scholarly journals Salivary Gland Tissue Engineering Approaches: State of the Art and Future Directions

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Lindsay R. Piraino ◽  
Danielle S. W. Benoit ◽  
Lisa A. DeLouise
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Soluble Factors

Salivary gland regeneration is important for developing treatments for radiation-induced xerostomia, Sjögren’s syndrome, and other conditions that cause dry mouth. Culture conditions adopted from tissue engineering strategies have been used to recapitulate gland structure and function to study and regenerate the salivary glands. The purpose of this review is to highlight current trends in the field, with an emphasis on soluble factors that have been shown to improve secretory function in vitro. A PubMed search was conducted to identify articles published in the last 10 years and articles were evaluated to identify the most promising approaches and areas for further research. Results showed increasing use of extracellular matrix mimetics, such as Matrigel®, collagen, and a variety of functionalized polymers. Soluble factors that provide supportive cues, including fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and neurotrophic factors, as well as chemical inhibitors of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and transforming growth factor β receptor (TGFβR) have shown increases in important markers including aquaporin 5 (Aqp5); muscle, intestine, and stomach expression 1 (Mist1); and keratin (K5). However, recapitulation of tissue function at in vivo levels is still elusive. A focus on identification of soluble factors, cells, and/or matrix cues tested in combination may further increase the maintenance of salivary gland secretory function in vitro. These approaches may also be amenable for translation in vivo to support successful regeneration of dysfunctional glands.

scholarly journals Centrifugation Conditions in the L-PRP Preparation Affect Soluble Factors Release and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation in Fibrin Nanofibers

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melo ◽  
Luzo ◽  
Lana ◽  
Santana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Platelet Concentration ◽  
Tgf Β1

Leukocyte and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) is an autologous product that when activated forms fibrin nanofibers, which are useful in regenerative medicine. As an important part of the preparation of L-PRP, the centrifugation parameters may affect the release of soluble factors that modulate the behavior of the cells in the nanofibers. In this study, we evaluated the influences of four different centrifugation conditions on the concentration of platelets and leukocytes in L-PRP and on the anabolic/catabolic balance of the nanofiber microenvironment. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-AdMSCs) were seeded in the nanofibers, and their viability and growth were evaluated. L-PRPs prepared at 100× g and 100 + 400× g released higher levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB due to the increased platelet concentration, while inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were more significantly released from L-PRPs prepared via two centrifugation steps (100 + 400× g and 800 + 400× g) due to the increased concentration of leukocytes. Our results showed that with the exception of nanofibers formed from L-PRP prepared at 800 + 400× g, all other microenvironments were favorable for h-AdMSC proliferation. Here, we present a reproducible protocol for the standardization of L-PRP and fibrin nanofibers useful in clinical practices with known platelet/leukocyte ratios and in vitro evaluations that may predict in vivo results.

scholarly journals Estrogen Protects Lenses against Cataract Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ)

1997 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Hales ◽  
Coral G. Chamberlain ◽  
Christopher R. Murphy ◽  
John W. McAvoy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
World Population ◽  
Damaging Effects

Cataract, already a major cause of visual impairment and blindness, is likely to become an increasing problem as the world population ages. In a previous study, we showed that transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) induces rat lenses in culture to develop opacities and other changes that have many features of human subcapsular cataracts. Here we show that estrogen protects against cataract. Lenses from female rats are more resistant to TGFβ-induced cataract than those from males. Furthermore, lenses from ovariectomized females show increased sensitivity to the damaging effects of TGFβ and estrogen replacement in vivo, or exposure to estrogen in vitro, restores resistance. Sex-dependent and estrogen-related differences in susceptibility to cataract formation, consistent with a protective role for estrogen, have been noted in some epidemiological studies. The present study in the rat indicates that estrogen provides protection against cataract by countering the damaging effects of TGFβ. It also adds to an increasing body of evidence that hormone replacement therapy protects postmenopausal women against various diseases.

scholarly journals NIM811 downregulates transforming growth factor-β signal transduction in vivo and in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 522-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING CHEN ◽  
DIAN-GANG LIU ◽  
HUI WANG ◽  
XIAO-NING WU ◽  
MIN CONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β

scholarly journals Transforming Growth Factor β and Immunosuppression in Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1233-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virmondes Rodrigues ◽  
João Santana da Silva ◽  
Antonio Campos-Neto
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

ABSTRACT Hamsters infected with Leishmania donovani develop a disease similar to human kala-azar. They present hypergammaglobulinemia, and their T cells do not respond to parasite antigens. This unresponsiveness has been primarily ascribed to defects in antigen-presenting cells (APCs), because these cells are unable to stimulate proliferation of parasite-specific T cells from immunized animals. In this study, we show that APCs (adherent spleen cells) fromL. donovani-infected hamsters produce high levels of the inhibitory cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Immunohistochemical studies with an anti-TGF-β monoclonal antibody (MAb) showed that this cytokine is abundantly produced in vivo by the spleen cells of infected animals. In addition, high levels of TGF-β are produced in vitro by infected hamster cells, either spontaneously or after stimulation with parasite antigen or lipopolysaccharide. Furthermore, in vivo-infected adherent cells obtained from spleens ofL. donovani-infected hamsters caused profound inhibition of the in vitro antigen-induced proliferative response of lymph node cells from hamsters immunized with leishmanial antigens. Moreover, this inhibition was totally abrogated by the anti-TGF-β MAb. These results suggest that the immunosuppression observed in visceral leishmaniasis is, at least in part, due to the abundant production of TGF-β during the course of the infection.

scholarly journals Role of the Latent Transforming Growth Factor β-Binding Protein 1 in Fibrillin-Containing Microfibrils in Bone Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Dallas ◽  
Douglas R. Keene ◽  
Scott P. Bruder ◽  
Juha Saharinen ◽  
Lynn Y. Sakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β

scholarly journals Transforming Growth Factor-β Mediates Intestinal Healing and Susceptibility to Injury in Vitro and in Vivo Through Epithelial Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Beck ◽  
Ian M. Rosenberg ◽  
Ramnik J. Xavier ◽  
Theodore Koh ◽  
Josée F. Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β
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