scholarly journals Intergenerational Associations between Parents’ and Children’s Adverse Childhood Experience Scores

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Adam Schickedanz ◽  
José J. Escarce ◽  
Neal Halfon ◽  
Narayan Sastry ◽  
Paul J. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
P Value ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Intergenerational Links

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are stressful childhood events associated with behavioral, mental, and physical illness. Parent experiences of adversity may indicate a child’s adversity risk, but little evidence exists on intergenerational links between parents’ and children’s ACEs. This study examines these intergenerational ACE associations, as well as parent factors that mediate them. Methods: The Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) 2013 Main Interview and the linked PSID Childhood Retrospective Circumstances Study collected parent and child ACE information. Parent scores on the Aggravation in Parenting Scale, Parent Disagreement Scale, and the Kessler-6 Scale of Emotional Distress were linked through the PSID 1997, 2002, and 2014 PSID Childhood Development Supplements. Multivariate linear and multinomial logistic regression models estimated adjusted associations between parent and child ACE scores. Results: Among 2205 parent-child dyads, children of parents with four or more ACEs had 3.25-fold (23.1% [95% CI 15.9–30.4] versus 7.1% [4.4–9.8], p-value 0.001) higher risk of experiencing four or more ACEs themselves, compared to children of parents without ACEs. Parent aggravation, disagreement, and emotional distress were partial mediators. Conclusions: Parents with higher ACE scores are far more likely to have children with higher ACEs. Addressing parenting stress, aggravation, and discord may interrupt intergenerational adversity cycles.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and School-Based Victimization and Perpetration

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 662-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Forster ◽  
Amy L. Gower ◽  
Barbara J. McMorris ◽  
Iris W. Borowsky
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
School Violence ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
School Based ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Retrospective studies using adult self-report data have demonstrated that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase risk of violence perpetration and victimization. However, research examining the associations between adolescent reports of ACE and school violence involvement is sparse. The present study examines the relationship between adolescent reported ACE and multiple types of on-campus violence (bringing a weapon to campus, being threatened with a weapon, bullying, fighting, vandalism) for boys and girls as well as the risk of membership in victim, perpetrator, and victim–perpetrator groups. The analytic sample was comprised of ninth graders who participated in the 2013 Minnesota Student Survey ( n ~ 37,000). Multinomial logistic regression models calculated the risk of membership for victim only, perpetrator only, and victim–perpetrator subgroups, relative to no violence involvement, for students with ACE as compared with those with no ACE. Separate logistic regression models assessed the association between cumulative ACE and school-based violence, adjusting for age, ethnicity, family structure, poverty status, internalizing symptoms, and school district size. Nearly 30% of students were exposed to at least one ACE. Students with ACE represent 19% of no violence, 38% of victim only, 40% of perpetrator only, and 63% of victim–perpetrator groups. There was a strong, graded relationship between ACE and the probability of school-based victimization: physical bullying for boys but not girls, being threatened with a weapon, and theft or property destruction ( ps < .001) and perpetration: bullying and bringing a weapon to campus ( ps < .001), with boys especially vulnerable to the negative effects of cumulative ACE. We recommend that schools systematically screen for ACE, particularly among younger adolescents involved in victimization and perpetration, and develop the infrastructure to increase access to trauma-informed intervention services. Future research priorities and implications are discussed.

The Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Gender on Developmental Trajectories of Internalizing and Externalizing Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872198905
Author(s):  
Lindsay Leban
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Developmental Responses ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are linked to problematic outcomes, but it remains unclear how ACEs affect developmental patterns of harmful behavior, and whether this varies by gender. This study examined these relationships among 868 youth participating in the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. Group-based trajectory models identified five trajectories of internalizing and six trajectories of externalizing outcomes. Multinomial logistic regression models examined the relationships between ACEs, gender, and the interaction between the two on trajectory group membership. Higher ACEs were associated with elevated internalizing and externalizing trajectories, and boys who experienced higher ACEs were at a heightened risk of exhibiting elevated externalizing trajectories. Findings shed light on the importance of gender in developmental responses to victimization and adversity.

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 398-405
Author(s):  
Takuma Ofuchi ◽  
Aye Myat Myat Zaw ◽  
Bang-on Thepthien
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Score Range

Currently, e-cigarettes are the most popular tobacco product among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and dual use in a sample of adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand. The sample comprises 6167 students from 48 schools (grades 9, 11, and vocational year 2) who participated in the 2019 round of the Behavior Surveillance Survey. History of 11 ACEs was used to calculate a cumulative ACE score (range 0-11). Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between history of ACEs and smoking. In the sample, 7.0% reported using e-cigarettes only and 9.5% used e-cigarettes and cigarettes (dual use). After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, history of ACEs was associated with increased odds of dual use. The odds of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was significantly greater if the adolescent had a history of ≥4 ACEs. Special attention is needed to prevent smoking of different types among those with a history of ACEs.

