scholarly journals Genetic, but Not Behavioral, Evidence Supports the Distinctiveness of the Mealy Amazon Parrot in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Dominique L. Hellmich ◽  
Andre B. S. Saidenberg ◽  
Timothy F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
South American ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Contact Call ◽  
Call Structure ◽  
Full Species ◽  
Conservation And Management

The presence of unidentified cryptic species within a species complex can obscure demographic trends of vulnerable species, impacting potential species conservation and management decisions. Previous work identified a taxonomic split between Central and South American populations of the mealy amazon (Amazona farinosa) that subsequently resulted in the elevation of these two populations to full species status (Amazona guatemalae and A. farinosa, respectively). In that study, however, a third, geographically disjunct population from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest was insufficiently sampled, limiting the ability of researchers to fully evaluate its genetic distinctiveness. Given that significant levels of biodiversity and endemism are found in this region, we aimed to use genetic and behavioral data to determine if the Atlantic Forest population of A. f. farinosa represents a third cryptic species within the complex. We sequenced 6 genes (4 mitochondrial and 2 nuclear introns) from the Atlantic Forest population of A. f. farinosa to measure the genetic relationships between this population and all other recognized species and subspecies of the mealy amazon. In addition, we use spectrographic cross-correlation and an analysis of 29 acoustic parameters to determine whether the taxa diverge in their learned contact call structure and if the degree of vocal differentiation correlates to genetic structure. We found that the Atlantic Forest population of A. f. farinosa was genetically distinct from that of the greater Amazon basin, but the degree of differentiation was less than that separating the Central and South American taxa. Acoustic analysis revealed substantial variation in contact call structure within each clade. This variation created substantial overlap in acoustic space between the clades. In all, the degree of call divergence between clades did not correspond to the degree of genetic divergence between the same clades. The results suggest that in taxa with substantial geographic variation in learned calls, such as the mealy amazon, vocalizations may not be a useful tool in the identification of cryptic species that are lifelong vocal learners. While these results do not support the elevation of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest population of the mealy amazon to full species status, given current trends of habitat loss in the Atlantic Forest as well as the imperiled status of large parrot species globally, we argue that this population nonetheless warrants special conservation and management consideration as a pool of unique genetic diversity within the southern mealy amazon species.

Key to the soldiers of South American Heterotermes with a new species from Brazil (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginaldo Constantino
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
New Records ◽  
South American ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Worker Castes ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA soldier-based key to the South American species of Heterotermes is presented. Six species are recognized: H. assu sp. n., H. convexinotatus, H. crinitus, H. longiceps, H. sulcatus and H. tenuis. H. assu sp. n., is described from the Brazilian Atlantic forest, including the imago, soldier and worker castes. H. assu is also recorded from urban areas as a pest. The imago of H. longiceps is described and illustrated for the first time. The soldiers of all species are illustrated and their known distribution mapped, with several new records.

Phenotypic variation of Leptodactylus cupreus Caramaschi, São-Pedro and Feio, 2008 (Anura, Leptodactylidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3616 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLA S. CASSINI ◽  
VICTOR G. D. ORRICO ◽  
IURI RIBEIRO DIAS ◽  
MIRCO SOLÉ ◽  
CÉLIO F. B. HADDAD
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Information ◽  
First Time

This study describes for the first time the female of Leptodactylus cupreus and provides new information concerning its geographical distribution, male’s morphology and bioacustics. Leptodactylus cupreus, a poorly known species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, was originally allocated in the L. mystaceus complex of the L. fuscus species group. Based on morphological observations, we infer that L. cupreus should be in fact related to L. mystacinus, a species that, although assigned to the L. fuscus species group, is not assigned to the L. mystaceus complex. Therefore, we comment the phylo-genetic relationships concerning L. cupreus, L. mystaceus and L. mystacinus.

Five new South American species of Myrcia s.l. (Myrtaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Matheus Fortes Santos ◽  
Eve Lucas ◽  
Paulo Takeo Sano
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
New South ◽  
South American ◽  
Guiana Shield ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Taxonomic Affinity

Five new species of Myrcia s.l. are described and illustrated: Myrcia ascendens (related to Myrcia densa), Myrcia attenuata (related to Myrcia bicolor), Myrcia costeira (related to Myrcia bicarinata), Myrcia rupestris (related to Myrcia lenheirensis) and Myrcia subterminalis (related to Myrcia bicolor). The new species occur in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (M. costeira and M. subterminalis), the Espinhaço range in Brazil (M. ascendens and M. rupestris) and the eastern Guiana Shield in French Guiana (M. attenuata). Additionally, species are discussed regarding distribution, habitat, phenology and taxonomic affinity.

