scholarly journals Transverse Micro Radiography Analysis of the Effect of Experimental Calcium-Containing Primer System on Demineralized Enamel

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Yusuke Koshimitsu ◽  
Go Inoue ◽  
Mahmoud Sayed ◽  
Amr Saad ◽  
Masaomi Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Mineral Deposition ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
Additional Mineral ◽  
Mineral Loss

Background: Enamel mineral density is dependent on a balanced dynamic process of demineralization and remineralization. Objective: We evaluated the remineralization potential of experimental calcium- containing primer (CaP) application on enamel subsurface lesions. Methods: Demineralized enamel samples obtained from bovine incisor teeth were prepared and cut buccolingually. All samples were divided into 4 main groups according to the type of primer: CLEARFIL SE BOND 2 Primer (SEP), experimental calcium-containing primer (CaP) and bond: CLEARFIL SE BOND 2 Bond (SEB), CLEARFIL Protect Bond (PBB) treatment: (1) SEP-SEB (2) SEP-PBB (3) CaP-SEB (4) CaP-PBB. Each group was subdivided according to storage time in artificial saliva: immediately, 1 month and 6 months. Then, the samples were analyzed using transverse micro radiography (TMR). Additionally, the samples treated with each primer were prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) observation. Two-way ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis of mineral loss (ΔZ: vol%·µm). Results: CaP-PBB had the significantly lowest ΔZ at all storage times, while SEP-SEB had the highest ΔZ (p < 0.05). SEM observations revealed that new crystals were formed on the surface after 6 months, and the ratio of calcium on the enamel increased in the EDS analysis. Conclusion: Experimental calcium-containing primer can provide additional mineral deposition, with even further deposition when combined with a fluoride-containing bond.

scholarly journals Study on the Behavior of Dental Alloy CoCrWNbMoV in Artificial Saliva

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Adrian Alexandru ◽  
Ramona Cimpoesu ◽  
Anca Melian ◽  
Mihaela Salceanu
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Dental Alloy ◽  
Chemical Dispersion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Cocrmo Alloys ◽  
Resistance Tests

Dental materials represent an important market worldwide. For solutions that are currently financially acceptable, CoCr or CoCrMo alloys have been an affordable option for all dental technicians. Constant improvements in the properties of this alloy such as corrosion resistance and hardness have been pursued. In this paper are presented some experimental results obtained from the electro-corrosion resistance analysis of the CoCrWNbMoV alloy in two electrolyte solutions made from artificial saplings Afnor and respectively Duffo Quezada. Following electro-corrosion resistance tests, the surface of the alloy was characterized by optical and electron microscopy (OM and SEM) and chemical dispersion X-ray (EDS) analysis.

Remineralization of Natural Tooth Enamel in Artificial Saliva Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agripina Zaharia ◽  
Viorica Ghisman Plescan ◽  
Irina Atkinson ◽  
Oana Catalina Mocioiu ◽  
Alina Cantaragiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Enamel Matrix Derivative ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Demineralized Enamel

This paper investigates in situ remineralization of the acid-etched natural enamel surface, by incubation in a phosphate solution with neutral pH, at 37 �C for 4-10 days, without using any enamel matrix derivative (EMD). We investigated the morphology, crystallinity, chemical composition and structure of the newly grown layer onto the natural enamel surface stored in contact with artificial saliva (AS) having a composition similar to natural oral environment. The crystalline phases, crystallite size and orientation, as well as the chemical and phase composition of the remineralized dental enamel samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The experimental results showed that the enamel crystals grown on the demineralized enamel surface are mainly Ca-deficient apatite hexagonal structure. Fluoridated hydroxyapatite and sylvite-type KCl crystallites, which amount considerable increased in the case of sample stored in AS for 10 days, were also identified.

scholarly journals In Vitro Cytotoxicity Test and Surface Characterization of CoCrW Alloy in Artificial Saliva Solution for Dental Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klester Santos Souza ◽  
Ruth Flavia Vera Villamil Jaimes ◽  
Sizue Otta Rogero ◽  
Pedro Augusto de Paula Nascente ◽  
Silvia Maria Leite Agostinho
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eds Analysis

