scholarly journals Filling Tricompartmental Ligands with GdIII and ZnII Ions: Some Structural and MRI Studies

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Corredoira-Vázquez ◽  
Matilde Fondo ◽  
Jesús Sanmartín-Matalobos ◽  
Pablo Taboada ◽  
Ana García-Deibe
Keyword(s):  
Isosceles Triangle ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Metal Centers ◽  
Ancillary Ligands ◽  
Gadolinium Complex ◽  
Mri Studies ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Heterotrinuclear Complex

Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a mononuclear gadolinium complex (Gd) and two heteronuclear Zn-Gd complexes (ZnGd and Zn2Gd), which contain two similar three-armed ligands that display an external compartment suitable for lanthanoid ions, and two internal compartments adequate for zinc (II) ions [H3L′ = (2-(3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-methyl phenyl)-1,3-bis[4 -(3-formyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-azabut-3-enyl]-1,3-imidazolidine; H3L = 2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-bis[4-(5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-azabut-3-enyl]-1,3-imidazolidine]. The synthetic methods used were varied, but the use of a metalloligand, [Zn2(L)AcO], as starting material was the key factor to obtain the heterotrinuclear complex Zn2Gd. The structure of the precursor dinuclear zinc complex is mostly preserved in this complex, since it is based on a compact [Zn2Ln(L)(OH)(H2O)]3+ residue, with a µ3-OH bridge between the three metal centers, which are almost forming an isosceles triangle. The asymmetric spatial arrangement of other ancillary ligands leads to chirality, what contrasts with the totally symmetric mononuclear gadolinium complex Gd. These features were confirmed by the crystal structures of both complexes. Despite the presence of the bulky compartmental Schiff base ligand, the chiral heterotrinuclear complex forms an intricate network which is predominately expanded in two dimensions, through varied H-bonds that connect not only the ancillary ligands, but also the nitrate counterions and some solvated molecules. In addition, some preliminary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been made to determine the relaxivities of the three gadolinium complexes, with apparently improved T1 and T2 relaxivities with increasing zinc nuclearity, since both transversal and longitudinal relaxivities appear to enhance in the sequence Gd < ZnGd < Zn2Gd.

scholarly journals An Automatic High Efficient Method for Dish Concentrator Alignment

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Jinshan Xu ◽  
Yijiang Wang ◽  
Xu Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Isosceles Triangle ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Light Spot ◽  
New Method ◽  
Automatic Determination ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Key Factor

Alignment of dish concentrator is a key factor to the performance of solar energy system. We propose a new method for the alignment of faceted solar dish concentrator. The isosceles triangle configuration of facet’s footholds determines a fixed relation between light spot displacements and foothold movements, which allows an automatic determination of the amount of adjustments. Tests on a 25 kW Stirling Energy System dish concentrator verify the feasibility, accuracy, and efficiency of our method.

scholarly journals Research on Key Factors Affecting Power Supply and Demand Trend Based on Complex Correlation

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 06022
Author(s):  
Dunnan Liu ◽  
Rui Ge ◽  
Pengfei Li ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Shanzhe Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Complex Correlation ◽  
Rule Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Big Data Technology

The market behaviors of the supply and demand sides in the power market are the issues that market participants, operators and regulators are most concerned about. This article starts from the two dimensions of power generation market behavior and demand market behaviour, analyzes the impact of power transaction behavior on supply and demand trend changes, and then studies the function of big data technology in correlation analysis. The qualitative data is converted into quantitative data, and then gray rule analysis and correlation coefficient analysis are used to mine association rules. The results show that demand response is the key factor that affects the change of load trend.