scholarly journals Notes on vocalizations of Brazilian amphibians IV: advertisement calls of 20 Atlantic Forest frog species

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Rodriguez Forti ◽  
Célio Fernando Baptista Haddad ◽  
Felipe Leite ◽  
Leandro de Oliveira Drummond ◽  
Clodoaldo de Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Advertisement Calls ◽  
Call Structure ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Acoustic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
Species Taxonomy

Bioacoustics is a powerful tool used for anuran species diagnoses, given that advertisement calls are signals related to specific recognition and mate attraction. Thus, call descriptions can support species taxonomy. In spite of that, call descriptions are lacking for many species, delaying advances in biodiversity research. Here, we describe the advertisement calls of 20 anuran species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We accessed 50 digital recordings deposited in the Fonoteca Neotropical Jacques Vielliard. Acoustic analyses were carried out in the software Raven pro 1.5. We provide a general comparison of call structure among species inside taxonomic groups and genera. The vocalizations described here belong to poorly known species, which are representatives of six families: Brachycephalidae, Bufonidae, Ceratophryidae, Cycloramphidae, Hylidae, and Phyllomedusidae. Despite this, still there are 163 species of anurans from Atlantic Forest with calls not formally described. Our work represents an important step in providing data for a taxonomic perspective and improving the knowledge of the Atlantic Forest anuran diversity.

The centipede genus Otostigmus Porat in Brazil: Description of three new species from the Atlantic Forest; a summary and an identification key to the Brazilian species of this genus (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae, Otostigminae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3280 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMAZONAS CHAGAS-JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
The State ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Distribution

Three new species of Otostigmus Porat, 1876 from Brazilian Atlantic Forest are described. Otostigmus beckeri sp. n. andO. lanceolatus sp. n. are described from the state of Bahia and O. giupponii sp. n. from the state of Espírito Santo. InBrazil, the otostigmine scolopendrid genus Otostigmus comprises 22 species. A summary of Brazilian Otostigmus speciesis presented with new distribution records, taxonomic remarks when appropriate and an identification key. Otostigmus sul-catus Meinert, 1886 is recorded for the first time from Brazil; the Andean Otostigmus silvestrii Kraepelin 1903, previouslyrecorded from Brazil, is here considered not to be present in this country. Eight nominal species are regarded here as newsynonyms. Five of them—Otostigmus pradoi Bücherl, 1939, O. longistigma Bücherl, 1939, O. longipes Bücherl, 1939,O. langei Bücherl, 1946 and O. dentifusus Bücherl, 1946—are based on females of O. tibialis Brölemann, 1902. O. latipesBücherl, 1954 is conspecific with and is considered a junior synonym of O. sulcatus Meinert, 1886; O. limbatus diminutusBücherl, 1946 is a junior synonym of O. limbatus Meinert, 1886 and O. fossulatus Attems, 1928 is a junior synonym of O. goeldii Brölemann, 1898. A lectotype is designated for O. goeldii.

scholarly journals Hide-and-Seek with Tiny Neotenic Beetles in One of the Hottest Biodiversity Hotspots: Towards an Understanding of the Real Diversity of Jurasaidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Gabriel Biffi ◽  
Simone Policena Rosa ◽  
Robin Kundrata
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
First Time

Jurasaidae are a family of neotenic elateroid beetles which was described recently from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot based on three species in two genera. All life stages live in the soil, including the larviform females, and only adult males are able to fly. Here, we report the discovery of two new species, Jurasai miraculum sp. nov. and J. vanini sp. nov., and a new, morphologically remarkable population of J. digitusdei Rosa et al., 2020. Our discovery sheds further light on the diversity and biogeography of the group. Most species of Jurasaidae are known from the rainforest remnants of the Atlantic Forest, but here for the first time we report a jurasaid species from the relatively drier Atlantic Forest/Caatinga transitional zone. Considering our recent findings, minute body size and cryptic lifestyle of all jurasaids, together with potentially high numbers of yet undescribed species of this family from the Atlantic Forest and possibly also other surrounding ecoregions, we call for both field research in potentially suitable localities as well as for a detailed investigation of a massive amount of already collected but still unprocessed materials deposited in a number of Brazilian institutes, laboratories and collections.

Sharing sound: Avian acoustic niches in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Biotropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Kleyn ◽  
Mariane Cruz Kaizer ◽  
Luiza F. Passos
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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