scholarly journals Low-Temperature Pyrolysis of Municipal Solid Waste Components and Refuse-Derived Fuel—Process Efficiency and Fuel Properties of Carbonized Solid Fuel

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kacper Świechowski ◽  
Ewa Syguła ◽  
Jacek A. Koziel ◽  
Paweł Stępień ◽  
Szymon Kugler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis

New technologies to valorize refuse-derived fuels (RDFs) will be required in the near future due to emerging trends of (1) the cement industry’s demands for high-quality alternative fuels and (2) the decreasing calorific value of the fuels derived from municipal solid waste (MSW) and currently used in cement/incineration plants. Low-temperature pyrolysis can increase the calorific value of processed material, leading to the production of value-added carbonized solid fuel (CSF). This dataset summarizes the key properties of MSW-derived CSF. Pyrolysis experiments were completed using eight types of organic waste and their two RDF mixtures. Organic waste represented common morphological groups of MSW, i.e., cartons, fabrics, kitchen waste, paper, plastic, rubber, PAP/AL/PE composite packaging (multi-material packaging also known as Tetra Pak cartons), and wood. The pyrolysis was conducted at temperatures ranging from 300 to 500 °C (20 °C intervals), with a retention (process) time of 20 to 60 min (20 min intervals). The mass yield, energy densification ratio, and energy yield were determined to characterize the pyrolysis process efficiency. The raw materials and produced CSF were tested with proximate analyses (moisture content, organic matter content, ash content, and combustible part content) and with ultimate analyses (elemental composition C, H, N, S) and high heating value (HHV). Additionally, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of the pyrolysis process were performed. The dataset documents the changes in fuel properties of RDF resulting from low-temperature pyrolysis as a function of the pyrolysis conditions and feedstock type. The greatest HHV improvements were observed for fabrics (up to 65%), PAP/AL/PE composite packaging (up to 56%), and wood (up to 46%).

scholarly journals The Prediction of Calorific Value of Carbonized Solid Fuel Produced from Refuse-Derived Fuel in the Low-Temperature Pyrolysis in CO2

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Ewa Syguła ◽  
Kacper Świechowski ◽  
Paweł Stępień ◽  
Jacek A. Koziel ◽  
Andrzej Białowiec
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
General Model ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Mathematical Functions ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis

The decrease in the calorific value of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) is an unintended outcome of the progress made toward more sustainable waste management. Plastics and paper separation and recycling leads to the overall decrease in waste’s calorific value, further limiting its applicability for thermal treatment. Pyrolysis has been proposed to densify energy in RDF and generate carbonized solid fuel (CSF). The challenge is that the feedstock composition of RDF is variable and site-specific. Therefore, the optimal pyrolysis conditions have to be established every time, depending on feedstock composition. In this research, we developed a model to predict the higher heating value (HHV) of the RDF composed of eight morphological refuse groups after low-temperature pyrolysis in CO2 (300–500 °C and 60 min) into CSF. The model considers cardboard, fabric, kitchen waste, paper, plastic, rubber, PAP/AL/PE (paper/aluminum/polyethylene) composite packaging pack, and wood, pyrolysis temperature, and residence time. The determination coefficients (R2) and Akaike information criteria were used for selecting the best model among four mathematical functions: (I) linear, (II) second-order polynomial, (III) factorial regression, and (IV) quadratic regression. For each RDF waste component, among these four models, the one best fitted to the experimental data was chosen; then, these models were integrated into the general model that predicts the HHV of CSF from the blends of RDF. The general model was validated experimentally by the application to the RDF blends. The validation revealed that the model explains 70–75% CSF HHV data variability. The results show that the optimal pyrolysis conditions depend on the most abundant waste in the waste mixture. High-quality CSF can be obtained from wastes such as paper, carton, plastic, and rubber when processed at relatively low temperatures (300 °C), whereas wastes such as fabrics and wood require higher temperatures (500 °C). The developed model showed that it is possible to achieve the CSF with the highest HHV value by optimizing the pyrolysis of RDF with the process temperature, residence time, and feedstock blends pretreatment.

Design of Integrated Treatment Process of Municipal Solid Waste in Shanghai

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2084-2087
Author(s):  
Guo Long Gao ◽  
Min Hua He
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Plastic Metal ◽  
Shanghai City

Based on analysis of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Shanghai city, a related integrated treatment process of MSW was studied. MSW was classified into organic, combustible, recyclable and other parts. The designed integrated treatment process includes mixed waste sorting, anaerobic digestion of the biodegradability organic waste, RDF production systems of combustible waste and deodorizing system. Organic MSW is digested under anaerobic conditions and produce biogas for power generation for electricity plant. The residue can be used to prepare organic and inorganic fertilizer; Combustible MSW has low water, high calorific value and can be prepared RDF; The recyclable trash (plastic, metal) are on sale. Other MSW is land filled. The designed integrated treatment process may provide a route to solve the problems of MSW in Shanghai.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in the Composition and Thermal Properties of Municipal Solid Waste: A Case Study of the City of Perm, Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-64
Author(s):  
Natalia Sliusar ◽  
Stepan Polygalov ◽  
Galina Ilinykh Ilinykh ◽  
Vladimir Korotaev ◽  
Yakov Vaisman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Different Seasons

