scholarly journals Normal Predicted Reference Values for Spirometry in Korean Children and Adolescents

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Jeong Hee Kim ◽  
Dae Hyun Lim
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Airway Obstructions ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Pulmonary function tests are useful to evaluate airway obstructions and bronchial responsiveness. We aimed to determine the reference values applicable to Korean children and adolescents. In total, 5590 (2607 males, 2983 females) healthy children aged 4 to 17 years old were recruited from three regions in Korea. Simple and multiple regression analyses were applied using age, height, and weight as variables to predict the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) and the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). There were significant correlations between the variables and parameters (P < 0.001). The coefficient of determination (R2) values of polynomial equations with two variables were lower than those with two variables but higher than those of monomial equations based on height. The prediction equations by height were obtained, and the R2 value of the FEV1 was the highest. The predicted spirometric values for males were higher than those for females except for the MMEF. The R2 values for the FEV1 and FVC were higher than previous studies except for the R2 value of the FVC for males in European data. This study provided updated regression equations of normal predicted values for spirometry applicable to Korean children and adolescents.

Chest Pain in Otherwise Healthy Children and Adolescents Is Frequently Caused by Exercise-Induced Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Lynn Wiens ◽  
Jay Portnoy ◽  
Richard Sabath ◽  
Lesley Ewing ◽  
R. Gowdamarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Normal Activity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Target Heart Rate ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Exercise Induced

Chest pain in children and adolescents, unlike in adults, is rarely of cardiac origin and its etiology is frequently unknown. In this age group, chest pain can limit normal activity and sports participation. The reported incidence of exercise-induced asthma in children with chest pain is less than 20%. For this study, 88 otherwise healthy children and adolescents with chest pain followed a treadmill protocol without a warm-up period designed to obtain a target heart rate of 180 or greater during the first several minutes of exercise. Patients maintained this workload for 6 to 8 minutes. Pulmonary function tests performed prior to exercise and at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes revealed a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second or peak expiratory flow rate of ≥15% in 64 (72.7%) children. Inhaled albuterol resulted in subjective improvement in 97% (35/36) and objective improvement in 70% (25/36) of patients. In otherwise healthy children and adolescents with chest pain, the incidence of exercise-induced asthma seems greater than previously reported. Treatment with chodilators may help these patients lead a more active life-style.

scholarly journals Maximum Expiratory Flow of Children and Adolescents Living at Moderate Altitudes: Proposed Reference Values

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Marco Cossio-Bolaños ◽  
Rubén Vidal-Espinoza ◽  
Luis Felipe Castelli Correia de Campos ◽  
Luis Urzua-Alul ◽  
José Damián Fuentes-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Maximum Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow

(1) Background: Spirometry is useful for diagnosing and monitoring many respiratory diseases. The objectives were: (a) compare maximum expiratory flow (MEF) values with those from international studies, (b) determine if MEF should be evaluated by chronological age and/or maturity, (c) develop reference norms for children, and adolescents. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed with 3900 subjects ages 6.0 and 17.9 years old. Weight, standing height, sitting height, and MEF were measured. Length of the lower limbs, body mass index (BMI), and age of peak height velocity growth (APHV) were calculated. (3) Results: Values for the curves (p50) for females of all ages from Spain and Italy were higher (92 to 382 (L/min)) than those for females from Arequipa (Peru). Curve values for males from Spain and Italy were greater [70 to 125 (L/min)] than the males studied. MEF values were similar to those of Chilean students ages 6 to 11. However, from 12 to 17 years old, values were lower in males (25 to 55 (L/min)) and in females (23.5 to 90 (L/min)). Correlations between chronological age and MEF in males were from (r = 0.68, R2 = 0.39) and in females from (r = 0.46, R2 = 0.21). Correlations between maturity (APHV) and MEF for males were from (r = 0.66, R2 = 0.44) and for females (r = 0.51, R2 = 0.26). Percentiles were calculated for chronological age and APHV. Conclusion: Differences occurred in MEF when compared with other geographical regions of the world. We determined that maturity may be a more effective indicator for analyzing MEF. Reference values were generated using chronological age and maturity.

Abstract 170: Re-evaluation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness by Z-score in Children and Adolescents After Kawasaki Disease

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Noto ◽  
Masataka Kato ◽  
Yuriko Abe ◽  
Hiroshi Kamiyama ◽  
Kensuke Karasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a reliable screening method for vascular alterations even in a pediatric cohort; however, reference values of CIMT established recently by LMS methods for childhood and adolescence are limited when comparing patients after Kawasaki disease (KD) and controls. We tested the hypothesis that there are significant differences between the values of CIMT expressed as absolute values and z-scores in children and adolescents after KD and controls. Methods: We reviewed 12 published articles regarding CIMT on patients after KD and controls. Absolute values (Ab) of the mean±1 SD of CIMT in patients after KD and controls were transformed to z-scores (Zs) using age-specific reference values established by Jourdan et al. (J: 247 Caucasian subjects aged 10-20 years) and our own data (O: 175 Asian subjects aged 6-20 years), and the results were compared between the two references. In this study, the mean age of the study population derived from each article was designated the representative age for transformation. Results: In either reference (J) or (O), there was no significant sex difference in CIMT at any given age. The mean CIMT of (Ab) and (Zs) transformed by (J) or (O) were significantly different between patients after KD and controls, at 41.6% (Ab), 66.6% (Zs) by (J), and 83.3% (Zs) by (O) among 12 articles, respectively. Therefore, patients after KD had significantly higher (Zs) by (O) than those of controls (0.66±0.71 vs. 0.03±0.68, p=0.006, respectively). Compared with reference values, the controls of (O) were within the normal range. However, there were no significant differences in (Zs) by (J) between the two groups (1.72±0.77 vs. 1.23±0.83, p=0.116, respectively). When we assessed 9 articles dealing with Asian subjects, the difference of (Zs) between the two groups remained significant only by (O) (p=0.015). In contrast, when we assessed 3 articles dealing with mainly Caucasian subjects, there was no significant difference in (Zs) between the two groups with both (J) and (O). Conclusions: These results indicate that age and race-specific reference values for CIMT are mandatory for performing an accurate assessment of the vascular status in healthy children and adolescents and particularly in those after KD.

