scholarly journals Color Glass by Layered Nitride Films for Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) System

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Akpeko Gasonoo ◽  
Hyeon-Sik Ahn ◽  
Seongmin Lim ◽  
Jae-Hyun Lee ◽  
Yoonseuk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Target Thickness ◽  
Color Glass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Refractive Index Layer

We investigated layered titanium nitride (TiN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) for color glasses in building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. AlN and TiN are among suitable and cost-effective optical materials to be used as thin multilayer films, owing to the significant difference in their refractive index. To fabricate the structure, we used radio frequency magnetron deposition method to achieve the target thickness uniformly. A simple, fast, and cheap fabrication method is achieved by depositing the multilayer films in a single sputtering chamber. It is demonstrated that a multilayer stack that allows light to be transmitted from a low refractive index layer to a high refractive index layer or vice-versa can effectively create various distinct color reflections for different film thicknesses and multilayer structures. It is investigated from simulation based on wave optics that TiN/AlN multilayer offers better color design freedom and a cheaper fabrication process as compared to AlN/TiN multilayer films. Blue, green, and yellow color glasses with optical transmittance of more than 80% was achieved by indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass/TiN/AlN multilayer films. This technology exhibits good potential in commercial BIPV system applications.

scholarly journals Color Glass by Layered Nitride Films for Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akpeko Gasonoo ◽  
Hyeon-Sik Ahn ◽  
Seongmin Lim ◽  
Jae-Hyun Lee ◽  
Yoonseuk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Target Thickness ◽  
Color Glass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaic ◽  
Refractive Index Layer

We investigated layered titanium nitride (TiN) and aluminum nitride (AlN) for color glasses in Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. AlN and TiN are among suitable and cost-effective optical materials to be used as thin multilayer films, owing to the significant difference in their refractive index. To fabricate the structure, we used radio frequency magnetron deposition method to achieve the target thickness uniformly. A simple, fast, and cheap fabrication method is achieved by depositing the multilayer films in a single sputtering chamber. It is demonstrated that a multilayer stack that allows light to move from a low refractive index layer to a high refractive index layer or vice-versa can effectively create various distinct color reflections for different film thicknesses and multilayer structures. It is investigated from simulation based on wave optics that, TiN/AlN multilayer offers better color design freedom and cheaper fabrication process as compared to AlN/TiN multilayer films. Blue, green, and yellow color glasses with optical transmittance of more than 80% was achieved by ITO coated glass/TiN/AlN multilayer films. This technology exhibits good potential in commercial BIPV system applications.

Fabrication of Antireflective Films Composed of High and Low Refractive Index Layers Using Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly Method

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 559-562
Author(s):  
Jin Hye Bae ◽  
Jin Han Cho ◽  
Kook Heon Char
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Particle Layer ◽  
Refractive Index Layer ◽  
Low Refractive Index

We introduce a novel and versatile approach for controlling anti-reflective (AR) properties of multilayer films based on layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly (SA) method. For the fabrication of these films, blend (i.e., mixed) layers containing both polyanions (i.e., titanium precursor (TALH) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)) were assembled with polycation (i.e., poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDAD)) for the formation of the high refractive index multilayers and on the other hand, the negatively charged silica particles with the diameter of about 100 nm were employed for low refractive index layer. The refractive index of TALH:PSS/PDAD multilayer was controlled by blending ratio and annealing temperature as TALH has the relatively high refractive index (n = 1.68) in comparison with that (n = 1.46) of conventional polyelectrolytes (PEs) at room temperature and furthermore these titanium precursors are partially changed into TiO2 with relatively high refractive indices (n = 1.50 ~ 1.81) at annealing temperature of 250 oC. In the case of silica particle layer used for low refractive index layer, the calculated refractive index was about 1.35 due to much vacancy among the adsorbed silica colloids although the inherent refractive index of silica material is about 1.45. As a result, the films composed of TALH:PSS/PDAD multilayers with tunable refractive index and silica colloidal layer can easily modulate the optical properties of multilayer films by blending ratio and heat treatment.

scholarly journals Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 695-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyu Kabiru Isiyaku ◽  
Ahmad Hadi Ali ◽  
Nafarizal Nayan
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Transparent Conductive Oxide ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ito Films

