scholarly journals Cannabidiol Regulates the Expression of Keratinocyte Proteins Involved in the Inflammation Process through Transcriptional Regulation

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jastrząb ◽  
Gęgotek ◽  
Skrzydlewska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Transcription Activity ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Nrf2 Activation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Nfκb Pathway

Cannabidiol (CBD), a natural phytocannabinoid without psychoactive effect, is a well-known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compound. The possibility of its use in cytoprotection of cells from harmful factors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, is an area of ongoing investigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CBD on the regulatory mechanisms associated with the redox balance and inflammation in keratinocytes irradiated with UVA [30 J/cm2] and UVB [60 mJ/cm2]. Spectrophotometric results show that CBD significantly enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and thioredoxin reductase in UV irradiated keratinocytes. Furthermore, despite decreased glutathione peroxidase and reductase activities, CBD prevents lipid peroxidation, which was observed as a decreased level of 4-HNE and 15d-PGJ2 (measured using GC/MS and LC/MS). Moreover, Western blot analysis of protein levels shows that, under stress conditions, CBD influences interactions of transcription factors Nrf2- NFκB by inhibiting the NFκB pathway, increasing the expression of Nrf2 activators and stimulating the transcription activity of Nrf2. In conclusion, the antioxidant activity of CBD through Nrf2 activation as well as its anti-inflammatory properties as an inhibitor of NFκB should be considered during design of new protective treatments for the skin.

Antioxidant Activity In vivo and Ex Vivo of Tautomeric Pair of Polyprenylated Benzophenone - Garcinielliptone FC (Platonia insignis Mart Seeds)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-293
Author(s):  
George Laylson da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Maria das Dores Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Maria da Conceição Oliveira Prado ◽  
Alexandre de Barros Falcão Ferraz ◽  
José Carlos Correia Lima da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Iron Citrate

Background: Garcinielliptone FC corresponds to a polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol having a benzophenonic core (diphenylmethanone) substituted with isoprenyl(s) group(s) (3-methyl-2-butenyl) and 2-isopropenyl-hex-5-enyl. Objective: The present work evaluated the antioxidant activity of garcinielliptone FC (GFC) in vitro against non-biological radicals [2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and 2,2'-azinobis-3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+)] and ex vivo against oxidative damage induced by AAPH (2,2'-azobis-2-methylpropionamidine dihydrochloride) and iron/citrate ion in erythrocytes and mitochondria, respectively. Methods: In addition to the protective effect, the main biochemical indexes of oxidative stress, such as lipid peroxidation through the formation of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Results: According to the results obtained in erythrocytes, the antioxidant results at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 1.5 and 3.0 mM were 26.34 ± 0.68, 43.39 ± 2.17, 62.27 ± 2.17, 86.69 ± 0.47 and 92.89 ± 0.45%, respectively, where GFC reduced the rate of oxidative hemolysis when compared to AAPH (p<0.05). The antioxidant activity observed in erythrocytes was also seen in mitochondria in which GFC reduced mitochondrial swelling by increasing the absorbance when compared to iron/citrate ion complex (p<0.05). In both biological models, GFC had an antioxidant effect on erythrocyte and mitochondrial redox balance when analyzing oxidative stress biomarkers, such as reduction of lipid peroxidation and inhibition of depletion in the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH levels. Conclusion: In conclusion, GFC had in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity against oxidative damage induced in erythrocytes and mitochondria acting on the erythrocytic and mitochondrial redox balance.

In Vitro Antioxidant and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ophioglossum thermale

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 279-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Qiong Zhang ◽  
Jin-Hwa Kim ◽  
Geun-Soo Lee ◽  
Hyeong-Bae Pyo ◽  
Eun-Young Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Antioxidant fractions from Ophioglossum thermale were extracted with five different polar solvents using a Soxhlet type extractor. The total phenolic content of the extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The ethyl acetate fraction of O. thermale was found to contain maximum phenolics. The dried fractions were screened for their antioxidant activity potential using in vitro model systems such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and lipid-peroxidation reduction at different concentrations. Results revealed that the EtOAc fraction exhibited the best performance in the DPPH assay, NBT assay and lipid peroxidation. All fractions showed more potent antioxidant capacity than green tea extract, a well-known antioxidant. Furthermore, the EtOAc fraction has the highest total phenolic content (475.65 mg of EGCG/g). In addition, the EtOAc fraction at 0.005% and 0.01% (g/100 ml) also significantly inhibited UVB irradiation-induced ROS generation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). In a carrageenan-induced edema model, the EtOAc fraction showed an inhibitory effect (21.5%, p < 0.05) at 200 mg/kg (p.o.) after 300 min administration. Consequently, 3-O-methylquercetin (3MQ) was also isolated from the antioxidative EtOAc fraction. The data obtained using the above in vitro and in vivo tests suggest that the antioxidant activity of O. thermale and its anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced acute inflammation can be attributed to its ameliorating effect on oxidative damage, and thus it has great potential as a source for natural health products. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antioxidant activity of different polar extracts from O. thermale.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Extracts from Ampelocissus africana (Lour) Merr (Vitaceae) Rhizomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
W. Leila Marie Esther Belem- Kabré ◽  
Noufou Ouédraogo ◽  
Adjaratou Compaoré- Coulibaly ◽  
Mariam Nebié- Traoré ◽  
Tata K. Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 1

