scholarly journals Osteosarcoma in Adolescents and Young Adults

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2684
Author(s):  
Jun Ah Lee ◽  
Jiwon Lim ◽  
Hye Young Jin ◽  
Meerim Park ◽  
Hyeon Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female

The epidemiology of osteosarcoma in adolescents and young adults (AYA) remains unclear. We aimed to assess and compare the clinical features of osteosarcoma between AYA and other age groups. We retrieved osteosarcoma cases diagnosed between 1999 and 2017 from the Korea Central Cancer Registry. We compared survival trends and clinical characteristics between AYA and other age groups. AYA comprised 43.3% (1309/3022) of the osteosarcoma cases. Compared to other age groups, the male-to-female ratio was highest in AYA (1.61:1). The proportion of tumors located in an extremity was 80.3% in AYA, which was lower than in young children (92.5%) or pubertal children (93.8%) but higher than in adults (55.7%) or the elderly (47.5%). As for treatments, 71.2% of AYA received local treatment and systemic chemotherapy, and 28.8% received only local treatment (surgery: 261, radiotherapy: 9, surgery and radiotherapy: 5). The 5-year overall survival (OS) was lower in AYA (68%) than in young children (78%) or pubertal children (73%) but higher than in adults (47%) or the elderly (25%). When AYA were divided into five subgroups by age, patients aged 15–19 years constituted the largest proportion (45.4%, n = 594). Additionally, the proportion of patients with a non-extremity tumor increased in an age-dependent manner, from 10.3% in AYA aged 15–19 years to 35.3% in AYA aged 35–39 years. OS did not significantly differ among the different age subgroups of AYA. The clinical characteristics and OS of the AYA were more similar to those of children than to those of adults. There is a need for cooperation between pediatric and adult oncologists for effective osteosarcoma treatment in AYA.

scholarly journals A study on clinical characteristics of herpes zoster in a tertiary care center

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Rachana R. ◽  
Shivaswamy K. N. ◽  
Anuradha H. V.
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Varicella Zoster ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male To Female

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Herpes zoster (HZ), also known as shingles, derived from the Latin word Cingulum, for “girdle”. This is because a common presentation of HZ involves a unilateral rash that can wrap around the waist or torso like a girdle. HZ results due to reactivation of an earlier latent infection with the varicella zoster virus (VZV) in dorsal root ganglia. It occurs at all age groups, common over 60 years of age. It is estimated that in non-immune populations, approximately 15 cases per 1000 people occur per year. The objective of the study was to study the clinical characteristics in patients with uncomplicated herpes zoster.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 72 patients attending dermatology OPD at Ramaiah medical college between June 2013 to September 2014 were recruited after obtaining informed consent. A detailed history regarding onset of rash, pain, progression, duration and distribution of the lesions were recorded. Demographic information including age, sex, and any other co morbidities noted. Tzanck smear and serology for HIV was done where-ever necessary.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Of the 72 patients, females outnumbered males [M=35(48.61%), F=37 (51.39%)] with male to female ratio of 0.9 to 1. The mean age of presentation was 58±18 years. Majority of the patients (54%) were in the age group of 51 to 70 years followed by 31-50 years (25%). Least number of cases (9%) was in the age group of 21 to 30 years. Of the 72 subjects, thoracic involvement was noted in 30.6%, followed by lumbar (22%), and trigeminal (16%). Cervical (4%) and sacral (2%) involvement was the least. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Herpes zoster commonly occurs in old age and the presenting symptom being pain and burning sensation. Thoracic dermatome is the commonest site. Immunocompromised states like diabetes, malignancy and HIV can increase the risk of developing herpes zoster.</span></p>

scholarly journals Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Early Travel-Associated COVID-19 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham M. Marei ◽  
Mohamed M. Emara ◽  
Omar M. Elsaied ◽  
Gheyath K. Nasrallah ◽  
Tawanda Chivese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Male To Female