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a widely used material for transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films due to its good optical and electrical properties. Improving the optoelectronic properties of ITO films with reduced thickness is crucial and quite challenging. ITO-based multilayer films with an aluminium–silver (Al–Ag) interlayer (ITO/Al–Ag/ITO) and a pure ITO layer (as reference) were prepared by RF and DC sputtering. The microstructural, optical and electrical properties of the ITO/Al–Ag/ITO (IAAI) films were investigated before and after annealing at 400 °C. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the insertion of the Al–Ag intermediate bilayer led to the crystallization of an Ag interlayer even at the as-deposited stage. Peaks attributed to ITO(222), Ag(111) and Al(200) were observed after annealing, indicating an enhancement in crystallinity of the multilayer films. The annealed IAAI film exhibited a remarkable improvement in optical transmittance (86.1%) with a very low sheet resistance of 2.93 Ω/sq. The carrier concentration increased more than twice when the Al–Ag layer was inserted between the ITO layers. The figure of merit of the IAAI multilayer contact has been found to be high at 76.4 × 10−3 Ω−1 compared to a pure ITO contact (69.4 × 10−3 Ω−1). These highly conductive and transparent ITO films with Al–Ag interlayer can be a promising contact for low-resistance optoelectronics devices.

Anti-reflection and anti-static (AR/AS) coatings made by TiO2 sol-gel process with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene)

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Jung Kim ◽  
Tae Young Kim ◽  
Chin Su Park ◽  
Jong Eun Kim ◽  
Tae Hee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Conducting Layer ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Refractive Index Layer ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Low Refractive Index

AbstractIn this study, we designed a two-layer hybrid Anti-Reflection/Anti-Static (AR/AS) thin film. Two kinds of UV-curable fluorinated compounds were synthesized as low refractive index materials, and a TiO2 sol combined with a conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) was made by the sol-gel process for use as a high refractive index material as well as a conducting layer. In order to determine the most optimized AR/AS system, the spectral properties were simulated with the refractive index of each layer. According to the simulated results, a high refractive index layer was deposited on the hard coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate by the spin coating technique, and a low refractive index layer was spin coated on the low refractive index layer. The reflectance and transmittance were measured by UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy. It was found that the measured reflectance and the maximum transmittance of the AR/AS film were 0.71 %R at a wavelength of 550 nm and 93 %T in the wavelength range between 400 and 700 nm, respectively. The surface resistance of the AR/AS film was 108.6 ohms.

Conductive Distributed Bragg Reflector Fabricated at Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 364-368
Author(s):  
Ann Kuo Chu ◽  
Wei Chen Tien
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Bragg Reflector ◽  
Distributed Bragg Reflector ◽  
Small Deviations ◽  
Ito Film ◽  
Ito Thin Films ◽  
Index Contrast

A conductive DBR electrode fabricated using the single Indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive material is proposed. The high refractive index of the dense ITO film was achieved by RF sputtering at room temperature and the porous ITO film with low refractive index was prepared by applying supercritical CO2(SCCO2) treatment at 60 °C on gel-coated ITO thin films. The index contrast of the ITO bilayers was higher than 0.5 at a wavelength of 550 nm. In addition, small deviations on the optical thickness of the ITO bilayers were observed during the DBR stacking processes. For the DBR comprising 4 periods ITO bilayers, the reflectance and sheet resistance of 72.8% and 35 Ω/ were achieved.

scholarly journals Fast Curable Polysiloxane-Silphenylene Hybrimer with High Transparency and Refractive Index for Optical Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Kyungkuk Koh ◽  
Honglae Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
High Transparency ◽  
Optical Applications

In this study, a fast curable polysiloxane-silphenylene hybrimer (PSH) was synthesized by the nonhydrolytic sol–gel condensation of phenyl-vinyl-oligosiloxane (PVO) and tris(dimethylhydrosilyl)benzene (TDMSB) under a Pt catalyst to investigate its optical property and thermal stability. The combination of PVO and tripod-type TDMSB results in a hybrimer with a fast curing time of 30 min. The PSH exhibited a high refractive index of 1.60, 1.59, and 1.58 at 450, 520, and 635 nm, respectively. High transmittance of 97% at 450 nm was obtained. The PSH exhibited a very high transmittance of 97% before thermal aging. The high optical transmittance of the PSH was only slightly decreased by 0.5% of the transmittance at 180 °C for 72 h after thermal aging, and high transparency was maintained almost constant even after 72 h of high-temperature treatment.

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