Leaving Home for College and Gaining Independence

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 981-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara H Mulder ◽  
William A V Clark
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Event History ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
Parental Income ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Returning Home ◽  
The Usa

As more and more young US adults attend college it has become an increasingly important filter in the process of becoming an independent household. Now for a large number of young adults living in the USA, living away at college is a first step in the process of gaining residential and economic independence. We analyze leaving home to go to college, the choice between returning home and becoming independent after living away at college, and the influence of experience with living away at college on becoming an independent household. We use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and multilevel event-history and logistic-regression models to show that the likelihood of leaving home for college is positively affected by the father's education and the parental income. Unlike in previous research, we find evidence for the ‘feathered-nest’ hypothesis, in that the likelihood of returning home increases with parental income.

scholarly journals Adverse childhood experiences and asthma: trajectories in a national cohort

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-553
Author(s):  
Kathrine Pape ◽  
Whitney Cowell ◽  
Camilla Sandal Sejbaek ◽  
Niklas Worm Andersson ◽  
Cecilie Svanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Asthma Phenotypes ◽  
Adverse Childhood

ObjectiveResearch has linked early adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with asthma development; however, existing studies have generally relied on parent report of exposure and outcome. We aimed to examine the association of early life ACEs with empirically determined trajectories of childhood asthma risk, using independent register information on both exposures and outcome.MethodsBased on nationwide registries, we established a study cohort of 466 556 children born in Denmark (1997–2004). We obtained information on ACEs during the first 2 years of life (bereavement, parental chronic somatic and/or mental illness) and childhood asthma diagnosis or medication use from birth through age 10 years from the Danish National Patient and Prescription Registries, respectively. We identified asthma phenotypes using group-based trajectory modelling. We then used multinomial logistic regression to examine the association between early ACEs and asthma phenotypes.ResultsWe identified four asthma phenotypes: non-asthmatic, early-onset transient, early-onset persistent and late-onset asthma. Girls with early-onset transient asthma (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.24), early-onset persistent asthma (1.27, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.48) or late-onset asthma (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.48) vs no asthma were more likely to have early life ACE exposure compared with girls without ACE exposure. Results were similar for boys who also had experienced early life ACEs with ORs of 1.16 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.25), 1.34 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.51) and 1.11 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.25), respectively.ConclusionIn a nationwide-population study, we identified three childhood onset asthma phenotypes and found that ACEs early in life were associated with increased odds for each of these asthma phenotypes among both girls and boys.

scholarly journals Nursing Home Culture Change Practices and Survey Deficiencies: A National Longitudinal Panel Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1411-1423
Author(s):  
Michael J Lepore ◽  
Julie C Lima ◽  
Susan C Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Culture Change ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Practice Adoption ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Objectives Nursing home (NH) adoption of culture change practices has substantially increased in recent decades. We examined how increasing adoption of culture change practices affected the prevalence of health, severe health, and quality of life (QoL) deficiencies. Research Design and Methods Novel data on culture change practice adoption from a nationally representative NH panel (N = 1,585) surveyed in 2009/2010 and 2016/2017 were used to calculate change in practice adoption scores in 3 culture change domains (resident-centered care, staff empowerment, physical environment). These data were linked to data on health, severe health, and QoL deficiencies and facility-level covariates. Multinomial logistic regression models, with survey weights and inverse probability of treatment weighting, examined how increased culture change practice adoption related to change in deficiencies. Results We generally observed less increase in deficiencies when culture change practices increased. However, after weighting and controlling for baseline deficiencies and culture change scores, we found few statistically significant effects. Still, results show increased physical environment practices resulted in a higher likelihood of decreases or no change (vs increases) in QoL deficiencies; increased resident-centered care practices resulted in decreases or no change (vs increases) in health deficiencies; and increased staff empowerment practices resulted in a higher likelihood of no change (vs increases) in severe health deficiencies. Discussion and Implications This study provides some evidence that culture change practices can help reduce the risk of increasing some types of deficiencies, but the impact of increases in each culture change domain related differently to different types of deficiencies.

