scholarly journals Reading between the (Genetic) Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2403
Author(s):  
Ammira-Sarah AL-Shabeeb Akil ◽  
Laila F. Jerman ◽  
Esraa Yassin ◽  
Sujitha S. Padmajeya ◽  
Alya Al-Kurbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Autoimmune Condition ◽  
Glucose Fluctuations ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Insulin Replacement

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune cells destroy their insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells leading to dysregulated glycaemia. Individuals with T1D control their blood glucose through exogenous insulin replacement therapy, often using multiple daily injections or pumps. However, failure to accurately mimic intrinsic glucose regulation results in glucose fluctuations and long-term complications impacting key organs such as the heart, kidneys, and/or the eyes. It is well established that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the initiation and progression of T1D, but recent studies show that epigenetic modifications are also important. Here, we discuss key epigenetic modifications associated with T1D pathogenesis and discuss how recent research is finding ways to harness epigenetic mechanisms to prevent, reverse, or manage T1D.

scholarly journals Reading between the Genetic Lines: How Epigenetics is Unlocking Novel Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammira Akil ◽  
Laila Ali ◽  
Esraa Yassin ◽  
Khalid A. Fakhro ◽  
Sujitha Jeya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autoimmune Condition ◽  
Glucose Fluctuations ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune cells destroy their insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells leading to dysregulated glycaemia. Individuals with T1D control their blood glucose through exogenous insulin replacement therapy, often using multiple daily injections or pumps. However, failure to accurately mimic intrinsic glucose regulation results in glucose fluctuations and long-term complications impacting key organs such as the heart, kidneys, and/or the eyes. It is well-established that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the initiation and progression of type 1 diabetes, but recent studies show that epigenetic modifications are also important. Here, we discuss key epigenetic modifications associated with type 1 diabetes pathogenesis and discuss how recent research is finding ways to harness epigenetic mechanisms to prevent, reverse, or manage type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals The Interplay Between Diet and the Epigenome in the Pathogenesis of Type-1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Kohil ◽  
Maha Al-Asmakh ◽  
Mashael Al-Shafai ◽  
Annalisa Terranegra
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Shed Light

The autoimmune disease, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), results in the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, and the International Diabetes Federation reports that its incidence is increasing worldwide. T1DM is a complex disease due to the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Certain dietary patterns and nutrients are known to cause epigenetic modifications in physiological conditions and diseases. However, the interplay between diet and epigenetics is not yet well-understood in the context of T1DM. Several studies have described epigenetic mechanisms involved in the autoimmune reactions that destroy the β-cells, but few explored diet components as potential triggers for epigenetic modifications. Clarifying the link between diet and epigenome can provide new insights into the pathogenesis of T1DM, potentially leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. In this mini review, we shed light on the influence of the diet-epigenome axis on the pathophysiology of T1DM.

Evaluation of gastric emptying and neuropathy in short- and long-term type-1 diabetes

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Várkonyi ◽  
É Börcsök ◽  
R Takács ◽  
R Róka ◽  
C Lengyel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Term Type

Short and long-term glycemic variability associated with severe hypoglycemia and retinopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Borja Sanz ◽  
Gimeno Sergio Roman ◽  
Peteiro Miranda Carlos Miguel ◽  
Ortez Toro Jose Jorge ◽  
Ana Agudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Long-Term Pharmacologic Doses of Vitamin E Only Moderately Affect the Erythrocytes of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2001 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 1723-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Manuel y Keenoy ◽  
Honglei Shen ◽  
Wendy Engelen ◽  
Jan Vertommen ◽  
Guido Van Dessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Heterogeneous Long‐Term Trajectories of Glycaemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel G. Miller ◽  
Trevor J. Orchard ◽  
Suna Onengut‐Gumuscu ◽  
Wei‐Min Chen ◽  
Stephen S. Rich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glycaemic Control
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