scholarly journals Fabrication, Characterization and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Mesoporous β-Tricalcium Phosphate Using the Spray Drying Method

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Henni Setia Ningsih ◽  
Leonhard Tannesia ◽  
Hsiang-Ho Chen ◽  
Shao-Ju Shih
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Future Demands

Mesoporous beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) has recently attracted significant interest as an artificial bone tissue in orthopedics. However, a scalable process is required to meet future demands. Spray drying is one of the potential synthesis methods owing to its low cost and scalable production. In this study, various mesoporous β-TCP powders were calcined in the range of 800 to 1100 °C, with particle sizes ranging from ~0.3 to ~1.8 μm, specific surface areas from ~16 to ~64 m2/g, and average pore sizes of 3 nm. Except for the 800 °C calcined powder, the other β-TCP powders (calcination temperatures of 900, 1000, and 1100 °C) exhibited no cytotoxicity. These results indicate that spray-dried mesoporous β-TCP powders were obtained. Finally, the corresponding formation mechanisms are discussed.

scholarly journals Cytotoxicity and Sterilization Resistance of Electronic Components for Disposable Smart Biomedical Devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
Valerie M. K. Werner ◽  
Daniel Strömsdörfer ◽  
Viet Nga Bui ◽  
Niklas von Wittenburg ◽  
Markus Eblenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biomedical Devices ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Standard Components

AbstractThe design of Smart Biomedical Devices will be a defining element of future research in the context of intelligent medical devices for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). A prerequisite for serving the disposable market is the use of cost-effective electronic components and the highest reliability of the developed products in terms of biocompatibility and bioprotection. In the study, resistors, capacitors, and light-emitting diodes, different in their materials and construction forms, were examined. The selected types represented electronic components as they are commonly installed on electronic system from the segment of low-cost standard components. These were subjected to steam sterilization with up to 50 cycles, gamma sterilization, and a CCK-8 assay to test in vitro cytotoxicity. Functional failure could not be determined for any component. Gamma sterilization did not result in significant changes in resistance values, but in capacitors with barium titanate as dielectric. Non-cytotoxic electronic components could be identified. The results show that certain electronic standard components are suitable for disposable Smart Biomedical Devices.

scholarly journals Praziquantel–Clays as Accelerated Release Systems to Enhance the Low Solubility of the Drug

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Borrego-Sánchez ◽  
Rita Sánchez-Espejo ◽  
Fátima García-Villén ◽  
César Viseras ◽  
C. Ignacio Sainz-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Produce Cell ◽  
Antiparasitic Drug ◽  
Oral Doses

Praziquantel is an antiparasitic drug indicated for the treatment of the schistosomiasis disease. This drug has very low aqueous solubility, requiring high oral doses for its administration which gives rise to side effects, therapeutic noncompliance and the appearance of resistant forms of the parasite. Clay minerals, like sepiolite and montmorillonite, are innocuous, non-toxic, biocompatible and low-cost excipients. Additionally, clays have high adsorbent properties that allow them to encapsulate drugs in nanometric spaces present in the channels in the case of the sepiolite or between the layers in the case of the montmorillonite. The interactions between the drug and clay minerals are studied experimentally with the strategy for preparing interactions products in organic solvents (ethanol, acetonitrile and dichloromethane) so that the interaction will be more effective and will be enhanced the aqueous solubility of praziquantel. The results showed that in the interaction products, the drug interacted with both clay minerals, which produced the loss of the crystallinity of the drug demonstrated by different techniques. This led to a significant increase in the dissolution rate of the praziquantel in all the interaction products in the simulated gastrointestinal tract media, except for the praziquantel–montmorillonite product prepared in dichloromethane that presented a controlled release in acid medium. Moreover, in vitro cytotoxicity and cell cycle studies were performed in the interaction products prepared with ethanol. The interaction product with sepiolite was biocompatible with the HTC116 line cells, and it did not produce alterations in the cell cycle. However, interaction products with montmorillonite did not produce cell death, but they showed affectation and damage of cells in the cell cycle study at the highest concentration tested (20–100 µM). Therefore, the different organic solvents used are adequate for the improvement of the biopharmaceutical profile of praziquantel. Drug–clay interaction products, specifically with sepiolite, showed very promising results in which new accelerated oral release systems of the praziquantel were obtained.