Abstract In order to evaluate its application as a dental prosthesis material, a CoCrW alloy was subjected to in vitro cytotoxicity test, surface characterization and electrochemical studies performed in artificial saliva and 0.15 mol.L-1 NaCl medium. The used techniques were: anodic polarization curves, chronoamperometric measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Cytotoxicity test was also performed. The electrochemical behavior of CoCrW alloy was compared in both studied media, from corrosion potential (Ecorr) to a 600 mV anodic overvoltage. From the electrochemical measurements it was observed that the CoCrW alloy in both media presents only generalized corrosion. SEM and EDS analysis showed that the alloy presents carbide niobium and silicon and manganese oxides as nonmetallic inclusions. XPS results indicated that cobalt does not significantly contribute to the passivating film formation. Cytotoxicity test showed no cytotoxic character of CoCrW alloy. These results suggest that the CoCrW alloy can be used as biomaterial to be applied as prosthesis in dental implants.

scholarly journals Amelogenin Peptide-Chitosan Hydrogel for Biomimetic Enamel Regrowth

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Mukherjee ◽  
Amrita Chakraborty ◽  
Garima Sandhu ◽  
Sohaib Naim ◽  
E. Bauza Nowotny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Demineralized Enamel ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enamel Erosion ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Peptide Hydrogels

We designed synthetic peptides that have demonstrated an effective remineralization potential to restore incipient enamel decay. In order to develop a clinically viable approach we incorporated the amelogenin-derived peptides P26 and P32 into chitosan hydrogel and examined their efficacy in the remineralization of enamel. Peptides in chitosan exhibited increased stability in vitro as compared to peptides in solution at room temperature and at 37°C. Tooth models for enamel erosion (sections) and white spot lesions (blocks) were subject to periods of demineralization. Treatment groups were subjected to remineralization in artificial saliva in the presence of P26 and P32 in solution and in chitosan hydrogel (P26-CS and P32-CS). Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) was employed to analyze mineral density following demineralization and remineralization across all the treatment groups. Scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation were used to characterize the surface structure and mechanical strength of regrown enamel. Control enamel sections treated in artificial saliva demonstrated randomly distributed, tiny, needle-shaped crystals with a low packing density and porosities displaying mineralization defects. In samples treated with P26-CS or P32-CS a denser coating of organized hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals was formed covering the entire surfaces of demineralized enamel window. The hardness and modulus of enamel surfaces were increased after treatment with P26-CS and P32-CS with no significant difference in the mechanical properties between the two peptide hydrogels. Analysis of mineral density by QLF showed that in enamel sections P26 peptide alone or P26-CS significantly enhanced the remineralization. In enamel blocks P26 in solution had a better efficacy than P26-CS.

scholarly journals Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Sodium Fluoride Varnish on Remineralization in Artificially Induced Enamel Caries: An in vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyoung Kim ◽  
Sangho Lee ◽  
Nanyoung Lee ◽  
Myeongkwan Jih
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Demineralized Enamel

The purpose of this study was to compare the remineralization effect of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on artificially induced enamel caries.The present study standardized the physiochemical characteristics of the tooth structure using bovine teeth, realized the wash-off action of agents using a saliva, reproduced an environment similar to mouth through pH-cycling, and comparatively assessed the remineralization effect of 38% SDF and 5% NaF varnish in a non-destructive method using micro-CT. And the remineralized enamel surface structure was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS).In both SDF and NaF varnish, mineral density (△Hounsfield unit value) and the volume of enamel restored to normal mineral density through remineralization gradually increased with time. And the SDF showed a much higher level of increase in mineral density at all depths and remineralized volume than NaF varnish.According to SEM analysis, the surface roughness decreased in the order of artificial saliva, NaF varnish and SDF. In addition, EDS analysis showed that silver ion was precipitated on the enamel surface in SDF group.In conclusion, SDF had a greater remineralization effect than NaF varnish on demineralized enamel.

scholarly journals Halo Gravity Traction Is Associated with Reduced Bone Mineral Density of Patients with Severe Kyphoscoliosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Han ◽  
Weixiang Sun ◽  
Yong Qiu ◽  
Leilei Xu ◽  
Shifu Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Mineral Loss

Background. Halo gravity traction (HGT) is one of the most commonly used perioperative techniques for the treatment of severe kyphoscoliosis. This study was to explore the influence of HGT on the BMD of these patients.Methods. Patients with severe kyphoscoliosis treated by preoperative HGT for at least 2 months were included. Patients’ BMD were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at lumbar spine (LS, L2–L4) and femur neck (FN) of the nondominant side. The weight and duration of traction, as well as baseline characteristics, were recorded.Results. Twenty patients were recruited. The average traction duration was77.9±13.0days while the mean traction weight was39.9%±11.1% of total body weight. Remarkable decrease of BMD was observed at LS of 17 (85%) patients and at FN of 18 (90%) patients. After HGT, 75% of patients were found to have osteoporosis, the incidence of which was significantly higher than that before HGT (35%). The correlation analysis revealed BMD reduction was only significantly correlated with the traction duration.Conclusions. The current study showed that preoperative HGT can have obvious impact on the BMD. The BMD reduction is associated with traction duration, suggesting that long traction duration may bring more bone mineral loss.