Aims: To determine the phytochemical composition and evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of methanolic and aqueous extracts from Ampelocissus africana (Lour) Merr rhizomes. Study Design: Phytochemical content and screening, in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Traditional Pharmacopoeia and Pharmacy (MEPHATRA / PH) of the Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSS) and Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Chemistry (LABIOCA), University Joseph KI-ZERBO in Ouagadougou between April and August 2020. Methodology: The antioxidant activity of both extracts of the plant was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS+ radical cation decolorization, ferric ion reduction and lipid peroxidation inhibition in rat liver assays. The anti-inflammatory activities in vitro were measured on the ability of the extract to inhibit the activity of enzymes such as 15-lipoxygenase, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2). Results: This study revealed that the total phenolic contents of the extracts varied from 471.79 ± 1.71 mg GAE/g to 173.88 ± 1.71 mg GAE/g for methanolic and aqueous extract respectively. The extracts were also rich in flavonoids and tannins. The methanolic extract possessed better antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 2.32 ± 0.18 µg/ml for the ABTS, 1.71 ± 0.05 µg/mL for the DPPH, a reducing power agent of 87.44 ± 0.5 mmol AAE /100 g and a percentage inhibition of lipid peroxidation of 52.21%. The methanolic and aqueous extract of A. africana has an inhibitory action on activity of lipoxygenase with IC50 values of 26.09 ± 1.83 μg/mL to 34.32 ± 1.60 μg/mL, respectively. The methanolic extract caused COX-1 inhibition of 36.07%, COX-2 inhibition of 38.31% and PLA2 inhibition of 26.9%. Conclusion: These results showed that the methanolic and aqueous extract from the rhizomes of Ampelocissus africana possessed antioxidant power, inhibitor effect against proinflammatory enzymes.

scholarly journals Effect of bromfenac on free radical oxidation in model systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
E F Galimova ◽  
Z G Khaibullina ◽  
D A Enikeev ◽  
Yu L Bortsova ◽  
K S Mochalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Aim. The study of free radical oxidation processes in an experiment on model systems using the anti-inflammatory drug bromfenac (nakwan) widely used in ophthalmology for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the anterior chamber of the eye. Methods. The antioxidant capacity of the drug was evaluated by chemiluminescence registration and analysis of model systems that generate reactive oxygen species and reproduce lipid peroxidation processes using the chemiluminomer CL-003. The following parameters of spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence were determined: light sum and maximum luminescence amplitude, duration of latent period, amplitude of fast and slow flash. Results. When tested in vitro in two different model systems, a high antioxidant activity of the studied drug was established, up to complete suppression of chemiluminescence when 90 μg of bromfenac was added to the incubation medium, which characterizes the inhibition of the generation of reactive oxygen species. A significant increase in total antioxidant activity with bromfenac was also demonstrated, which is reflected by the integral parameter of chemiluminescence — light sum which decreased with the introduction of 10 μg of the drug by 1.2 times, and with 90 μg by 1.5 times. A comparative analysis of the antioxidant properties of various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in ophthalmic practice demonstrated a more pronounced efficacy of bromfenac compared to ketorolac, the use of which was not accompanied by statistically significant changes in chemiluminescence. A very important mechanism of the positive effect of bromfenac is the direct dependence of the action on its quantity in the reaction medium, which opens up prospects for the controlled correction of free radical phenomena and the excessive activation of lipid peroxidation in the imbalance of the pro- and antioxidant processes in biological systems. Conclusion. It is suggested that the protective effects of the drug in various infectious-inflammatory lesions of the eye can be determined, along with previously known properties, its antioxidant activity, restriction of increased production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress phenomena.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Its Consequences in the Blood of Rats Irradiated with UV: Protective Effect of Cannabidiol

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Michał Biernacki ◽  
Małgorzata Michalina Brzóska ◽  
Agnieszka Markowska ◽  
Małgorzata Gałażyn-Sidorczuk ◽  
Bogdan Cylwik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

UVA/UVB radiation disturbs the redox balance of skin cells, and metabolic consequences can be transferred into the blood and internal tissues, especially after chronic skin exposure to UV radiation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytocannabinoid, on oxidative stress and its consequences in the blood of nude rats whose skin was exposed to UVA/UVB radiation for 4 weeks. It was shown that CBD penetrated the blood and in UVB-irradiated rats was preferentially located in the membranes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, which promoted reduction of ROS generation and up-regulation of antioxidant ability by increasing the activity of glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase, while the level of reduced glutathione decreased by UV radiation. Consequently, reduction in UV-induced lipid peroxidation, assessed as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 8-isoprostane (8-isoPGF2α) as well as protein modifications, estimated as 4-HNE-protein adducts and protein carbonyl groups, was observed. CBD, by countering the UV-induced down-regulation of 2-arachidonylglycerol, promoted its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects by reducing CB1 and increasing PPARγ receptor activation and consequently ROS and TNF-α down-regulation. The results suggest that CBD applied topically to the skin minimizes redox changes not only at the skin level, but also at the systemic level.

