scholarly journals Human Synchronization Maps—The Hybrid Consciousness of the Embodied Mind

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Franco Orsucci
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Embodied Mind ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Hybrid Nature ◽  
Hybrid Dynamics

We examine the theoretical implications of empirical studies developed over recent years. These experiments have explored the biosemiotic nature of communication streams from emotional neuroscience and embodied mind perspectives. Information combinatorics analysis enabled a deeper understanding of the coupling and decoupling dynamics of biosemiotics streams. We investigated intraindividual and interpersonal relations as coevolution dynamics of hybrid couplings, synchronizations, and desynchronizations. Cluster analysis and Markov chains produced evidence of chimaera states and phase transitions. A probabilistic and nondeterministic approach clarified the properties of these hybrid dynamics. Thus, multidimensional theoretical models can represent the hybrid nature of human interactions.

Emerging Syndromes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly C. Allison ◽  
Jennifer D. Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Night Eating Syndrome ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Night Eating ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Impairment In Functioning ◽  
Atypical Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Comorbid Psychopathology

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fifth edition, of the American Psychiatric Association (2013) has designated several disorders under the diagnosis of otherwise specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED). This chapter evaluates three of these, night eating syndrome (NES), purging disorder (PD), and atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN). It also reviews orthorexia nervosa, which has been discussed in the clinical realm as well as the popular press. The history and definition for each is reviewed, relevant theoretical models are presented and compared, and evidence for the usefulness of the models is described. Empirical studies examining the disorders’ independence from other disorders, comorbid psychopathology, and, when available, medical comorbidities, are discussed. Distress and impairment in functioning seem comparable between at least three of these emerging disorders and threshold eating disorders. Finally, remaining questions for future research are summarized.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on Attachment and Sleep at Preschool Age

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 895
Author(s):  
Catarina Perpétuo ◽  
Eva Diniz ◽  
Manuela Veríssimo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Present Systematic Review

Sleep is a biological process that impacts nearly every domain of a child’s life. Sleep-wake regulation influences and it is highly influenced by developmental variables related to parent-child relationships, such as attachment. The main goal of the present systematic review is to analyze and integrate the findings of empirical studies investigating the relations between attachment and sleep in preschool age, a period marked by important developmental changes that challenge both attachment system and sleep-wake regulation. A database search was performed using a combination of relevant keywords, leading to the identification of 524 articles, with 19 manuscripts assessed for eligibility; finally, seven studies (2344 children) were included. Overall, the findings were not consistent, with some studies reporting significant associations between attachment security and sleep quality, as well as between attachment insecurity and sleep problems, whereas others did not find significant associations. The results are discussed in light of the available theoretical models and integrated in the context of measurement approaches to attachment and sleep heterogeneity, aiming to guide future research on the topic.

Research on capital structure determinants: a review and future directions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Sisira Colombage ◽  
Purnima Rao
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the status of studies on capital structure determinants in the past 40 years. This paper highlights the major gaps in the literature on determinants of capital structure and also aims to raise specific questions for future research. Design/methodology/approach The prominence of research is assessed by studying the year of publication and region, level of economic development, firm size, data collection methods, data analysis techniques and theoretical models of capital structure from the selected papers. The review is based on 167 papers published from 1972 to 2013 in various peer-reviewed journals. The relationship of determinants of capital structure is analyzed with the help of meta-analysis. Findings Major findings show an increase of interest in research on determinants of capital structure of the firms located in emerging markets. However, it is observed that these regions are still under-examined which provides more scope for research both empirical and survey-based studies. Majority of research studies are conducted on large-sized firms by using secondary data and regression-based models for the analysis, whereas studies on small-sized firms are very meager. As majority of the research papers are written only at the organizational level, the impact of leverage on various industries is yet to be examined. The review highlights the major determinants of capital structure and their relationship with leverage. It also reveals the dominance of pecking order theory in explaining capital structure of firms theoretically as well as statistically. Originality/value The paper covers a considerable period of time (1972-2013). Among very few review papers on capital structure research, to the best of authors’ knowledge; this is the first review to identify what is missing in the literature on the determinants of capital structure while offering recommendations for future studies. It also synthesize the findings of empirical studies on determinants of capital structure statistically.

Audio-Psycho-Phonology at Potchefstroom: A Review

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter E. van Jaarsveld ◽  
Wynand F. du Plessis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Clinical Observations

Audio-psycho-phonology (APP) has been hailed by some critics as refreshingly new, dynamic, pioneering and revolutionary, whilst others question the theoretical principles and the therapeutic approach, inter alia, because of the strong accent on clinical observations and the lack of rigorous empirical backing. This article presents a short outline of the Tomatis APP approach as well as an overview of eight empirical studies conducted in South Africa on topics such as laterality, stuttering, anxiety, and the application of the technique to the severely mentally retarded. The studies indicate positive effects, such as improved self-control, self-concept, interpersonal relations and achievement functioning. However, identified methodological deficiencies limit the degree to which the gains can be attributed to the APP approach alone. Finally, the authors propose the adoption of a research strategy that is more likely to identify, and produce an understanding of the strategies, agents and mechanisms by which different elements of the APP approach produce their results.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of the quantitative studies in continuance intention to use an information system