Reference values for serum dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate in healthy children and adolescents with emphasis on the age of adrenarche and pubarche

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 712-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulay Guran ◽  
Irfan Firat ◽  
Feyza Yildiz ◽  
Ipek Kaplan Bulut ◽  
Mahmut Dogru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate

scholarly journals Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy Children and Adolescents: Reference Values for the Vicorder Device and Modifying Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1480-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Thurn ◽  
Anke Doyon ◽  
Betul Sözeri ◽  
Aysun K. Bayazit ◽  
Nur Canpolat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Modifying Factors

Reference values for leptin/adiponectin ratio in healthy children and adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrik Lausten-Thomsen ◽  
Morten Asp Vonsild Lund ◽  
Christine Frithioff-Bøjsøe ◽  
Paula Louise Hedley ◽  
Oluf Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Healthy Children

scholarly journals Pulmonary Function Changes Before and After Mitral Valve Surgery in Severe Mitral Stenosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 079-083
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Sahu ◽  
Mayank Yadav ◽  
Milind Padmakar Hote ◽  
Sarvesh Pal Singh ◽  
Shiv Kumar Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Mitral Valve Surgery ◽  
Valve Surgery ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Abstract Objective This study was undertaken to assess the pulmonary functions in the patients with predominant severe mitral stenosis before corrective mitral valve surgery, then to reassess the same 6 months after surgery and compare them. Patients and Methods Fifty consecutive patients with predominant severe mitral stenosis undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery were included in this prospective observational study. This study was conducted from July 2016 till January 2018 after obtaining approval from the institute's ethics committee and written consent from all the participants. All the patients were evaluated clinically and divided according to New York Heart Association (NYHA) class symptomatology. Computed spirometric pulmonary function tests (PFTs) such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 25–75%, peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) were performed on each patient 1 day before and 6 months after surgery. Results Fifty study patients were analyzed, mean age was 38.4 ± 10.76 years (15–56 years), and male-to-female ratio was 1:1.38 (21 males and 29 females). NYHA class symptoms improved significantly in most of our patients after surgery (p < 0.01). PFTs such as FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF 25–75%, and MVV showed significant improvement 6 months after surgery (p < 0.01). Though PEFR also improved compared with preoperative values, it was not significant statistically (p < 0.07). Conclusion This study showed that the lung functions are impaired in patients with severe mitral stenosis and improved significantly 6 months after surgery, which does not correlate well with the betterment of NYHA class.

Relative Sensitivity of Different Pulmonary Function Tests in the Evaluation of Exercise-Induced Asthma

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 56 (5s) ◽  
pp. 860-867
Author(s):  
Gerd J. A. Cropp ◽  
I. J. Schmultzler
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Small Airway Obstruction

Sixty asthmatic children were exercised on a bicycle ergometer and had pulmonary function tests performed before and repeatedly after exercise. Pulmonary function measurements included airway resistance (Raw), specific airway conductance (SGaw) functional residual capacity (FRC), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), forced expiratory volume during first second of expiration (FEV1), and forced vital capacity (FVC). At any one time during the post-exercise observation period decreases in SGaw were greater than changes in any other pulmonary function test, making SGaw the most sensitive test for the detection. of exercise-induced airway obstruction in asthmatics. Beyond five minutes after exercise PEFR and MMEF were reduced by exercise approximately equally, but somewhat less often and less markedly than SGaw. Exercise-induced reductions in FEV1 were less marked and less frequent than decreases in PEFR and MMEF, and reductions in FVC were the least severe and least often observed abnormality. Decreases in SGaw were significantly, but not linearly correlated with decreases in PEFR, MMEF, FEV1,, FVC, and FEV1/FVC. There were statistically significant linear correlations between exercise-induced increases in FRC and decreases in FVC and between increases in Raw and FRC. If we accept that increases in Raw and FRC indicate increases in large and small airway obstruction respectively, exercise-induced decreases in FVC may indirectly suggest acute hyperinflation and thus small airway obstruction. Although the positive correlation between Raw and FRC indicated that both large and small airway obstruction developed after exercise in many of our asthmatics, increases in Raw were usually greater than increases in FRC, suggesting that large airway obstruction tends to be greater than small airway obstruction in exercise-induced asthma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document