scholarly journals Revisiting the Regenerative Therapeutic Advances Towards Erectile Dysfunction

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Ming-Che Liu ◽  
Meng-Lin Chang ◽  
Ya-Chun Wang ◽  
Wei-Hung Chen ◽  
Chien-Chih Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is an inability to attain or maintain adequate penile erection for successful vaginal intercourse, leading to sexual and relationship dissatisfaction. To combat ED, various surgical and non-surgical approaches have been developed in the past to restore erectile functions. These therapeutic interventions exhibit significant impact in providing relief to patients; however, due to their associated adverse effects and lack of long-term efficacy, newer modalities such as regenerative therapeutics have gained attention due to their safe and prolonged efficacy. Stem cells and platelet-derived biomaterials contained in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are thriving as some of the major therapeutic regenerative agents. In recent years, various preclinical and clinical studies have evaluated the individual, as well as combined of stem cells and PRP to restore erectile function. Being rich in growth factors, chemokines, and angiogenic factors, both stem cells and PRP play a crucial role in regenerating nerve cells, myelination of axons, homing and migration of progenitor cells, and anti-fibrosis and anti-apoptosis of damaged cavernous nerve in corporal tissues. Further, platelet-derived biomaterials have been proven to be a biological supplement for enhancing the proliferative and differentiation potential of stem cells towards neurogenic fate. Therefore, this article comprehensively analyzes the progresses of these regenerative therapies for ED.

scholarly journals Reviewing the evidence for shockwave- and cell-based regenerative therapies in the treatment of erectile dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175628722110020
Author(s):  
Robert Drury ◽  
Caleb Natale ◽  
Wayne J. G. Hellstrom
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Shockwave Therapy ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is both a common and complex disease process. Existing ED treatments do not always achieve adequate results. There is clinical interest in employing regenerative therapies, including low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (Li-ESWT), platelet rich plasma (PRP), and stem cell therapy (SCT), in the treatment of ED as adjunct or alternative treatments. Here, we present evidence for emerging shockwave- and cell-based regenerative therapies for the treatment of ED following a thorough review of the existing PubMed literature pertaining to Li-ESWT, PRP, and SCT in relation to the treatment of ED. Li-ESWT causes microtrauma in tissue that hypothetically upregulates angiogenesis and recruits stem cells. Several large-scale systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported that Li-ESWT improved ED in humans. Additionally, evidence has commenced to show that Li-ESWT may be effective against two recognized and complex etiologies of ED: diabetic and neurogenic. PRP delivers an autologous sample rich in growth factors to damaged tissue. Animal model studies have demonstrated improved erectile function recovery as well as preservation of cavernous nerve axons. Studies with PRP in humans are limited. SCT utilizes the regenerative potential of stem cells for healing of damaged tissue. In the treatment of ED, SCT has been used in the setting of diabetic and post-prostatectomy ED. Results of human studies are varied, although SCT treatments did result in increased erectile rigidity with some patients recovering the ability to achieve penetration. While these regenerative therapies show potential to augment the current treatment regimen for ED, there is a paucity of evidence to support the safety and efficacy of these treatments. Further research is necessary to define the role of these alternative therapies in the treatment of ED.

scholarly journals What is the clinical applicability of regenerative therapies in dentistry?

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Tarquinio DEMARCO ◽  
Laura Borges KIRSCHNICK ◽  
Luis Bayardo WATSON ◽  
Marcus Cristian MUNIZ CONDE ◽  
Flávio Fernando DEMARCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

ABSTRACT Regenerative therapies have been widely developed in dentistry and it is important to incorporate dentists’ knowledge of these new therapies into the dental clinic routine. This study reviewed the literature on regenerative therapies and clinical applications. Tissue engineering has contributed to changes in the paradigm of restorative health sciences. Its pillars underpin the techniques of tissue and organ regeneration. Despite the majority of studies in this field being in vitro, a range of preclinical studies and methodologies has been formed using these principles and they are already being used on humans. The use of platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich fibrin in surgery as natural scaffolds for the reestablishment of bone and periodontal tissue are often reported in the literature and clinical trials using this approach have shown promising results. Stem cells from autologous dental pulp have been successfully applied in bone tissue regeneration using natural collagen scaffold in humans. In addition, revascularization of the root canal already appears in the literature as a promising alternative to apexification. The principle behind this therapy is the use of the blood clot as a scaffold and the migration of stem cells of the apical papilla to regenerate the dental pulp organ. Final considerations: Although still in the early stages, regenerative therapies can now be used in dental practice. Knowledge of the principles governing these therapies should be understood by the dentist for use in clinical practice.

Migration of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells is Stimulated by Low Shear Stress via MAPK Signaling

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Yuan ◽  
Naoya Sakamoto ◽  
Guanbin Song ◽  
Masaaki Sato
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Low Shear Stress ◽  
Multipotent Differentiation ◽  
And Migration

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent as multipotent stem cells which hold the abilities of self-renewal and give rise to cells of diverse lineages [1]. With their remarkable combination of multipotent differentiation potential and low immunogenicity, MSCs are considered to be an attractive candidate for cell-based tissue repair and regenerative tissue engineering [2, 3]. Increasing number of studies has demonstrated that mobilization and migration of injected MSCs to the damaged tissues is a key step for these cells to participate in disease treatment and tissue regeneration [4, 5].