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthetic Methods and Potential Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Catherine P. Raptopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Gas Molecules ◽  
Solvent Molecules

Metal-organic frameworks represent a porous class of materials that are build up from metal ions or oligonuclear metallic complexes and organic ligands. They can be considered as sub-class of coordination polymers and can be extended into one-dimension, two-dimensions, and three-dimensions. Depending on the size of the pores, MOFs are divided into nanoporous, mesoporous, and macroporous items. The latter two are usually amorphous. MOFs display high porosity, a large specific surface area, and high thermal stability due to the presence of coordination bonds. The pores can incorporate neutral molecules, such as solvent molecules, anions, and cations, depending on the overall charge of the MOF, gas molecules, and biomolecules. The structural diversity of the framework and the multifunctionality of the pores render this class of materials as candidates for a plethora of environmental and biomedical applications and also as catalysts, sensors, piezo/ferroelectric, thermoelectric, and magnetic materials. In the present review, the synthetic methods reported in the literature for preparing MOFs and their derived materials, and their potential applications in environment, energy, and biomedicine are discussed.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT DESIGN OF SELECTIVE LISTENING LEARNING MATERIAL BASED ON CORRELATED CORE WITH THE APPLICATION OF LISTENING IN ACTION METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dedi Zulkarnain Pulungan ◽  
Fauziah Nasution ◽  
Robiyatul Adawiyah ◽  
Elissa Evawani Tambunan ◽  
Erni Rawati Sibuea
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Teaching Evaluation ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Selective Listening ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
Action Methods

The design of the development of learning methods involves the pattern of organizing elements or components in the curriculum. the development of learning materials listening to correlated core-based learning with the application of listening in action methods seen from two dimensions, namely horizontal and vertical dimensions. The horizontal dimension is related to the compilation of the scope of learning content. This spatial arrangement is often integrated with the learning and teaching process. The vertical dimension concerns the compilation of material sequences based on the order of difficulty. Arranged materials start from the easy ones, then go to the more difficult ones, or start with the basic ones followed by the continuation. This development describes in detail about the components that must be present in each listening learning material that can be used for the learning process. The design of the development of the listening learning material consists of several components, including the objectives of the curriculum, teaching materials or the material or content of the curriculum, teaching strategies or teaching methods, teaching media and teaching evaluation and improving teaching. These components are related to each other in the development of learning materials listening to correlated core-based learning by applying listening in action methods.

scholarly journals Spatial dispersion and the concentration of buildings in an urban agglomeration – a typology proposal for the Warsaw Metropolitan Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-96
Author(s):  
Paweł Sudra
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Spatial Dispersion ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Spatial Concentration ◽  
Main Determinants

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the state of dispersion and concentration of buildings in the Warsaw urban agglomeration. In particular, a goal was defined to develop a typology of basic administrative units due to the level and characteristics of the spatial concentration of buildings. The study was conducted based on the municipalities (urban, urban-rural and rural) of the Warsaw Metropolitan Area (delimitation of the Warsaw urban agglomeration used for the strategic and planning purposes) and districts of the capital city of Poland. Data on buildings was obtained from the topographic objects database. The share of buildings in total, as well as single-family and multi-family housing objects, was taken into account (these two categories were assumed to be the main determinants of suburbanization). Two methods were used to analyze their distribution: the density quotient factor, and the average nearest neighbour method. The spatial arrangement of buildings covers a wide spectrum of types, determined by combinations of both extreme and intermediate values of two dimensions of spatial concentration – the density of objects and the degree of their spatial dispersion (level of regularity, randomization, or clustering in their distribution). The typology allows us to indicate units for which similarly oriented spatial policy should be applied. The method of construction of the developed typology may be useful for application to research in other areas.

Whether the Pairwise Rating Method and the Spatial Arrangement Method Yield Comparable Dimensionalities Depends on the Dimensionality Choice Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Verheyen ◽  
Gert Storms
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Similarity Measurement ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Similarity Data ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Rating Method ◽  
Method Yield ◽  
Data Yield

