scholarly journals Prevalence and Characteristics of Thyroid Abnormalities and Its Association with Anemia in ASIR Region of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-504
Author(s):  
Saif Aboud M. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Asir Region

The thyroid gland plays a significant role in the metabolism and proliferation of blood cells; hematological disorders are frequently observed in patients with thyroid disorders, and the most frequent problem is anemia. The main objective of this research work is to evaluate the prevalence and types of thyroid dysfunction and their association with anemia in different gender stratified by age in the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. Four years of data from July 2016 to July 2020 for 9992 study subjects were collected. Statistical analysis was performed based on thyroid disorder and anemia stratified by gender and age subgroup. The mean age of the study subject was 43.4 ± 15.8 years, and females constituted 61.7% of cases. Thyroid dysfunction was observed in 49.76% (4973), and subclinical hypothyroidism was the most prevalent type (3922/9992), followed by primary hypothyroidism (530/9992). Females have a significantly higher overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction than males (p < 0.05). Anemia was detected in 1344 females and 465 males with a thyroid disorder, and also, the prevalence was significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to the normal thyroid group. Thyroid disorders are a common problem in our population, more prevalent in females than males, with the peak age of above 30 years, and are associated with an increased prevalence of anemia.

scholarly journals Thyroid Profile in Infertile Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Rojina Manandhar ◽  
Bekha Laxmi Manandhar ◽  
Jyoti Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Introduction: Infertility is defined as inability to conceive after one year of regular unprotected intercourse. Thyroid disorders can lead to infertility arising from different pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and type of thyroid disorder in infertile women and to compare the prevalence of thyroid disorder in primary and secondary infertility. Methods: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from 1st Baishak 2068 to 30th Chaitra 2068 (14th April 2011 to 12th April 2012). Results: Among 156 infertile women enrolled and analyzed in the present study, thyroid disorder was found in 12 women giving the prevalence of thyroid disorder in infertile women as 7.7%. Hypothyroidism was more common comprising 6.4% of all infertile women, out of which subclinical hypothyroidism was 3.8% and clinical hypothyroidism was 2.6%. Hyperthyroidism was seen in 1.3% of all infertile women of which subclinical hyperthyroidism was 0.64% and clinical hyperthyroidism was 0.64%. Prevalence of thyroid disorder in primary infertility was 9.8% and in secondary infertility it was 3.7%. Among the 12 infertile women with thyroid disorder, four infertile women (33%) conceived. Three cases of hypothyroidism conceived after treatment and one case of subclinical hyperthyroidism conceived without any treatment. Conclusions: This study shows that thyroid dysfunction shows a significant role in infertility. Proper management of the thyroid dysfunction can result regain of fertility. Therefore, routine screening is required to all cases of infertility for possible thyroid disorders.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

scholarly journals Thyroid disorders in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1018-1020
Author(s):  
S Subedi ◽  
B Banerjee ◽  
C Manisha
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Pattern

Background: Thyroid hormones play a key role in the menstrual and reproductive function of women .It is recognized universally that menstrual disturbances may accompany clinical alteration in thyroid function and every clinician has encountered altered menstrual pattern among women suffering from thyroid disorders. The aim of this study was to find the incidence of thyroid disorders in Dysfunctional uterine bleeding and its correlation with menstrual patterns.Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study including 75 cases with dysfunctional uterine bleeding attending the OPD of Nobel Medical College, where incidence of thyroid disorder was evaluated along with its correlation with menstrual patterns and histopathology.Results: The incidence of Gynecological OPD attendance due to abnormal uterine bleeding was 3%.and the incidence of thyroid dysfunction was 10.6% with hypothyroidism being the commonest. (9.3%). The commonest menstrual pattern found was menorrhagia/polymenorrhoea in 8 percent.Conclusion: Prevalence of hypothyroidism was more common in DUB. Thus every woman with menstrual irregularities should undergo thyroid assessment and this will ultimately avoid unnecessary intervention like misuse of hormonal treatment and hysterectomy.

scholarly journals DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daulat Meena ◽  
Ramavatar Bairwa
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Lipid Abnormalities