Background: SARS-CoV-2 continues to claim hundreds of thousands of people's lives. It mostly affects the elderly and those with chronic illness but can also be fatal in younger age groups. This article is the first comprehensive analysis of the epidemiological and clinical outcomes of the travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 cases until April 19, 2020.Methods: Demographic and clinical data of travel-associated SARS-CoV-2 cases were collected for the period between January 16, 2020 and April 19, 2020. More than one hundred and eighty databases were searched, including the World Health Organization (WHO) database, countries' ministries websites, and official media sites. Demographic and clinical data were extracted and analyzed.Results: A total of 1,186 cases from 144 countries meeting the inclusion criteria were reported and included in the analysis. The mean age of the cases was 44 years, with a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Travel-associated cases originated from more than 40 countries, with China, Italy, and Iran reporting the highest numbers at 208, 225, and 155, respectively. Clinical symptoms varied between patients, with some reporting symptoms during the flights (117 cases; 9.87%). A total of 312 (26.31%) cases were hospitalized, of which 50 cases (4.22%) were fatal.Conclusion: Major gaps exist in the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of the COVID-19 travel-associated cases due to a lack of reporting and sharing data of many counties. The identification and implementation of methodologies for measuring traveler's risk to coronavirus would help in minimizing the spread of the virus, especially in the next waves.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of mycosis fungoides among children, adolescents, and young adults: Single institution study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19576-e19576
Author(s):  
Eric Taylor ◽  
Yumeng Zhang ◽  
Madeline Hooper ◽  
Lucia Seminario-Vidal ◽  
Lubomir Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Mycosis Fungoides ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Female Ratio

e19576 Background: Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common subtype of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) [1]. MF is characterized by the skin infiltrate of small to medium size T lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei. The incidence of MF increases significantly with age, with a median age at diagnosis of 60 years, and predominantly in white males [2]. The clinical outcome has not been evaluated among children, adolescents, and young adults. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes in this population. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data on 90 patients with MF at Moffitt Cancer Center between 2000 and 2020. Fifteen patients were diagnosed before the age of 20 years. Our cohort was compared to the largest US epidemiological report by Nath et al. using SEER database, which consists of 4892 patients from 1998-2008 [2]. The Chi-square test was used for comparison. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from diagnosis until death or last contact. OS between different groups was compared using the Kaplan-Meier curve. Hazard ratio and p-value were calculated using the log-rank test. Results: Of 90 patients, the median age at diagnosis was 32 years (range 6-39). The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. White and black races account for 57% and 27% of the patients. Compared to historical control, black patients were significantly higher in the current cohort (27% vs. 13%, p < 0.001). The difference widened in children and adolescents. More patients present with early stage MF in the current cohort (95.6% vs. 83%, p = 0.003). Clinical characteristics, including stage, LDH, WBC, ferritin level, were similar between children/adolescents and young adults. However, our cohort had significantly higher CD8 positive MF, and nearly half of children and adolescents were CD8 positive. Young adults had a higher rate of coexisting skin malignancy; however, this was not statistically significant due to small patient size. Time to diagnosis remained long, especially in children and adolescents’ group. However, the outcome is excellent. At a median follow-up of 4.9 years, four patients deceased, and the median OS was not reached. The prognosis remains poor in patients with advanced disease (HR = 39, p < 0.001) and large cell transformation (LCT) (HR = 8.5, p = 0.009). Conclusions: Compared to historical cohorts, higher proportion of black and female patients were noted in our young cohort with more early-stage and CD8 positive disease. This observation likely represents the different underlying biology of the disease [3]. Clinical outcome in young patients was excellent. However, patients with LCT or advanced stage carry a poor prognosis and need better therapies.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the first 500 confirmed COVID-19 inpatients in a tertiary infectious disease referral hospital in Manila, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristal An Agrupis ◽  
Chris Smith ◽  
Shuichi Suzuki ◽  
Annavi Marie Villanueva ◽  
Koya Ariyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Background The Philippines has been one of the most affected COVID-19 countries in the Western Pacific region, but there are limited data on COVID-19-related mortality and associated factors from this setting. We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and associations with mortality among COVID-19-confirmed individuals admitted to an infectious diseases referral hospital in Metro Manila. Main text This was a single-centre retrospective analysis including the first 500 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 individuals admitted to San Lazaro Hospital, Metro Manila, Philippines, from January to October 2020. We extracted clinical data and examined epidemiological and clinical characteristics and factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Of the 500 individuals, 133 (26.6%) were healthcare workers (HCW) and 367 (73.4%) were non-HCW, with HCW more likely presenting with milder symptoms. Non-HCW admissions were more likely to have at least one underlying disease (51.6% vs. 40.0%; p = 0.002), with hypertension (35.4%), diabetes (17.4%), and tuberculosis (8.2%) being the most common. Sixty-one (12.2%) died, comprising 1 HCW and 60 non-HCW (0.7% vs. 16.3%; p < 0.001). Among the non-HCW, no death occurred for the 0–10 years age group, but deaths were recorded across all other age groups. Compared to those who recovered, individuals who died were more likely to be older (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.015), report difficulty of breathing (p < 0.001), be HIV positive (p = 0.008), be intubated (p < 0.001), categorised as severe or critical (p < 0.001), have a shorter mean hospital stay (p < 0.001), or have an additional diagnosis of pneumonia (p < 0.001) or ARDS (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our analysis reflected significant differences in characteristics, symptomatology, and outcomes between healthcare and non-healthcare workers. Despite the unique mix of cohorts, our results support the country’s national guideline on COVID-19 vaccination which prioritises healthcare workers, the elderly, and people with comorbidities and immunodeficiency states.