We investigate whether two methods for obtaining similarity data yield multidimensional scaling (MDS) solutions of comparable dimensionality. In the Pairwise Rating Method (PRaM), participants rate the (dis)similarity of all pairs of stimuli on a Likert scale. In the Spatial Arrangement Method (SpAM), participants organize stimuli on a computer screen so that the distance between stimuli represents their perceived dissimilarity. Across two studies that included eight semantic categories with varying numbers of both pictorial and verbal exemplars, we did not find consistent dimensionality differences between the two similarity measurement methods. The results alleviate the concern that because of its two-dimensional nature, SpAM might underestimate the dimensionality of high-dimensional stimuli compared to PRaM. Aggregating the SpAM similarity data from a sufficient number of participants can yield spatial representations with more than two dimensions. However, the resulting number of dimensions was found to be highly dependent on the dimensionality choice procedure. Even for specific combinations of a single category and similarity measurement method, different dimensionalities were obtained depending on whether the reliability of the similarity data, Monte Carlo simulations, or predictive correlations were used to establish the number of dimensions, indicating the need for a more systematic investigation into dimensionality selection for MDS.

Structured-Light-Based 3D Reconstruction Using Gray Code and Line-Shift Stripes

2010 ◽  
Vol 108-111 ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Yi Zheng ◽  
Hua Liang Hu ◽  
Xuan Xu ◽  
Kai Le
Keyword(s):  
Structured Light ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gray Code ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Line Shift ◽  
Epipolar Constraint ◽  
Image Match ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Intersection Points ◽  
3D Information

The structured light can be used to extract the 3D information through obtaining the three-dimensional points from being measured object, and this method is simple, fast and accurate. However, the key factor of this process is how to inspect the stripes accurately. To improve the accuracy, in this paper, we firstly locate the stripes of the structured light roughly by use of the gray code images, and then locate it accurately by utilizing the line-shift stripes code images. Finally we turn the two dimensions search into one dimension search in the image match by using of epipolar constraint, and the intersection points of the stripes of structured light and the epipolar line are final match points. Finally, space intersection has been used to obtain three-dimensional points. Repeated experiments prove that wonderful effect can be obtained by this method.

scholarly journals Citizen e-Participation as an Important Factor for Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Musiał-Karg ◽  
Izabela Kapsa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Inclusive Governance ◽  
Willingness To Use

Citizen e-participation – in times of rapid ICT advancement – is an important factor contributing to the development of contemporary democracies. The use of electronic citizen involvement tools provides numerous changes in the relationship between the citizen and public institution, especially by boosting citizen engagement in decision making. Civic participation is a key factor in determining effective and inclusive governance at the local and national levels. As many organizations have recognized, contemporary democracy needs to ensure a responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making process, emphasizing the importance of those sustainable development factors. Moreover, National Councils for Sustainable Development were once considered critical to achieving integration in decision-making and participation, two dimensions that were at the heart of the sustainable development concept. The article presents citizen e-participation as an important factor for sustainable development. The purpose is to explain theoretical and empirical meaning of citizen e-participation for sustainable development. To achieve this goal, the authors used the following research methods: critical review of the literature and quantitative data analysis (data examined come from author’s own research (2018) into use and willingness to use e-government tools by Poles). Research findings may be an important contribution to the development of civic participation and the implicit value of the process. Keywords: citizen participation, e-democracy, e-government, e-participation, Poland, sustainable development.

scholarly journals A Zn(II) Metallocycle as Platform to Assemble a 1D + 1D → 1D Polyrotaxane via π···π Stacking of an Ancillary Ligand

Inorganics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Marzio Rancan ◽  
Giada Truccolo ◽  
Alice Carlotto ◽  
Silvio Quici ◽  
Lidia Armelao
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ancillary Ligand ◽  
Pyridine Ligand ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
Metal Centers ◽  
Ancillary Ligands ◽  
Π Stacking

A new [Zn2L2] metallocycle bearing two metal centers that can coordinate ancillary ligands and a pocket suitable to host guest molecules is reported. These two features are exploited by reacting the metallocycle with a pyridine ligand to self-assemble in the solid state an extended intertwined system with the rare 1D + 1D → 1D topology. This interpenetrated architecture is supported by π···π stacking between two pyridine units of two different metallocycles in the pocket of a third metallocycle.

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