Tendon Stem Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma for Repair of Injured Tendons

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Tendon Injuries ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Tendon Stem Cells ◽  
Differential Properties

Tendon injuries, including acute tendon injuries and tendinopathy, are common in both occupational and athletic settings. However, current treatments for tendon injury are largely ineffective, as they cannot restore normal structure and function to injured tendons. This challenge mainly stems from our incomplete understanding of tendon cell properties and responses to biomechanical and biochemical environments surrounding the cells. In recent years, however, significant progress has been made on two fronts. First, tendon stem cells (TSCs) have been recently identified. The tendon-specific stem cells can self-renew and posses multi-differentiation potential and as such, may be used to repair injured tendons more effectively. Second, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has now been widely used in orthopaedics and sports medicine to treat injured tendons. In this presentation, I will present data on TSCs, in terms of their differential properties with respect to tenocytes and their differential mechano-responses when subjected to small and large mechanical loading conditions. I will also discuss the basic scientific studies on PRP regarding its effects on TSCs, particularly on their differentiation, which is a critical issue related to the safety and efficacy of PRP treatment in clinics (Fig. 1).

One health in regenerative medicine: report on the second Havemeyer symposium on regenerative medicine in horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775-1787
Author(s):  
Lisa Ann Fortier ◽  
Laurie Ruth Goodrich ◽  
Iris Ribitsch ◽  
Lauren Virginia Schnabel ◽  
David Owen Shepard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
Tenogenic Differentiation ◽  
Autologous Conditioned Serum ◽  
Regenerative Medicines ◽  
Regenerative Therapies

Regenerative medicine is commonly used in human and equine athletes. Potential therapies include culture expanded stem cells, stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow concentrate, or autologous conditioned serum. The purpose of this manuscript is to disseminate findings from a workshop on the development of translational regenerative medicine in the equine field. Five themes emerged: stem cell characterization and tenogenic differentiation; interactions between mesenchymal stem cells, other cells and the environment; scaffolds and cell packaging; blood- and bone marrow-based regenerative medicines; clinical use of regenerative therapies. Evidence gained through the use of regenerative medicine applications in the horse should continue to translate to the human patient, bringing novel regenerative therapies to both humans and horses.

Imaging techniques for sacroiliac joint injections

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Weisbein
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Sacroiliac Joint ◽  
Image Guidance ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Computed Tomography Fluoroscopy ◽  
Regenerative Therapies ◽  
Joint Injections

Injections into the sacroiliac joint for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes have become commonplace. There have been advances in the use of regenerative therapies other than prolotherapy, such as platelet-rich plasma and stem cells. Prior to the introduction of image-guided techniques, blind injections were performed. However, data have consistently shown that without image guidance, injections failed to be accurately placed within the joint. Therefore, the use of image guidance, whether by computed tomography, fluoroscopy, or ultrasound, is imperative to ensure accurate placement of the injectate. This chapter discusses these three types of imaging techniques for sacroiliac joint injections.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: stimulatory effects on proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 308 (7) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita Stessuk ◽  
Maria Beatriz Puzzi ◽  
Elinton Adami Chaim ◽  
Paulo César Martins Alves ◽  
Erich Vinicius de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

scholarly journals Cell Adhesion and Long-Term Survival of Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Prerequisite for Cell Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seahyoung Lee ◽  
Eunhyun Choi ◽  
Min-Ji Cha ◽  
Ki-Chul Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

The literature provides abundant evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive resource for therapeutics and have beneficial effects in regenerating injured tissues due to their self-renewal ability and broad differentiation potential. Although the therapeutic potential of MSCs has been proven in both preclinical and clinical studies, several questions have not yet been addressed. A major limitation to the use of MSCs in clinical applications is their poor viability at the site of injury due to the harsh microenvironment and to anoikis driven by the loss of cell adhesion. To improve the survival of the transplanted MSCs, strategies to regulate apoptotic signaling and enhance cell adhesion have been developed, such as pretreatment with cytokines, growth factors, and antiapoptotic molecules, genetic modifications, and hypoxic preconditioning. More appropriate animal models and a greater understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs will be required for their successful clinical application. Nevertheless, the development of stem cell therapies using MSCs has the potential to treat degenerative diseases. This review discusses various approaches to improving MSC survival by inhibiting anoikis.

scholarly journals Regulation of the differentiation and behaviour of extra-embryonic endodermal cells by basement membranes

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Murray ◽  
D. Edgar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Embryoid Bodies ◽  
Endodermal Differentiation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Endodermal Cells

Both the extracellular matrix and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) have been implicated in the differentiation and migration of extra-embryonic endodermal cells in the pre-implantation mammalian blastocyst. In order to define the individual roles and interactions between these factors in endodermal differentiation, we have used embryoid bodies derived from Lamc1(-/-) embryonic stem cells that lack basement membranes. The results show that in the absence of basement membranes, increased numbers of both visceral and parietal endodermal cells differentiate, but they fail to form organised epithelia. Furthermore, although parietal endodermal cells only migrate away from control embryoid bodies in the presence of PTHrP, they readily migrate from Lamc1(-/-) embryoid bodies in the absence of PTHrP, and this migration is unaffected by PTHrP. Thus, the basement membrane between epiblast and extra-embryonic endoderm is required for the proper organisation of visceral and parietal endodermal cells and also restricts their differentiation to maintain the population of primitive endodermal stem cells. Moreover, this basement membrane inhibits migration of parietal endodermal cells, the role of PTHrP being to stimulate delamination of parietal endodermal cells from the basement membrane rather than promoting migration per se.

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