scholarly journals Polymer-Peptide Modified Gold Nanorods to Improve Cell Conjugation and Cell labelling for Stem Cells Photoacoustic Imaging

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
Dina Salah ◽  
Farahat S. Moghanm ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Abdulaziz A. Alanazi ◽  
Salman latif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Ammonium Bromide

The use of gold nanorods (GNRs) as a contrast agent in bioimaging and cell tracking has numerous advantages, primarily due to the unique optical properties of gold nanorods which allow for the use of infrared regions when imaging. Owing to their unique geometry, Au NRs exhibit surface plasmon modes in the near-infrared wavelength range, which is ideal for carrying out optical measurements in biological fluids and tissue. Gold nanorod functionalization is essential, since the Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide CTAB gold nanorods are toxic, and for further in vitro and in vivo experiments the nanorods should be functionalized to become optically stable and biocompatible. In the present study, gold nanorods with an longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) position around 800 nm were synthesized in order to be used for photoacoustic imaging applications for stem cell tracking. The gold nanorods were functionalized using both thiolated poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) to stabilize the gold nanorods surface and a CALNN–TAT peptide sequence. Both ligands were attached to the gold nanorods through an Au–sulfur bond. CALNN–TAT is known as a cell penetrating peptide which ensures endocytosis of the gold nanorods inside the mesenchymal stem cells of mice (MSCD1). Surface modifications of gold nanorods were achieved using optical spectroscopy (UV–VIS), electron microscopy (TEM), zeta-potential, and FTIR. Gold nanorods were incubated in MSCD1 in order to achieve a cellular uptake that was characterized by a transmission electron microscope (TEM). For photoacoustic imaging, Multi-Spectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) was used. The results demonstrated good cellular uptake for PEG–CALNN–TAT GNRs and the successful use of modified gold nanorods as both a contrast agent in photoacoustic imaging and as a novel tracking bioimaging technique.

scholarly journals Silicon carbide nanoparticles as a photoacoustic and photoluminescent dual-imaging contrast agent for long-term cell tracking

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 3514-3520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Chen ◽  
Eric R. Zhao ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Yuesong Shi ◽  
Donald J. Sirbuly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Silicon Carbide Nanoparticles ◽  
Dual Imaging ◽  
Imaging Contrast Agent

Silicon carbide nanoparticles are capable of long-term tracking of mesenchymal stem cells through both photoluminescence and photoacoustic imaging.

scholarly journals Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 926-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor M Pongrac ◽  
Marina Dobrivojević ◽  
Lada Brkić Ahmed ◽  
Michal Babič ◽  
Miroslav Šlouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Cellular Migration ◽  
Cell Labeling ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Maghemite Nanoparticles ◽  
Acetoxymethyl Ester

Background: Cell tracking is a powerful tool to understand cellular migration, dynamics, homing and function of stem cell transplants. Nanoparticles represent possible stem cell tracers, but they differ in cellular uptake and side effects. Their properties can be modified by coating with different biocompatible polymers. To test if a coating polymer, poly(L-lysine), can improve the biocompatibility of nanoparticles applied to neural stem cells, poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. We evaluated their cellular uptake, the mechanism of internalization, cytotoxicity, viability and proliferation of neural stem cells, and compared them to the commercially available dextran-coated nanomag®-D-spio nanoparticles. Results: Light microscopy of Prussian blue staining revealed a concentration-dependent intracellular uptake of iron oxide in neural stem cells. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and the calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide assay demonstrated that poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles scored better than nanomag®-D-spio in cell labeling efficiency, viability and proliferation of neural stem cells. Cytochalasine D blocked the cellular uptake of nanoparticles indicating an actin-dependent process, such as macropinocytosis, to be the internalization mechanism for both nanoparticle types. Finally, immunocytochemistry analysis of neural stem cells after treatment with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite and nanomag®-D-spio nanoparticles showed that they preserve their identity as neural stem cells and their potential to differentiate into all three major neural cell types (neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes). Conclusion: Improved biocompatibility and efficient cell labeling makes poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles appropriate candidates for future neural stem cell in vivo tracking studies.