α-Tricalcium phosphate cement: “in vitro” cytotoxicity

Biomaterials ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2035-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A dos Santos ◽  
R.G Carrodéguas ◽  
S.O Rogero ◽  
O.Z Higa ◽  
A.O Boschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity

Self-assembled Amphotericin B Pharmacosome like Vesicles Derived from Lipid-based Microtubes: a Model Carrier to Further Explore.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Salerno ◽  
Maria L. Cuestas ◽  
Karina Manco ◽  
Diego A Chiappetta ◽  
Silvia E. Lucangioli
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Drug Stability ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Targeting Delivery ◽  
Delivery Routes ◽  
Self Assembled ◽  
Invasive Mold Infections

Background: Self-assembled drug delivery systems are of much interest since they can be produced by simple low cost and solvent-free procedures. Pharmacosomes are supramolecular-structured nanocarriers with benefits for drug stability and targeting delivery. Amphotericin B (AmB) still remains an important agent for the treatment of invasive mold infections, e.g invasive aspergillosis, although the challenge for new formulations is still prevailing due to high rates of toxicity. Objective: We have previously reported the incorporation of AmB into 12-hydroxystearic acid lipid-based microtubes (MTs) for topical use, herein we report the ability of AmB-MTs to self-assemble into vesicles upon dilution. Methods: AmB-MTs with different drug concentration (1, 3, 5 mg/ml) were prepared and size determination was carried out for different dilutions. Morphology was evaluated by microscopy. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in Vero cells and in vitro activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus was assessed. Results: AmB-MTs closed upon dilution to form vesicles ranging from 200 nm to 1µm. AmB MIC (Minimun inhibitory concentration) for both Aspergillus species was 0.0625 and 0.125 µg/ml for dispersion and reconstituted lyophilized, respectively. Conclusion: AmB pharmacosome-like vesicles are smaller structures than MTs may thus be favourable for other delivery routes. We assume that this kind of pharmacosomes-like carrier is a promising model for the obtention of new vesicular carriers based on lipid MTs.

Novel phytochemical Cissus quadrangularis extract–loaded chitosan/Na-carboxymethyl cellulose–based scaffolds for bone regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedef Tamburaci ◽  
Ceren Kimna ◽  
Funda Tihminlioglu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Average Pore ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis

Medicinal plants are attracting considerable interest as a potential therapeutic agent for bone tissue regeneration. Cissus quadrangularis L. is also a medicinal plant known with its osteogenic activity. In this study, a phytochemical scaffold was produced by incorporating Cissus quadrangularis with chitosan/Na-carboxymethyl cellulose blend by lyophilization technique. The effect of Cissus quadrangularis loading on the mechanical, morphological, chemical, and degradation properties as well as in vitro cytotoxicity, cell proliferation, and differentiation of the composites was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that porous Cissus quadrangularis–loaded scaffolds were obtained with an average pore size of 148–209 µm which is appropriate for bone regeneration. Cissus quadrangularis incorporation enhanced the compression modulus of scaffolds from 76 to 654 kPa. In vitro cell culture results indicated that Cissus quadrangularis/chitosan/Na-carboxymethyl cellulose scaffolds provided a favorable substrate for the osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization. Results supported the osteoinductive property of the Cissus quadrangularis extract–incorporated scaffolds even without osteogenic media supplement. Cissus quadrangularis extract increased the alkaline phosphatase activity of the SaOS-2 cells on scaffolds on 7th and 14th days of incubation. The investigation of characterization and cell culture studies suggest that Cissus quadrangularis–loaded osteoinductive Cissus quadrangularis/chitosan/Na-carboxymethyl cellulose scaffold can serve as a potential biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Development of pyridyl thiosemicarbazones as highly potent agents for the treatment of malaria after oral administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2965-2973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J Parkinson ◽  
Geoffrey W Birrell ◽  
Marina Chavchich ◽  
Donna Mackenzie ◽  
Richard K Haynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Mammalian Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Mammalian Cell Lines