The paper presents experimental studies of municipal solid waste (MSW) composition and its thermal properties (moisture and ash content). Measurements were taken to track seasonal changes in the composition of MSW. For example, in spring, the content of organic waste was 17.0% and, in autumn, it reached 31.5% due to considerable consumption of seasonal vegetables and fruits. The share of paper in MSW changed from 21.4% in spring to 9.7% in autumn. More paper in spring is due to discarded student notebooks at the end of a school year, as well as spring household cleaning. These data indicate significant changes in waste composition during the year, which should be taken into account when planning technologies for waste management. Laboratory studies of moisture and ash content by season allowed the range of these changes to be determined. In autumn for instance, the moisture and ash content of organic waste was about 82% and 14%, respectively, while in winter, it was approximately 73% and 22%, respectively. These figures can be explained by the organic waste origin: autumn organic waste often comes from fruit pulp and, for example, watermelon peels, and winter organic waste tends to consist mostly of dry vegetable peels such as potato peelings. The low calorific value of certain components is based on their composition and the level of moisture and ash in different seasons. Therefore, it is important to take into account the moisture and ash content of individual components, not average values, in order to calculate the waste calorific value. MSW thermal characteristics change significantly over the seasons: the MSW moisture content is the highest in autumn (about 49%) and the lowest in winter (32%). The ash content in MSW ranges from 20% in spring and autumn to 27% in summer. The lowest calorific value per working mass in different seasons varies from 7 to 10 MJ/kg, which must be taken into consideration when developing waste management systems in general and when designing specific energy recovery facilities.

scholarly journals Comparison of biogas production obtained from samples of Mitú and Sibundoy municipal solid waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Marcela Triana Jiménez ◽  
Mario Enrique Velasquez
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Biological Sludge ◽  
Calorific Power

This  study  compares  the  calorific  power  of  biogas  obtained  from  the  municipal  solid  waste  (MSW)of  two  towns  in  Colombia,whose populations are affected by deficiencies in the supply of electricity.  The production of biogas would represent an importantopportunity to meet these needs, taking advantage of the solid waste generated, in whose composition organic material predominates(45 %).  For this purpose, MSW samples were taken from the municipalities of Mitú (Vaupés) and Sibundoy (Putumayo), in orderto establish their relevance to produce biogas.  For each sample, the organic waste was characterized in terms of its macroscopiccomposition, moisture content, ash, volatile and total solids.  Subsequently, the composition of biogas obtained was determinedfrom anaerobic digestion tests with biological sludge as inoculum in different proportions and the calorific value of the gas wascalculated.   It was found that organic waste from both municipalities is suitable to produce biogas due to the physicochemicalcharacteristics of the samples, the high methane content generated and, therefore, the satisfactory calorific power for its use in theproduction of electrical energy.

Chlorine-free Solid Fuel Production from Municipal Solid Waste by Hydrothermal Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1177-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayu INDRAWAN ◽  
Pandji PRAWISUDHA ◽  
Kunio YOSHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Fuel Production

Utilization of hydrogen in low calorific value producer gas derived from municipal solid waste and biodiesel for diesel engine power generation application

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 1253-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S. Yaliwal ◽  
N.R. Banapurmath ◽  
R.S. Hosmath ◽  
S.V. Khandal ◽  
Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Engine Power

Autothermal biodrying of municipal solid waste with high moisture content

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Zawadzka ◽  
Liliana Krzystek ◽  
Stanisław Ledakowicz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Total Capacity

AbstractTo carry out autothermal drying processes during the composting of biomass, a horizontal tubular reactor was designed and tested. A biodrying tunnel of the total capacity of 240 dm3 was made of plastic material and insulated with polyurethane foam to prevent heat losses. Municipal solid waste and structural plant material were used as the input substrate. As a result of autothermal drying processes, moisture content decreased by 50 % of the initial moisture content of organic waste of about 800 g kg−1. In the tested cycles, high temperatures of biodried waste mass were achieved (54–56°C). An appropriate quantity of air was supplied to maintain a satisfactory level of temperature and moisture removal in the biodried mass and high energy content in the final product. The heat of combustion of dried waste and its calorific value were determined in a calorimeter. Examinations of pyrolysis and gasification of dried waste confirmed their usefulness as biofuel of satisfactory energy content.

scholarly journals Municipal solid waste higher heating value prediction from ultimate analysis using multiple regression and genetic programming techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imane Boumanchar ◽  
Younes Chhiti ◽  
Fatima Ezzahrae M’hamdi Alaoui ◽  
Abdelaziz Sahibed-dine ◽  
Fouad Bentiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Programming ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Programming Techniques

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management presents an important challenge for all countries. In order to exploit them as a source of energy, a knowledge of their calorific value is essential. In fact, it can be experimentally measured by an oxygen bomb calorimeter. This process is, however, expensive. In this light, the purpose of this paper was to develop empirical models for the prediction of MSW higher heating value (HHV) from ultimate analysis. Two methods were used: multiple regression analysis and genetic programming formalism. Both techniques gave good results. Genetic programming, however, provides more accuracy compared to published works in terms of a great correlation coefficient (CC) and a low root mean square error (RMSE).

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