Background: Thyroid hormones have profound metabolic effects, the most striking action being an increase in energy expenditure. Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating lipid metabolism; and thyroid dysfunctions can result in lipid abnormalities which increase the risk of endothelial dysfunction, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results- The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: We conclude that, dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction in Women with Type 1, 2 Diabetes and Thyroid Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taif City, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Alshehri ◽  
Raghad Al Thobaiti ◽  
Athar Alqurashi ◽  
Nada Algethami ◽  
Khaled Alswat
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Women with diabetes mellitus or thyroid disorders are at risk of sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in women with diabetes and/or thyroid disorders and the impact of disease control on the ASEX score.Methods: A cross-sectional study for female patients who had a routine clinic visit were included. The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) was used to evaluate for FSD. Those with a total score of ≥ 19 or scored ≥ 5 on any item or ≥ 4 on three items were considered to have FSD.Results: A total of 253 female patients with a mean age of 39.1 ± 7.3 years were included. Two-thirds of the participants have no FSD. More than half (57.7%) of the participants had a strong desire for sex, and about 20% of the participants were unsatisfied with their orgasm. Compared to those with no FSD, those with FSD had lower BMI (P = 0.375), more likely to have a master’s degree or higher (P = 0.117), diabetes (P = 0.879), hypothyroidism (P = 0.625), diabetes-related microvascular and macrovascular complications (P = 0.049), higher HbA1c, fasting glucose, and TSH (P = 0.731, P = 0.161, and P = 0.561, respectively), lower total cholesterol and LDL (P = 0.368 and P = 0.339, respectively), and exercise more regularly (P = 0.929). Conclusion: One-third (32.5%) of the study participants had a FSD. Those with type 1 diabetes had the highest ASEX scores. We detected non-significant negative correlations between total ASEX score and both BMI and TSH, as well as a non-significant positive correlation between total ASEX score and both HbA1c and fasting glucose value.

Risk of Thyroid Disorders in Patients with Gout and Hyperuricemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (08) ◽  
pp. 522-530
Author(s):  
Jian Xu ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Qiuming Yao ◽  
Xi Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractThe risk of thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid dysfunction among patients with gout and hyperuricemia has not been well defined. This study was undertaken to examine the impact of gout and hyperuricemia on risk of thyroid disorders including thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid dysfunction. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the risk of thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid dysfunction related to gout and hyperuricemia, which included 115 gout patients, 439 hyperuricemic patients, and 2 254 individuals without gout and hyperuricemia. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 observational studies was also done to systematically evaluate the risk of thyroid dysfunction among patients with gout and hyperuricemia. Findings from the cross-sectional study suggested a significantly increased risk of hypothyroidism among female gout patients (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.15–5.17, p=0.02). Besides, gout could also substantially increase risk of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in women (OR=3.15, 95% CI 1.53–6.49, p=0.002). The meta-analysis proved a considerably increased risk of hypothyroidism among both gout patients (OR=1.51, 95% CI 1.23–1.85, p<0.001) and hyperuricemic patients (OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.11–1.61, p=0.002). Moreover, this meta-analysis also suggested that gout could also significantly increase the risk of hyperthyroidism (OR=1.25, 95% CI 1.06–1.48, p=0.01). The findings from the study suggest increasing risk of hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis among gout patients. Moreover, gout but not hyperuricemia is linked to increased risk of hyperthyroidism. More studies are warranted to elucidate the influence of gout and hyperuricemia on thyroid disorders.

scholarly journals Thyroid disorders in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: a tertiary hospital based cross sectional study from Puducherry, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1532
Author(s):  
Rini Ezhil ◽  
Nivedita K. ◽  
Fatima Shanthini N.
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