AbstractObjectivesDrug resistance exists to all current and investigational antimalarial drug classes. Consequently, we have set out to develop chemically and mechanistically discrete antimalarials. Here we report on the development of thiosemicarbazone (TSC) antimalarials, with TSC3 as the most advanced lead.MethodsThiosemicarbazones were generated through simple condensation reactions of thiosemicarbazides and ketones. TSC3 was selected and tested for in vitro antimalarial activities against MDR Plasmodium falciparum lines using the [3H]hypoxanthine growth assay, in vitro cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines using the alamarBlue fluorescence cell viability assay, in vivo potency in the mouse–Plasmodium berghei model and blood exposure in mice measured by LC-MS for pharmacokinetic analysis.ResultsTSC3 showed potent in vitro activity against atovaquone-, dihydroartemisinin-, chloroquine- and mefloquine-resistant P. falciparum lines (EC50 <15 nM). The selectivity index (EC50 cells/EC50Pf W2 line) of TSC3 was >500 in two of three mammalian cell lines. In P. berghei-infected mice, TSC3 showed potent activity in the Peters 4 day suppression test (ED50 1.2 mg/kg/day) and was as potent as artesunate and chloroquine in the curative modified Thompson test. A single oral dose of TSC3 at 16 mg/kg in healthy mice achieved a mean maximum blood concentration of 1883 ng/mL at 1 h after dosing and an elimination half-life of 48.7 h in groups of five mice.ConclusionsTSC3 shows promise as a persistent, potent and orally effective antimalarial. This, coupled with the extremely low cost of synthesis, suggests that the further development of antimalarial thiosemicarbazones is clearly warranted.

Improvement of Ti/RuO2–IrO2 Anode Lifetime and Electrocatalytical Properties by Using an Eco-Friendly Thermal Decomposition Method Using Polyvinyl Alcohol as Solvent

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlys Bezerra ◽  
Géssica Santos ◽  
Marilia Pupo ◽  
Maria Gomes ◽  
Ronaldo Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pechini Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Charge Transfer Resistance ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Service Lifetime

<p>Electrochemical oxidation processes are promising solutions for wastewater treatment due to their high efficiency, easy control and versatility. Mixed metal oxides (MMO) anodes are particularly attractive due to their low cost and specific catalytic properties. Here, we propose an innovative thermal decomposition methodology using <a>polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)</a> as a solvent to prepare Ti/RuO<sub>2</sub>–IrO<sub>2</sub> anodes. Comparative anodes were prepared by conventional method employing a polymeric precursor solvent (Pechini method). The calcination temperatures studied were 300, 400 and 500 °C. The physical characterisation of all materials was performed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, while electrochemical characterisation was done by cyclic voltammetry, accelerated service lifetime and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Both RuO<sub>2</sub> and IrO<sub>2</sub> have rutile-type structures for all anodes. Rougher and more compact surfaces are formed for the anodes prepared using PVA. Amongst temperatures studied, 300 °C using PVA as solvent is the most suitable one to produce anodes with expressive increase in voltammetric charge (250%) and accelerated service lifetime (4.3 times longer) besides reducing charge-transfer resistance (8 times lower). Moreover, the electrocatalytic activity of the anodes synthesised with PVA toward the Reactive Blue 21 dye removal in chloride medium (100 % in 30 min) is higher than that prepared by Pechini method (60 min). Additionally, the removal total organic carbon point out improved mineralisation potential of PVA anodes. Finally, this study reports a novel methodology using PVA as solvent to synthesise Ti/RuO<sub>2</sub>–IrO<sub>2</sub> anodes with improved properties that can be further extended to synthesise other MMO compositions.</p>

In vitro Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity Analysis of Ten Tannery Chemicals Using SOS/umu Tests and High-content In vitro Micronucleus Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehao Huang ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Kaifeng Rao ◽  
Cuiting Liu ◽  
Zijian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Qsar Analysis ◽  
Cell Assays ◽  
Micronucleus Tests ◽  
Damaging Effects

Background: More than 2,000 chemicals have been used in the tannery industry. Although some tannery chemicals have been reported to have harmful effects on both human health and the environment, only a few have been subjected to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity evaluations. Objective: This study focused on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of ten tannery chemicals widely used in China. Materials and Methods: DNA-damaging effects were measured using the SOS/umu test with Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. Chromosome-damaging and cytotoxic effects were determined with the high-content in vitro Micronucleus test (MN test) using the human-derived cell lines MGC-803 and A549. Conclusion: The cytotoxicity of the ten tannery chemicals differed somewhat between the two cell assays, with A549 cells being more sensitive than MGC-803 cells. None of the chemicals induced DNA damage before metabolism, but one was found to have DNA-damaging effects on metabolism. Four of the chemicals, DY64, SB1, DB71 and RR120, were found to have chromosome-damaging effects. A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis indicated that one structural feature favouring chemical genotoxicity, Hacceptor-path3-Hacceptor, may contribute to the chromosome-damaging effects of the four MN-test-positive chemicals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document