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Bivar Franque ◽  
Tiago Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Tam ◽  
Fernando de Oliveira Santini
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Continuance Intention ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThis study aims to describe, synthesise and clarify the findings of published studies on individual continuance intention to use an information system (IS), considering the fact that the number of studies in the continuance intention context are growing exponentially and cover several different subjects.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses meta- and weight analysis by taking 115 empirical studies from continuance intention to use an IS. The data are presented in different views using significant and non-significant relationships from all the studies. Furthermore, it uses hierarchical linear meta-analysis to analyse potential moderators that can influence continuance intention.FindingsThe results reveal that affective commitment, attitude, satisfaction, hedonic value and flow are the best predictors of continuance intention to use an IS. Sample size, individualism, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation moderate the relationship of perceived usefulness on continuance intention. Power distance, masculinity and indulgence moderate relationship satisfaction on continuance intention.Practical implicationsThe results reveal that continuance intention to use an IS has been studied in different countries, with different cultures; therefore, IS providers should have diversified managing strategies, to ensure the satisfaction of users and long-term usage of their IS.Originality/valueThe study provides a systematic overview of the most relevant variables used in the literature, including a temporal analysis of the theoretical models, highlighting the evolution of the constructs and presents a moderation analysis.

RE-IDENTIFYING REGISTER DATA BY SURVEY DATA USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 589-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHANN BACHER ◽  
RUTH BRAND ◽  
STEFAN BENDER
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Register Data ◽  
Special Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sampling Fraction ◽  
Statistical Agencies ◽  
Life History Study ◽  
Sample Fraction

More and more empirical researchers from universities or research centres like to use register or survey data collected by statistical agencies or the social security system, since these data can by used for several empirical studies, e.g. the analysis of special groups or quantitative effects of economic or social policies. Most of the data required have to be (factually) anonymised before they are disseminated to preserve confidentiality. In the area of statistics on households and individuals this path has been pursued in Germany for several years. The transmission of de facto anonymised datafiles has proved to be a good form of co-operation between scientists and statisticians. Factual anonymity of the data depends on the costs and benefits of a potential re-identification. The paper assumes that the intruder only accepts low costs. Therefore he uses a cluster analysis module that is available in a standards statistical software package to re-identify persons. After a description of the method different factors influencing the re-identification risk are studied using German employment statistics (register data) and the German Life History Study (survey data). The factors are: sample fraction and number of (irrelevant) variables. The results show, that the number of identifiable persons is remarkable high. Furthermore it can be confirmed with the cluster analysis that the number of re-identifiable records increases with increasing sampling fraction and that irrelevant variables reduce this number.

Parasitism, immune response, and egg production of the spearhead bluet (Coenagrion hastulatum) damselfly

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-372
Author(s):  
Kari M. Kaunisto ◽  
Pipsa Kaunisto ◽  
Jaakko J. Ilvonen ◽  
Jukka Suhonen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Water Mites ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Individual Size

Theoretical models predict that parasites reduce reproductive success of their hosts, but very few empirical studies have given support to this. Using the spearhead bluet (Coenagrion hastulatum (Charpentier, 1825)) damselfly, we tested how immune response, wing length, and the number of both endo- and ecto-parasites affect egg production of host damselflies. The study was conducted with four different populations in southwest Finland. We found a negative association between endoparasitic gregarines and number of host eggs. Furthermore, immune response increased with the number of water mites, but decreased with the number of eggs. Contrary to previous studies with other damselfly species, the number of ectoparasitic water mites did not affect the number of eggs. Moreover, wing length, used as an indicator of individual size, was not associated with egg numbers. The negative effect of gregarine parasites on egg numbers is likely to affect the composition of host populations, i.e., damselflies that show higher resistance to these endoparasites will have more of their offspring represented in subsequent generations. In future, more experimental research on the varying effects of different parasite species on the number of eggs is needed.

GRAIN BOUNDARIES: PHASE TRANSITIONS AND CRITICAL PHENOMENA

1991 ◽  
Vol 05 (19) ◽  
pp. 2989-3028 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.I. RABKIN ◽  
L.S. SHVINDLERMAN ◽  
B.B. STRAUMAL
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Critical Phenomena ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Boundary Phase ◽  
Recent Experimental Data ◽  
Grain Boundary Structure

Recent theories of grain boundary structure have been reviewed briefly. The possibility of existence of the same variety of phase transitions on grain boundaries as that on the crystal external surface has been demonstrated. Recent experimental data and theoretical models concerning grain boundary phase transitions are critically analysed. Grain boundary phase transitions connected with the formation of thin disordered layers on the boundary (prewetting, premelting) are particularly distinguished. Results of recent indirect experiments, which may be treated in terms of prewetting and premelting, have been reviewed. Experimentally observed critical phenomena in the vicinity of the prewetting transition on the tin-germanium interphase boundary have been discussed in terms of the critical exponents theory. Some ideas regarding directions of further research are presented.

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