scholarly journals The Effect of Adhesive Additives on Silica Gel Water Sorption Properties

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Karol Sztekler ◽  
Wojciech Kalawa ◽  
Agata Mlonka-Medrala ◽  
Wojciech Nowak ◽  
Łukasz Mika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
The Impact

Adsorption chillers are characterized by low electricity consumption, lack of moving parts, and high reliability. The disadvantage of these chillers is their large weight due to low adsorbent sorption capacity. Therefore, the attention is turned to finding a sorbent with a high water sorption capacity and enhanced thermal conductivity to increase chiller efficiency. The article discusses the impact of selected adhesives used for the production of an adsorption bed in order to improve heat exchange on its surface. Experiments with silica gel with three commercial types of glue on metal plates representing heat exchanger were performed. The structure of samples was observed under a microscope to determine the coverage of adsorbent by glue. To determine the kinetics of the free adsorption, the amounts of moisture adsorbed and the desorption dynamics the prepared samples of coated bed on metal plates were moisturized and dried in a moisture analyzer. Samples made of silica gel mixed with the adhesive 2-hydroxyethyl cellulose, show high adsorption capacity, low dynamic adsorption, and medium dynamic desorption. Samples containing adhesive poly(vinyl alcohol) adsorb less moisture, but free adsorption and desorption were more dynamic. Samples containing the adhesive hydroxyethyl cellulose show lower moisture capacity, relatively dynamic adsorption, and lower dynamic desorption.

scholarly journals Assessment of Performance of Posidona oceanica (L.) as Biosorbent for Crude Oil-Spill Cleanup in Seawater

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senda Ben Jmaa ◽  
Amjad Kallel
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Mixed Oil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Sorption Capacity

The marine environment is constantly at risk of pollution by hydrocarbon spills that requires its cleanup to protect the environment and human health. Posidonia oceanica (L.) (PO) beach balls, which are characteristic of the Mediterranean Sea and abundant on the beaches, are used as biosorbent to remove hydrocarbons from the sea. The impact of several factors such as oil concentration, time sorption, and weight sorbent was investigated to determine the oil and water sorption capacity for raw and milled P. oceanica fibers. The study of kinetic models for initial crude oil concentration of 2.5, 5, 8.8, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 g/L revealed that crude uptake followed the pseudo-first-order model while, for isotherm models, the crude uptake onto the P. oceanica tended to fit the Langmuir model. Experiments were performed according to two systems: a pure oil and pure water system and a mixed oil/water system. For the dry system (pure oil and pure water), the maximum oil and water sorption capacity of raw and milled fibers was found to be 5.5 g/g and 14 g/g for oil and 14.95 g/g and 15.84 g/g for water, respectively, whereas, in the mixed oil/water system, the maximum oil and water sorption capacity was estimated as 4.74 g/g, 12.80 g/g and 7.41 g/g, 8.31 g/g, respectively. The results showed that, in spite of their absorbency of a lot of water, the milled fibers with grain size ranging between 0.5 mm and 1 mm might be the relevant sorbent for the elimination of crude oil from seawater thanks to its efficient sorption capacity and low cost.

scholarly journals The Impact of Reactive Ionic Liquids Addition on the Physicochemical and Sorption Properties of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Based Films

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1958
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Li ◽  
Edyta Rynkowska ◽  
Kateryna Fatyeyeva ◽  
Joanna Kujawa ◽  
Krzysztof Dzieszkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
The Impact

A new type of hybrid polymeric-based film containing 1-(1,3-diethoxy-1,3-dioxopropan-2-ylo)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (RIL1_Br) and 1-(2-etoxy-2-oxoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (RIL2_Br) reactive ionic liquids was elaborated. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based films with 9–33 wt % of RILs were subsequently characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and TGA-FTIR. PVA-RIL films were also studied in tensile tests, contact angle and sorption measurements. RIL incorporation enhanced thermal and mechanical stability of PVA membranes due to the hydrogen bonds between RILs and polymer chains. Membrane swelling behavior in water (H2O), ethanol (EtOH), and propan-2-ol (IPA) and the kinetics of water sorption process revealed that PVA-RILs membranes possess the highest affinity towards water. It was pointed out that both the RIL type and the RIL amount in the polymer matrix have significant influence on the membrane swelling behavior and the water sorption kinetics.

Application of vacuum belt press filters for cane mud filtration and performance comparison with rotary filters

2014 ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Petit
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Sugar Mill ◽  
Belt Press ◽  
Vacuum Belt ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Mud Filtration ◽  
The Impact

Bois-Rouge factory, an 8000 t/d cane Reunionese sugarcane mill, has fully equipped its filtration station with vacuum belt press filters since 2010, the first one being installed in 2009. The present study deals with this 3-year experience and discusses operating conditions, electricity consumption, performance and optimisation. The comparison with the more classical rotary drum vacuum filter station of Le Gol sugar mill highlights advantages of vacuum belt press filters: high filtration efficiency, low filter cake mass and sucrose content, low total solids content in filtrate and low power consumption. However, this technology needs a mud conditioning step and requires a large amount of water to improve mud quality, mixing of flocculant and washing of filter belts. The impact on the energy balance of the sugar mill is significant. At Bois-Rouge mill, studies are underway to reduce the water consumption by recycling low d.s. filtrate and by dry cleaning the filter belts.

