scholarly journals Kinetic Modelling of the Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Fischer-Tropsch Water over Ceria-Zirconia Supported Nickel-Copper Catalyst

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Coronado ◽  
Aitor Arandia ◽  
Matti Reinikainen ◽  
Reetta Karinen ◽  
Riikka L. Puurunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Copper Catalyst ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Packed Bed Reactor ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Aqueous Phase Reforming ◽  
Ft Synthesis ◽  
Nickel Copper

In the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis, a mixture of CO and H2 is converted into hydrocarbons and water with diluted organics. This water fraction with oxygenated hydrocarbons can be processed through aqueous-phase reforming (APR) to produce H2. Therefore, the APR of FT water may decrease the environmental impact of organic waters and improve the efficiency of the FT process. This work aimed at developing a kinetic model for the APR of FT water. APR experiments were conducted with real FT water in a continuous packed-bed reactor at different operating conditions of temperature (210–240 °C), pressure (3.2–4.5 MPa) and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) (40–200 h−1) over a nickel-copper catalyst supported on ceria-zirconia. The kinetic model considered C1-C4 alcohols as reactants, H2, CO, CO2 and CH4 as the gaseous products, and acetic acid as the only liquid product. The kinetic model included seven reactions, the reaction rates of which were expressed with power law equations. The kinetic parameters were estimated with variances and confidence intervals that explain the accuracy of the model to estimate the outlet liquid composition resulting from the APR of FT water. The kinetic model developed in this work may facilitate the development of APR to be integrated in a FT synthesis process.

Design Criteria and Optimization of Heat Recovery Steam Cycles for High-Efficiency, Coal-Fired, Fischer-Tropsch Plants

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Martelli ◽  
Thomas G. Kreutz ◽  
Manuele Gatti ◽  
Paolo Chiesa ◽  
Stefano Consonni
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Ft Synthesis ◽  
Optimization Methodology ◽  
Integrated Gasification

In this work, the “HRSC Optimizer”, a recently developed optimization methodology for the design of Heat Recovery Steam Cycles (HRSCs), Steam Generators (HRSGs) and boilers, is applied to the design of steam cycles for three interesting coal fired, gasification based, plants with CO2 capture: a Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis process with high recycle fraction of the unconverted FT gases (CTL-RC-CCS), a FT synthesis process with once-through reactor (CTL-OT-CCS), and an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC-CCS) based on the same technologies. The analysis reveals that designing efficient HRSCs for the IGCC and the once-through FT plant is relatively straightforward, while designing the HRSC for plant CTL-RC-CCS is very challenging because the recoverable thermal power is concentrated at low temperatures (i.e., below 260 °C) and only a small fraction can be used to superheat steam. As a consequence of the improved heat integration, the electric efficiency of the three plants is increased by about 2 percentage points with respect to the solutions previously published.

Mastering a biphasic single-reactor process for direct conversion of glycerol into liquid hydrocarbon fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 2128-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Ordomsky ◽  
A. Y. Khodakov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Fischer Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Aqueous Phase Reforming ◽  
Long Chain

Combination of aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol and Fischer–Tropsch synthesis in a single biphasic reactor in the presence of an acid leads to formation of long chain alkanes.

scholarly journals Aqueous-phase reforming of Fischer-Tropsch alcohols over nickel-based catalysts to produce hydrogen: Product distribution and reaction pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Coronado ◽  
Martina Pitínová ◽  
Reetta Karinen ◽  
Matti Reinikainen ◽  
Riikka L. Puurunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Aqueous Phase Reforming

Predicting the Performance of System for the Co-Production of Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Liquid and Power From Coal

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Wang ◽  
Yunhan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Production System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Chain Growth ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Ft Synthesis

A co-production system based on FT synthesis reactor and gas turbine was simulated and analyzed. Syngas from entrained bed coal gasification was used as feedstock of low temperature slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch reactor. Raw synthetic liquid produced was fractioned and upgraded to diesel, gasoline and LPG. Tail gas composed of unconverted syngas and F-T light component was fed to gas turbine. Supplemental fuel (NG, or refinery mine gas) might be necessary, which was dependent on gas turbine capacity, expander through flow capacity, etc. FT yield information was important to the simulation of this co-production system. A correlation model based on Mobil’s two step pilot plant was applied. This model proposed triple chain-length-dependent chain growth factors and set up correlations among reaction temperature with wax yield, methane yield, and C2-C22 paraffin and olefin yields. Oxygenates in hydrocarbon phase, water phase and vapor phase were also correlated with methane yield. It was suitable for syngas, iron catalyst and slurry bed. It can show the effect of temperature on products’ selectivity and distribution. Deviations of C5+ components yields and distributions with reference data were less than 3%. To light gas components were less than 2%. User models available to predict product yields, distributions, cooperate with other units and do sensitive studies were embedded into Aspen plus simulation. Performance prediction of syngas fired gas turbine was the other key of this system. The increase in mass flow through the turbine affects the match between compressor and turbine operating conditions. The calculation was carried out by GS software developed by Politecnico Di Milano and Princeton University. The simulated performance assumed that the expander operates under choked conditions and turbine inlet temperature equals to NG fired gas turbine. A “F” technology gas turbine was selected to generate power. Various cases were investigated so as to match FT synthesis island, power island and gasification island in co-production systems. Effects of CO2 removal/LPG recovery, co-firing, CH4 content variation were studied. Simulation results indicated that more than 50% of input energy was converted to electricity and FT products. Total yield of gasoline, diesel and LPG was 136g-155g/NM3(CO+H2). At coal feed 21.9kg/s, net electricity exported to grid was higher than 100MW. Total production of diesel and gasoline (and LPG) was 118,000 tons(134,000tons)/Year. Under economic analysis conditions assumed in this paper, co-production system was economic feasible. The after tax profits can research 17 million EURO. Payback times were ranged from 6-7 years.