Background: The most common complaint with which women present for gynecological consultation is abnormal uterine bleeding which may be due to varied etiology. Among non-structural causes for AUB, endocrinological disorders like thyroid dysfunction is very common. Thyroid dysfunction is often overlooked, and unnecessary hormonal or surgical interventions are performed in patients with AUB.Methods: This is a hospital based cross sectional study carried out in Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry between January 2017 to June 2017 for a period of 6 months and the participants were 200 women attending gynecological OPD with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding. After obtaining a written informed consent from the participants a detailed history and complete examination including a thorough gynecological examination was performed. A transvaginal ultrasound examination to note for any structural causes for AUB was performed. Thyroid function test (FT3, FT4, TSH) was performed in all study participants and they were then categorized into euthyroid, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid, subclinical hypo or hyperthyroid based on the results. After preliminary preparation all participants were subjected for an endometrial biopsy in the outpatient department and the tissue obtained was sent for histopathological analysis. All the information was tabulated and analyzed using SPSS 22 version with descriptive and inferential statistics (chi square test). A p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common menstrual abnormality found in 85% of the study participants.77% had structural causes for AUB whereas 23% had non-structural causes. 79.5% of the patients with AUB were euthyroid whereas 20.5% had some form of thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction (15.5%) in this study followed by hypothyroidism (3.5%). Only 1.5% of patients had hyperthyroidism. In the present study no, significant association was found between any particular thyroid dysfunction and specific menstrual pattern or endometrial pattern in histopathology.Conclusions: Testing and treating for thyroid disorder would prove to be cost effective in patients with AUB particularly with nonstructural causes as it would avoid many costly interventions done for AUB.

scholarly journals PATTERN OF THYROID DISORDERS AMONG PATIENTS IN HAZARA DIVISION, PAKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Nasir Hussain Shah Kazmi ◽  
Saima Gillani ◽  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Haider Zaman ◽  
Shahzad Najeeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Minimum Age

Background: Thyroid disorders are a commonly encountered problem in hilly areas of Pakistan. The objectives of the study were to determine the frequency and distribution of thyroid disorders among patients presenting with suggestive signs & symptoms of thyroid disorders in Hazara Division, Pakistan. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics & Neonatology, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan from January, 2017 to January, 2018. Exclusion criteria was patients taking medicines such as Lithium and Cordarone. Sample size was 55 selected using consecutive sampling technique. Reference values were taken as follows; serum TSH=0.4-4.0 µIU/L, serum T3=100-200 ng/dL), serum T4=5-13.5 µgm/dL. Demographic variables were sex and age. Research variables were thyroid status (euthyroid/ hyperthyroid/ hypothyroid) and levels of thyroid function tests (TFT). Categorical variables such as sex and thyroid status were calculated by frequency and percentages whereas numeric variables such as age and TFT by Mean and SD. Descriptive statistics were calculated using SPSS Version 20. Results: Out of the total 55 patients, 11 patients were males and 44 patients were females. The minimum age was 20 years, maximum age was 90 years. Mean age was 43.24 years±15.118. Out of the total 55 patients, 14 (25.5%) were euthyroid, 30 patients (54.5%) were hyperthyroid and 11 (20%) patients were hypothyroid. Out of the 14 patients that were euthyroid, seven were males and seven were females. Out of the 30 hyperthyroid patients 26 were females and only 4 were males. All 11 hypothyroid were females. Conclusions: Hyperthyroidism is more common thyroid disorder in Hazara Division specially in adult females.

scholarly journals Thyroid Disorders and Prolactin Hormone and Their Association with Obesity in Infertile Women in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Suvana Maskey ◽  
Hima Rijal
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function Test ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women

Introduction Thyroid dysfunction has profound effects on menstrual function and female fertility. Hypothyroidism is often associated with increased prolactin level which again worsens the problem. This study was done to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disorders in infertile women attending infertility outpatient department (OPD) in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) and to determine the association of hypothyroidism and hyperprolactenemia with obesity which is not well studied in our population. MethodsA hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in infertility OPD of TUTH reviewing women’s records who underwent infertility workup and relevant history, clinical finding and results of investigations including thyroid function test (TFT) and serum prolactin (PRL) level were documented. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were used to identify the prevalence and associations of predictors and outcome variables. ResultsOut of 213 participants, the majority of the participants were obese (90; 42.3%) with mean (±SD) body mass index (BMI) being 24.8 ± 4.5 kg/m2. The prevalence of thyroid disorder was 18.4% including hypothyroidism 13.6% and hyperthyroidism 4.8%. There was no significant association of BMI and hyperprolactinemia with thyroid disorder as well as of BMI with hyperprolactinemia however the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) had significant positive correlation with prolactin (r=0.23, p<0.001). ConclusionThyroid disorders and hyperprolactinemia are commonly observed in infertile women, so they should be routinely screened during initial evaluation of infertility. As majority of the study population were obese, despite no significant association of BMI with thyroid disorder and hyperprolactinemia, the effect of weight gain on infertility cannot be overlooked.

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