scholarly journals Crisis Management in Higher Education in the Time of Covid-19: The Case of Actor Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Anna McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Actor Training ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
High Frequency Words

The impact of Covid-19 placed Higher Education leadership in a state of crisis management, where decision making had to be swift and impactful. This research draws on ethea of mindfulness, actor training techniques, referencing high-reliability organisations (HRO). Interviews conducted by the author with three leaders of actor training conservatoires in Higher Education institutions in Australia, the UK and the USA reflect on crisis management actions taken in response to the impact of Covid-19 on their sector, from which high-frequency words are identified and grouped thematically. Reflecting on these high-frequency words and the thematic grouping, a model of mindful leadership is proposed as a positive tool that may enable those in leadership to recognise and respond efficiently to wider structural frailties within Higher Education, with reference to the capacity of leaders to operate with increased mindfulness, enabling a more resilient organisation that unlocks the locus of control.

scholarly journals Impact of Passive Energy Efficiency Measures on Cooling Energy Demand in an Architectural Campus Building in Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7251
Author(s):  
Mushk Bughio ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib Khan ◽  
Waqas Ahmed Mahar ◽  
Thorsten Schuetze
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Energy Efficiency Measures ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cooling Energy Demand ◽  
Campus Building

Electric appliances for cooling and lighting are responsible for most of the increase in electricity consumption in Karachi, Pakistan. This study aims to investigate the impact of passive energy efficiency measures (PEEMs) on the potential reduction of indoor temperature and cooling energy demand of an architectural campus building (ACB) in Karachi, Pakistan. PEEMs focus on the building envelope’s design and construction, which is a key factor of influence on a building’s cooling energy demand. The existing architectural campus building was modeled using the building information modeling (BIM) software Autodesk Revit. Data related to the electricity consumption for cooling, building masses, occupancy conditions, utility bills, energy use intensity, as well as space types, were collected and analyzed to develop a virtual ACB model. The utility bill data were used to calibrate the DesignBuilder and EnergyPlus base case models of the existing ACB. The cooling energy demand was compared with different alternative building envelope compositions applied as PEEMs in the renovation of the existing exemplary ACB. Finally, cooling energy demand reduction potentials and the related potential electricity demand savings were determined. The quantification of the cooling energy demand facilitates the definition of the building’s electricity consumption benchmarks for cooling with specific technologies.

scholarly journals Synthesis of PVA/CeO2 Based Nanocomposites with Tuned Refractive Index and Reduced Absorption Edge: Structural and Optical Studies

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Elham M. A. Dannoun ◽  
Dana A. Tahir ◽  
Sarkawt A. Hussen ◽  
Rebar T. Abdulwahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Absorption Edge ◽  
Ceo2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Single Oscillator Model ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Host Polymer

In the current study, polymer nanocomposites (NCPs) based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with altered refractive index and absorption edge were synthesized by means of a solution cast technique. The characterization techniques of UV–Vis spectroscopy and XRD were used to inspect the structural and optical properties of the prepared films. The XRD patterns of the doped samples have shown clear amendments in the structural properties of the PVA host polymer. Various optical parameters were studied to get more insights about the influence of CeO2 on optical properties of PVA. On the insertion of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) into the PVA matrix, the absorption edge was found to move to reduced photon energy sides. It was concluded that the CeO2 nanoparticles can be used to tune the refractive index (n) of the host polymer, and it reached up to 1.93 for 7 wt.% of CeO2 content. A detailed study of the bandgap (BG) was conducted using two approaches. The outcomes have confirmed the impact of the nanofiller on the BG reduction of the host polymer. The results of the optical BG study highlighted that it is crucial to address the ɛ” parameter during the BG analysis, and it is considered as a useful tool to specify the type of electronic transitions. Finally, the dispersion region of n is conferred in terms of the Wemple–DiDomenico single oscillator model.

Static grid carbon factors – Can we do better?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442199196
Author(s):  
Jamie Risner ◽  
Anna Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Building Regulations ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The average carbon intensity (gCO2e/kWh) of electricity provided by the UK National Grid is decreasing and becoming more time variable. This paper reviews the impact on energy calculations of using various levels of data resolution (half hourly, daily, monthly and annual) and of moving to region specific data. This analysis is in two parts, one focused on the potential impact on Part L assessments and the other on reported carbon emissions for existing buildings. Analysis demonstrated that an increase in calculated emissions of up to 12% is possible when using an emissions calculation methodology employing higher resolution grid carbon intensity data. Regional analysis indicated an even larger calculation discrepancy, with some regions annual emissions increasing by a factor of ten as compared to other regions. This paper proposes a path forward for the industry to improve the accuracy of analysis by using better data sources. The proposed change in calculation methodology is analogous to moving from using an annual average external temperature to using a CIBSE weather profile for a specific city or using a future weather file. Practical application: This paper aims to quantify the inaccuracy of a calculation methodology in common use in the industry and key to building regulations (specifically Building Regulations Part L – Conservation of Fuel and Power) – translating electricity consumption into carbon emissions. It proposes an alternative methodology which improves the accuracy of the calculation based on improved data inputs.

A probabilistic model for the vulnerability of metal plates under the impact of cylindrical projectiles

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mebarki ◽  
Q.B. Nguyen ◽  
F. Mercier ◽  
R. Ami Saada ◽  
F. Meftah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Model ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
The Impact
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