Human Dentine Remineralization Under Non-colagen Materials Action

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 928-932
Author(s):  
Agripina Zaharia ◽  
Viorica Ghisman Plescan ◽  
Elena Maria Anghel ◽  
Viorica Musat
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Agarose Hydrogel ◽  
Human Dentine ◽  
Dentine Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this work is to induce biomimetic remineralization of acid etched coronal human dentine in artificial saliva (AS) under agarose (A) hydrogel or chitosan (CS)-A hydrogel action. The investigations focused on the morphology, chemical composition and crystalline structure of the new remineralized layers grown onto the etched dentinal surface (R) using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Experimental results showed that remineralized layers grown in the presence of A or CS-A hydrogels consist in B-type Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite (HAP). After 7 days treatment into artificial saliva under agarose hydrogel, nanorod-like extrafibrilar HAP crystals randomly self-assembled in a discontinuous layer were formed, while in presence of chitosan-agarose hydrogel a continuous compact CS-HAP composite layer was obtained. The new biomimetic layer (A-CS4) formed after 4 days on dentine surface under A-CS hydrogel has higher crystallinity. Longer exposed (7 days) dentine in the presence of agarose hydrogel shows a higher mineral-to-collagen ratio (A7). Since dentine mineralization increases, the collagen quality factor decreases in succession A-CS4]R]A7. Results show a benefic effect of chitosan on remineralization of etched dentine.

Blood Parathyrin and Mineral Metabolism Dynamics. A clinical analyze

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2754-2758
Author(s):  
Lucretiu Radu ◽  
Mara Carsote ◽  
Ancuta Augustina Gheorghisan Galateanu ◽  
Smaranda Adelina Preda ◽  
Veronica Calborean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Lumbar Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Ionic Calcium ◽  
Control Study

Circulating parathyrin (PTH or parthormon) is increased in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) in association with high total/ionic calcium (T/I Ca) and others mineral metabolism anomalies. This is a clinical cross-sectional and case-control study analyzing these changes after PHP surgical correction in menopausal women. Baseline parameters were: mean age at diagnosis (59.63�9.6 years), TCa of 10.9�0.7 mg/dL, PTH of 138.02�59.36 pg/mL. Longitudinal data showed: final TCa p[0.00001, ICa p[0.00001, phosphorus p[0.0001, magnesium p=0.9, 24-h urinary calcium p=0.4, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol p=0.01, PTH p[0.00001. High circulating parathyrin values due to PHP normalized after surgery in addition to statistical significant changes of TCa, ICa, P, lumbar Bone Mineral Density provided by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Mg and 24-h Ca might not be a marker of general mineral metabolism improvement.

The interaction of a manganese-oxidising bacterium as part of a biofilm growing on distribution pipe materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Murdoch ◽  
P.G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
Pipe Materials ◽  
Confocal Laser Microscope

The deposition of manganese within a biofilm growing on the surface of high-density polyethlene (HDPE) and polyvinychloride (PVC) was studied over a period of four months. The manganese rich water used in the study was inoculated with a manganese oxidising Pseudomonas spp. The level of Mn2+ in the water was monitored and was found to decrease as the biofilm formation increased. This was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis which showed the detection of manganese was dependent on the presence of a biofilm. After two months a 100% removal of Mn2+ was observed in all the flasks inoculated by the Pseudomonas spp. and manganese micro-nodules, the formation of which were reported in Murdoch and Smith (1999), were being formed in large clusters across the surfaces of both the HDPE and PVC. The manganese peak area from the EDS spectrum analysis of the micro-nodules was significantly larger than was measured in the biofilm when these micro-nodules were absent. The scanning confocal laser microscope (SCLM) images of three-week samples showed high bacterial activity around areas where manganese micro-nodules were starting to form on the pipe surface.

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