scholarly journals Protective Factors for Decreasing Nicotine, Alcohol, and Cannabis Use Among Adolescents with a History of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracie O. Afifi ◽  
Tamara Taillieu ◽  
Samantha Salmon ◽  
Ashley Stewart-Tufescu ◽  
Shannon Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Sport Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

AbstractAdolescents who have experienced adversity have an increased likelihood of using substances. This study examined if individual-, family-, school-, and community-level protective factors were associated with a decreased likelihood of substance use. Data from the Well-Being and Experiences Study (the WE Study) collected from 2017 to 2018 were used. The sample was adolescents aged 14 to 17 years (N = 1002) from Manitoba, Canada. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. The prevalence of past 30-day substance use was 20.5% among boys and 29.2% among girls. Substance use was greater among adolescent girls compared to boys. Protective factors associated with an increased likelihood of not using substances included knowing culture or language, being excited for the future, picturing the future, sleeping 8 to 10 h per night (unadjusted models only), participating in non-sport activity organized by the school, having a trusted adult in the family, frequent hugs from parent, parent saying “I love you” (unadjusted models only), eating dinner together every day, mother and father understanding adolescent’s worries and problems, being able to confide in mother and father, feeling close to other students at school, having a trusted adult at school, feeling a part of school, having a trusted adult in the community (unadjusted models only), volunteering once a week or more, and feeling motivated to help and improve one’s community. Knowledge of protective factors related to decreased odds of substance use may help inform strategies for preventing substance use and ways to foster resilience among adolescents.

Adverse childhood experiences and household food insecurity among children aged 0–5 years in the USA

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Baiden ◽  
Catherine A LaBrenz ◽  
Shawndaya Thrasher ◽  
Gladys Asiedua-Baiden ◽  
Boniface Harerimana
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Objective: Although studies have examined the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and health and mental health outcomes, few studies have investigated the association between ACE and household food insecurity among children aged 0–5 years in the USA. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between ACE and household food insecurity among children aged 0–5 years. Design: The data used in this study came from the 2016–2017 National Survey of Children’s Health. Data were analysed using multinomial logistic regression with household food insecurity as the outcome variable. Setting: United States. Participants: An analytic sample of 17 543 children aged 0–5 years (51·4% boys). Results: Of the 17 543 respondents, 83·7% experienced no childhood adversity. About one in twenty (4·8%) children experienced moderate-to-severe food insecurity. Controlling for other factors, children with one adverse childhood experience had 1·43 times the risk of mild food insecurity (95 % CI 1·25, 1·63) and 2·33 times the risk of moderate-to-severe food insecurity (95 % CI 1·84, 2·95). The risk of mild food insecurity among children with two or more ACE was 1·5 times higher (95 % CI 1·24, 1·81) and that of moderate-to-severe food insecurity was 3·96 times higher (95 % CI 3·01, 5·20), when compared with children with no childhood adversity. Conclusion: Given the critical period of development during the first few years of life, preventing ACE and food insecurity and early intervention in cases of adversity exposure is crucial to mitigate their negative impact on child development.

scholarly journals Life-Course Circumstances and Frailty in Old Age Within Different European Welfare Regimes: A Longitudinal Study With SHARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1326-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Wilhelmina Antonia Van Der Linden ◽  
Stefan Sieber ◽  
Boris Cheval ◽  
Dan Orsholits ◽  
Idris Guessous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Occupational Position ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to assess whether cumulative disadvantage in childhood misfortune and adult-life socioeconomic conditions influence the risk of frailty in old age and whether welfare regimes influence these associations. Method Data from 23,358 participants aged 50 years and older included in the longitudinal SHARE survey were used. Frailty was operationalized according to Fried’s phenotype as presenting either weakness, shrinking, exhaustion, slowness, or low activity. Confounder-adjusted mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to analyze associations of childhood misfortune and life-course socioeconomic conditions with frailty. Results Childhood misfortune and poor adult-life socioeconomic conditions increased the odds of (pre-)frailty at older age. With aging, differences narrowed between categories of adverse childhood experiences (driven by Scandinavian welfare regime) and adverse childhood health experiences (driven by Eastern European welfare regime), but increased between categories of occupational position (driven by Bismarckian welfare regime). Discussion These findings suggest that childhood misfortune is linked to frailty in old age. Such a disadvantaged start in life does not seem to be compensated by a person’s life-course socioeconomic trajectory, though certain types of welfare regimes affected this relationship. Apart from main occupational position, our findings do not support the cumulative dis/advantage theory, but rather show narrowing differences.

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