scholarly journals The reliability and validity of a screening scale for online gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents and young adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuechan Lyu ◽  
Tianzhen Chen ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Chenyi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Online Gaming ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Screening Scale

Abstract Background In recent years, there have been frequent reports of gaming disorder in China, with more focus on young people. We developed and psychometrically tested a Gaming Disorder screening scale (i.e., Gaming Disorder Screening Scale - GDSS) for Chinese adolescents and young adults, based on the existing scales and diagnostic criteria, but also considering the development status of China. Methods For testing content and criterion validity, 1747 participants competed the GDSS and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). After 15 days, 400 participants were retested with the scales for to assess test-retest reliability. Besides, 200 game players were interviewed for a diagnosis of gaming disorder. Results The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient on the GDSS was 0.93. The test-retest coefficient of 0.79. Principal components analysis identified three factors accounting for 62.4% of the variance; behavior, functioning, cognition and emotion. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit to the data (χ2 /df = 5.581; RMSEA =0.074; TLI = 0.916, CFI = 0.928). The overall model fit was significantly good in the measurement invariance tested across genders and different age groups. Based on the clinical interview, the screening cut-off point was determined to be ≥47 (sensitivity 41.4%, specificity 82.3%). Conclusions The GDSS demonstrated good reliability and validity aspects for screening online gaming disorder among Chinese adolescents and young adults.

scholarly journals Ascitic Fluid Cytology Seen in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
CC Nwafor ◽  
K Obioha ◽  
TO Akhiwu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Fluid Cytology

Ascites is a symptom that can originate due to diverse pathologies. A lot of investigations including ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) can be done on it to help determine its origin. The aim of this study, is to document the findings and highlight the importance of AFC in patient care in Uyo. All AFC reports and slides in the Department of Histopathology, University of Uyo were retrieved, reviewed and used for this study. The age ranged from 1.5 – 80 years with mean age, 41.79 (±17.23) years. About 71.8% of the ascitic fluid (AF) specimens were from patients between the 3rd and 6th decade. Females predominated in all age groups expect 10-19 year's group, with a male to female sex ratio of 1:2.4. Malignant cells were seen in 28.7% of all the samples, while 51.2% were negative for malignant cells. Malignant cells were seen in 4 (6.7%), 11 (18.3%) and 6 (10%) of the AFC performed due to various liver pathologies, ovarian malignancies and intra-abdominal malignancies respectively. Malignant cells were found more in females with a male to female ratio of 1: 3.6. Age group 40-49 years accounted for most of the malignant cases (26.6%). The pattern of AFC in Uyo is similar to the pattern in other parts of Nigeria

scholarly journals Melanoma in Adolescents and Young Adults: Evaluation of the Characteristics, Treatment Strategies, and Prognostic Factors in a Monocentric Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Del Fiore ◽  
Irene Russo ◽  
Beatrice Ferrazzi ◽  
Alessandro Dal Monico ◽  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Tnm Classification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Veneto Region ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Caucasian Patients

The “Veneto Cancer Registry” records melanoma as the most common cancer diagnosed in males and the third common cancer in females under 50 years of age in the Veneto Region (Italy). While melanoma is rare in children, it has greater incidence in adolescents and young adults (AYA), but literature offers only few studies specifically focused on AYA melanoma. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics, surgical treatment, and prognosis of a cohort of AYA melanoma in order to contribute to the investigation of this malignancy and provide better patient care. This retrospective cohort study included 2,752 Caucasian patients (702 AYA and 2,050 non-AYA patients) from the Veneto Region who were over 15 years of age at diagnosis, and who received diagnosis and/or treatment from our institutions between 1998 and 2014. Patients were divided in adolescents and youth (15-25 years), young adults (26-39 years) and adults (more than 39 years) for the analysis. We found statistically significant differences in gender, primary site, Breslow thickness, ulceration, pathologic TNM classification (pTNM) stage and tumor subtype among the age groups. Disease-specific survival and disease-free survival were also different among the age groups. Our findings suggest that the biological behavior of melanoma in young people is different to that in adults, but not such as to represent a distinct pathological entity. Additional and larger prospective studies should be performed to better evaluate potential biological and cancer-specific differences between AYAs and the adult melanoma population.

