an effect that is enforced by the presence of directly competing bacteria. The emergence of a non-target serotype after vaccination is only observed if bacteria compete directly. These results emphasize the importance of studying whether bacteria compete directly or indirectly and for how long people are protected in order to assess the long-term effects of sero-competition.

scholarly journals FEMALE URINARY INCONTINENCE IN CANADA

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Harold P. Drutz
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mount Sinai Hospital ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Geriatric Center

In Canada, Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a significant medical and social problem which can be devastating to a women’s physical, social and emotional well being. As in other developed countries our population is aging. In 1993, 11.8 per cent of all Canadians were over age 65; by the year 2011, the proportion of this age group will be 14.0 per cent; by 2031, it will be 21.7 per cent (1). It is estimated that between 1.5 to 2.0 million Canadians (out of a population of just over 30 million) suffer from UI, yet only 1:12 will seek medical attention for this problem. UI is now the commonest cause of admission to long-term institutionalized centers in the United States and Canada. In Canada, we now spend over 1.5 billion dollars annually on this health care problem. At the Baycrest Geriatric Center (BGC) in Toronto, where we have a urogynecology branch of the unit at Mount Sinai Hospital (MSH), recent budget figures indicate that the hospital spends $320,000 (Cadanian) annually on adult diapers (2).

The level of TQM application by construction contractors in Hong Kong

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W.T. Lau ◽  
S.L. Tang ◽  
Y.S. Li
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Supplier Management ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
High Level ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Purpose – In 2000, the Hong Kong Government commissioned the Construction Industry Review Committee (CIRC) to provide a thorough review of the strengths/weaknesses of the Hong Kong construction industry and to recommend improvement measures. The CIRC’s report, released in 2001, recommended many improvement measures related to total quality management (TQM) principles. Despite many of these improvement recommendations being fulfilled in the ten years following the release of the report, there is a lack of literature documenting these achievements and the corresponding level of TQM application. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the level of TQM application by construction contractors in Hong Kong using a questionnaire survey. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review was conducted and a survey questionnaire was then designed for a full-scale survey. The data collected from the survey were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Correlations between the respondents’ scores on the survey questions were established. Findings – The survey findings indicate a moderately high level of application of TQM principles, reflecting a moderately high achievement in implementing the CIRC’s intended improvements. The TQM application level is comparable to that of Singapore, which is also a country with a high Chinese population. The findings further suggest that organisational learning and supplier management are the two major TQM principles that contractors should focus on to sustain their long-term businesses. Practical implications – The Hong Kong experience should be of interest to other developing and developed countries, both regionally and globally, in search of a similar paradigm for improving quality. Originality/value – This research is the first one done as to the level of TQM application in the Hong Kong construction industry. No one has done it before so this is the originality. The results are not only valuable to the stakeholders in construction in Hong Kong, but also to other developing and developed countries, both regionally and globally, in search of a similar paradigm for raising their quality culture.

scholarly journals What is a nurse-led service? A discussion paper

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Khair ◽  
Steve Chaplin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Discussion Paper ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
More Care ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Abstract The terms ‘nurse-led service’ and ‘nurse-led care’ are often used, but are frequently not well defined. As health care delivery evolves across the world and struggles to cope with changes in medical care and with the rising number of people living longer with long term conditions, it is frequently suggested that more care should be delivered and coordinated by nurses who have the most day-to-day contact with affected individuals and their families. This paper addresses the notion of modern ‘nurse-led’ care in the 21st century, with a focus on haemophilia. Haemophilia is one specialty in which totally nurse-led and delivered care could become a reality, there is already evidence from both developing and developed countries of nurses providing excellent and innovative haemophilia care.

Acute amnestic syndrome and ischemic stroke: A case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000928
Author(s):  
Malik Ghannam ◽  
Qasem Alshaer ◽  
Hope Ukatu ◽  
Mohammed Alkuwaiti ◽  
Christopher Streib
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Anterograde Amnesia ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
High Degree

AbstractPurposeof Review: Stroke is an uncommon cause of amnesia. We describe in detail three cases of anterograde amnesia and confabulation secondary to acute ischemic stroke and review the available literature.Recent Findings:In our case series, all three patients presented with anterograde amnesia and two of three co-presented with prominent confabulation. These symptoms were recognized in delayed fashion and no patients received IV tPA. Although stroke infarct topology was variable, all three patients had infarction of the fornix. Long-term follow-up was obtained in two of three patients: both had persistent memory impairment and were no longer functionally independent.Summary:Acute onset anterograde amnesia and confabulation may uncommonly represent acute ischemic stroke. Delays in this diagnosis typically exclude patients from emergent stroke treatment or timely diagnostic stroke evaluation. Physicians should maintain a high degree of suspicion, especially in patients with comorbid vascular risk factors. Memory impairment secondary to ischemic stroke can produce considerable long-term disability.

scholarly journals Nurturing Family Environments for Children: Compassion-Focused Parenting as a Form of Parenting Intervention

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning Theory ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Parenting Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Externalizing Behaviour ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

The style of parenting a child receives has profound long-term impacts on that child’s life. Yet, the rates of child maltreatment globally are high (in both developing and developed countries), indicating that many children around the world are being raised in toxic environments. Evidence-based parenting programs (EBPPs) have been demonstrated to have positive impacts on improving parenting style, whilst reducing childhood social, emotional and behavioural problems. EBPPs originated out of a need to address externalizing behaviour problems and to address conduct problems, and compliance became a key target of these parenting models. Thus, many EBPPs were developed in an era where operant and social learning theory-based approaches to parenting were most prominent and these parenting models still prevail today. This paper has one major aim—to demonstrate how the next generation of EBPPs need to be grounded in evolved caring motivational systems and affiliative emotion processing, which requires an understanding of the evolved processes involved in parent-offspring caring. This new approach to parenting is called, ‘compassion-focused parenting’, and this new approach to parenting will be described.

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