Modelling of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
pp. 274-281
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kazemeini ◽  
Reza Maleki ◽  
Moslem Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Respective Rate

The FT reaction involves the conversion of syngas which is derived from natural gas or coal to different kinds of products according to the operating conditions and the type of the catalyst. In other words, it is a practical way to convert solid fuel (coal) and natural gas to various hydrocarbons (C1-C60) and oxygenates such as alkanes, alkenes etc. The main products of the reaction are naphtha and gasoline. This paper deals with developing a proper product distribution model for FT process using the appropriate kinetic model, optimizing the respective rate constants while applying them in product distribution equations. The results revealed only 8.09% deviations from the olefin experimental data and 10.27% deviations from the paraffin experimental data being acceptable when compared with previous open literature data.

scholarly journals Aqueous phase reforming of pilot-scale Fischer-Tropsch water effluent for sustainable hydrogen production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Zoppi ◽  
Giuseppe Pipitone ◽  
Hannes Gruber ◽  
Gerald Weber ◽  
Alexander Reichhold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Aqueous Phase Reforming

Predicting the Performance of System for the Co-production of Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Liquid and Power from Coal

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Wang ◽  
Yunhan Xiao ◽  
Song Xu ◽  
Zhigang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Production System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Chain Growth ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Co2 Removal ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Ft Synthesis

A co-production system based on Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reactor and gas turbine was simulated and analyzed. Syngas from entrained bed coal gasification was used as feedstock of the low-temperature slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch reactor. Raw synthetic liquid produced was fractioned and upgraded to diesel, gasoline, and liquid petrol gas (LPG). Tail gas composed of unconverted syngas and FT light components was fed to the gas turbine. Supplemental fuel (NG, or refinery mine gas) might be necessary, which was dependent on gas turbine capacity, expander through flow capacity, etc. FT yield information was important to the simulation of this co-production system. A correlation model based on Mobil’s two step pilot plant was applied. This model proposed triple chain-length-dependent chain growth factors and set up correlations among reaction temperatures with wax yield, methane yield, and C2–C22 paraffin and olefin yields. Oxygenates in the hydrocarbon, water, and vapor phases were also correlated with methane yield. It was suitable for syngas, iron catalyst, and slurry bed. We can show the effect of temperature on the products’ selectivity and distribution. User models that can predict product yields and cooperate with other units were embedded into Aspen plus simulation. Performance prediction of syngas fired gas turbine was the other key of this system. The increase in mass flow through the turbine affects the match between compressor and turbine operating conditions. The calculation was carried out by GS software developed by Politecnico Di Milano and Princeton University. The simulated performance assumed that the expander operates under choked conditions and turbine inlet temperature equals the NG fired gas turbine. A “F” technology gas turbine was selected to generate power. Various cases were investigated to match the FT synthesis island, power island, and gasification island in co-production systems. Effects of CO2 removal/LPG recovery, co-firing, and CH4 content variation were studied. Simulation results indicated that more than 50% of input energy was converted to electricity and FT products. Total yield of gasoline, diesel, and LPG was 136–155g∕Nm3(CO+H2). At coal feed of 21.9kg∕s, net electricity exported to the grid was higher than 100MW. Total production of diesel and gasoline (and LPG) was 118,000t(134,000t)∕year. Under the economic analysis conditions assumed in this paper, the co-production system was economically feasible. The after tax profits can research 17 million euro. Payback times ranged from 6 to 7 years.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Kinetic Model of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Supported Cobalt Catalyst

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Jalilzadeh ◽  
Mahmoud Moqadam
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Rate Equations ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Fischer Tropsch Synthesis

A comprehensive kinetic model of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is developed in a fixed bed reactor under operating conditions (temperature, 230–235°C, pressure, 20–25 bar, gas hourly space velocity, 4000–5000 cm3(STP)/h/gcatalyst ,H2/CO feed molar ratio, 2.1) over a Co based catalyst. Reaction rate equations based on Eley-Rideal (ER) type model for initiation step and Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) type model for propagation and termination steps of the FTS reactions have been considered and the readsorption of olefins were taken into account. The model that was reported in the literature was modified in order to explain many significant deviations from the ASF distribution. Optimum parameters have been obtained by Genetic Algorithms (GA). The calculated activation energies to produce n-paraffins and 1-olefins were in the range of 82.24 to 90.68 kJ/mol and 100.66 to 105.24 kJ/mol, respectively. The hydrocarbon distribution in FTS reactions was satisfactorily predicted particularly for paraffins.

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