scholarly journals Germ Cell Tumors in Adolescents and Young Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Fonseca ◽  
A. Lindsay Frazier ◽  
Furqan Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Childhood Cancers ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cancer Specialists ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Common Malignancy

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare in childhood, representing only 3.5% of childhood cancers, but a common malignancy in adolescents and young adults (AYAs), accounting for 13.9% of neoplasms in adolescents between age 15 and 19 years. The overall outcomes of patients treated for GCTs are excellent. However, as seen in other cancers, outcomes for AYA patients are significantly worse. Understanding the reasons for this observation has led to different approaches to diagnosis, staging, and treatment. The Malignant Germ Cell International Consortium was created to bring together pediatric, gynecologic, and testicular cancer specialists to promote research initiatives and provide evidence-based approaches in the management of GCTs across different age groups. Collaboration between multiple subspecialties is essential to further understand the disease continuum, the underlying biologic characteristics, and the development of appropriate therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the unique characteristics of patients with extracranial GCTs in the AYA group.

scholarly journals Aetiological factors of hoarseness in patients attending at Kathmandu University Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikash Lal Shrestha ◽  
Ram Chaya Man Amatya ◽  
Sekhar KC ◽  
Inku Shrestha ◽  
Monika Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Special Investigation ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Manual Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To evaluate the aetiological factors of hoarseness. Methods: This is a prospective, non- randomized and longitudinal study conducted from 1st august 2011 to 1st august 2012 in department of otorhinolaryngology of Kathmandu university Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal. All the patients with history of hoarseness underwent clinical examination, routine as well as special investigation to find the diagnosis. The final results were analyzed by simple manual analysis with frequency and percentage using Microsoft Excel software 2007. Results: There were total 280 patients included in the study. Among them the age groups of 21 – 30 years and 31 – 40 years were mainly suffer from hoarseness. Similarly, among 280 patients 200 (71.45%) were males whereas 80 (28.6%) were females with male to female ratio of 2.5:1.. The most common cause as per the distribution was acid peptic laryngitis with frequency of 37.8% whereas tuberculosis of larynx, papillary carcinoma of thyroid and papilloma of vocal cord accounts for only 0.4% each. Conclusion: There was etiological variation in hoarseness ranging from simple laryngitis to malignancies. So it is important not to ignore the hoarseness and precise history, examination and investigations should be done. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v19i1.11877 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 19(1): 14-17

The Histopathologic Patterns of Intracranial Neoplasms in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria: A 10-Year Retrospective Study, January 2008 to December 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S120-S121
Author(s):  
Kasiemobi Uchime ◽  
Luqman Adebayo ◽  
Charles Anunobi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasms ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasm ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Objectives Intracranial neoplasms have distinct diagnostic histologic features and some are common in certain gender and age groups. The most common intracranial neoplasm worldwide is meningioma, followed by gliomas, most especially astrocytic tumors, and then pituitary adenomas. There are geographical differences in the pattern of occurrence of intracranial neoplasms. Few studies have been done in Nigeria to demonstrate the pattern of occurrence, age, and sex distributions of these neoplasms. The aim for this study is to establish the pattern of occurrence with age and sex distribution of different histologic types of intracranial neoplasm in our environment. This study may help portray the health burden of these tumors and aid in epidemiological studies. Methods A total of 296 patients (165 females, 131 males) diagnosed with intracranial neoplasms between January 2008 and December 2017 at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ data were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, LUTH, Idi-Araba, Lagos. Histologic patterns with age and gender distribution were noted. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS version 23. Results Majority of the patients diagnosed with intracranial neoplasm were between 41 and 50 years of age. The most frequently diagnosed intracranial neoplasm at LUTH within the study period was meningioma (105 cases, median age of 42 years, male to female ratio of 3:7), followed by pituitary adenoma (78 cases, median age of 47 years, male to female ratio of 3:2), and then gliomas (66 case), most especially the astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors (median age of 37 years, male to female ratio of 2:3). Conclusion The result of the study shows that the pattern of occurrence of primary intracranial neoplasms in our environment is different from that in Caucasians, with meningiomas being the most common, followed by pituitary adenomas and then gliomas.

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