The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of pigmented rice consumption in an obese cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 8016-8025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther T. Callcott ◽  
Christopher L. Blanchard ◽  
Peter Snell ◽  
Abishek B. Santhakumar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Acute consumption of coloured rice increased antioxidant activity & reduced inflammation & lipid peroxidation biomarkers in an obese cohort.

scholarly journals Effect of Disease Modifying Agent on Oxidant and Antioxidant Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Ramprasad Kowsalya ◽  
Ashok Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic disease and a leading cause of disability in people with advancing age. Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs have become the mainstay of management in rheumatoid arthritis. Among these drugs, methotrexate the most frequently used agent has a proven anti-inflammatory action and is known to slow down the progression of the disease. Hence the present study is undertaken to evaluate the effect of methotrexate on the oxidant and antioxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on methotrexate.Methods: A total of 40 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 40 controls were enrolled for the study. The rheumatoid arthritis patients were further divided into patients on methotrexate (group I) and patients without methotrexate (group II). The lipid peroxidation index -Malondialdehyde and total antioxidant activity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels were analyzed in all the participants.Results: A significant increase in total antioxidant activity (p = 0.048) and decrease in lipid peroxidation (p = 0.04) was found in methotrexate treated arthritis patients compared to patients without methotrexate. A significant negative correlation (p=0.01) was found between MDA and total antioxidant activity in both groups of patients whereas, the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was positively correlated with lipid peroxide levels. Conclusion: In conclusion low dose methotrexate seems to act as an effective anti-inflammatory drug and may also play an important role in minimizing the oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis. Serum total antioxidant activity is significantly raised in subjects with altered liver function profile.

Cyclooxygenase Enzyme and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory Terpenoids and Steroidal compounds as Major Constituents in Cleome viscosa Leaves

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amila Abishake Dissanayake ◽  
Kambou Georges ◽  
Muraleedharan G. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 1 ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Bioassay guided study of Cleome viscosa Linn. (Cleomaceae) leaves led to the isolation of a new cembrenoid diterpene (1) and three known compounds (2-4) from the hexane extract. The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as NMR (1D and 2D), HRMS and IR and identified and afforded compound 1, malabaric acid (2), stigmast-4-en-3-one (3) and stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (4). This is the first report of compounds 1 and 2 from C. viscosa Linn. Isolates were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-1 and -2) inhibitory assays. The novel cembrenoid diterpene (1) exhibited IC50 values of 8.4 μM for COX-1 enzyme and 45.2 μM for COX-2 enzyme, respectively. Similarly, malabaric acid (2) exhibited IC50 values of 11.5 μM for COX-1 enzyme and 46.9 μM for COX-2 enzyme, respectively. Their inhibitory activities were in par with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen. Sterols 3 and 4 gave IC50 values of 62.6 and 67.9 μM, respectively for COX-1 enzyme while indicating weak COX-2 enzyme inhibition. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory (LPO) and MTT assays were used to determine antioxidant activity of these compounds. Compounds 1-4 showed LPO inhibition with IC50 values between 82 and 100 µM and moderate antioxidant activity in the MTT assay. Biological activities reported for these compounds are for the first time and it support anecdotal medicinal claims of C. viscosa Linn. leaves.

Trace Elements, Antioxidants, Uric Acid, C-Reactive Proteins and Estrogen Levels of Preeclamptic Pregnant Women in Owerri, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C. N. Nwadike ◽  
A. A. Eze ◽  
C. I. Nosiri ◽  
A. S. Ezekwe ◽  
M. T. Anyagwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Function ◽  
Serum Trace Elements

Aims: The present study investigated levels of trace elements, antioxidants, uric acid, C-reactive proteins and estrogen in preeclamptic pregnant women in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria using patients from Federal Medical Centre (FMC) and specialists Hospital in Owerri, Nigeria. Study Design: A total of 350 pregnant women between the ages of 20-40 years from two known hospitals in Owerri were examined for the study. The examined pregnant women were group into 160 normotensive pregnant women as control and 190 preeclamptic pregnant women. Results and Discussion: Results obtained for serum trace elements revealed significant decrease (p<0.05) in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. Antioxidant vitamins C and E; and estrogen significantly decreased (p<0.05) in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. Uric acid and C-reactive protein levels increased in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. The decrease in trace elements could be linked to development of preeclampsia since some of these trace elements perform antioxidant function. Increased antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation could be behind the reduced levels of vitamins C and E, and estrogen in preeclamptic pregnant women against normotensive pregnant women. Conclusion: This study has revealed the trace elements, antioxidants, uric acid, C-reactive proteins, and estrogen levels of preeclamptic pregnant women in Owerri, Nigeria. 

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