scholarly journals Photoacoustic molecular imaging using combined acupuncture and gold nanorods as a composite contrast agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 1941004
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Jian Rong ◽  
Huabei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Zusanli Acupoint

In this study, we developed a novel photoacoustic imaging technique based on poly (ethyleneglycol)-coated (PEGylated) gold nanorods (PEG-GNRs) (as the contrast agent) combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) acupuncture (as the auxiliary method) for quantitatively monitoring contrast enhancement in the vasculature of a mouse brain in vivo. This study takes advantage of the strong near-infrared absorption (peak at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]nm) of GNRs and the ability to adjust the hemodynamics of acupuncture. Experimental results show that photoacoustic tomography (PAT) successfully reveals the optical absorption variation of the vasculature of the mouse brain in response to intravenous administration of GNRs and acupuncture at the Zusanli acupoint (ST36) both individually and combined. The quantitative measurement of contrast enhancement indicates that the composite contrast agents (integration of acupuncture and GNRs) would greatly enhance the photoacoustic imaging contrast. The quantitative results also have the potential to estimate the local concentration of GNRs and even the real-time effects of acupuncture.

scholarly journals Photoacoustic Imaging of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Living Mice via Silica-Coated Gold Nanorods

ACS Nano ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 5920-5930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse V. Jokerst ◽  
Mridhula Thangaraj ◽  
Paul J. Kempen ◽  
Robert Sinclair ◽  
Sanjiv S. Gambhir
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging

scholarly journals Contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging: a review of stem cell tracking

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soorya James ◽  
Kai Neuhaus ◽  
Mary Murphy ◽  
Martin Leahy
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Photoacoustic Imaging ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Biodistribution Studies ◽  
Migration Pathways

AbstractWith the advent of stem cell therapy for spinal cord injuries, stroke, burns, macular degeneration, heart diseases, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; the need to track the survival, migration pathways, spatial destination and differentiation of transplanted stem cells in a clinical setting has gained increased relevance. Indeed, getting regulatory approval to use these therapies in the clinic depends on biodistribution studies. Although optoacoustic imaging (OAI) or photoacoustic imaging can detect functional information of cell activities in real-time, the selection and application of suitable contrast agents is essential to achieve optimal sensitivity and contrast for sensing at clinically relevant depths and can even provide information about molecular activity. This review explores OAI methodologies in conjunction with the specific application of exogenous contrast agents in comparison to other imaging modalities and describes the properties of exogenous contrast agents for quantitative and qualitative monitoring of stem cells. Specific characteristics such as biocompatibility, the absorption coefficient, and surface functionalization are compared and how the labelling efficiency translates to both short and long-term visualization of mesenchymal stem cells is explored. An overview of novel properties of recently developed optoacoustic contrast agents and their capability to detect disease and recovery progression in clinical settings is provided which includes newly developed exogenous contrast agents to monitor stem cells in real-time for multimodal sensing.

scholarly journals An Efficient T1 Contrast Agent for Labeling and Tracking Human Embryonic Stem Cells on MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga E. Haedicke ◽  
Sadi Loai ◽  
Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Embryonic Stem

Noninvasive cell tracking in vivo has the potential to advance stem cell-based therapies into the clinic. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides an excellent image-guidance platform; however, existing MR cell labeling agents are fraught with limited specificity. To address this unmet need, we developed a highly efficient manganese porphyrin contrast agent, MnEtP, using a two-step synthesis. In vitro MRI at 3 Tesla on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) demonstrated high labeling efficiency at a very low dose of 10 µM MnEtP, resulting in a four-fold lower T1 relaxation time. This extraordinarily low dose is ideal for labeling large cell numbers required for large animals and humans. Cell viability and differentiation capacity were unaffected. Cellular manganese quantification corroborated MRI findings, and the agent localized primarily on the cell membrane. In vivo MRI of transplanted hESCs in a rat demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity of MnEtP for noninvasive stem cell tracking.

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