scholarly journals A Review of the Enhancement of Bio-Hydrogen Generation by Chemicals Addition

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sun ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Gang Yang ◽  
Guangzhi Sun ◽  
Valérie Sage
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Metal Addition

Bio-hydrogen production (BHP) produced from renewable bio-resources is an attractive route for green energy production, due to its compelling advantages of relative high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and lower ecological impact. This study reviewed different BHP pathways, and the most important enzymes involved in these pathways, to identify technological gaps and effective approaches for process intensification in industrial applications. Among the various approaches reviewed in this study, a particular focus was set on the latest methods of chemicals/metal addition for improving hydrogen generation during dark fermentation (DF) processes; the up-to-date findings of different chemicals/metal addition methods have been quantitatively evaluated and thoroughly compared in this paper. A new efficiency evaluation criterion is also proposed, allowing different BHP processes to be compared with greater simplicity and validity.

scholarly journals Photoautotrophs–Bacteria Co-Cultures: Advances, Challenges and Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3027
Author(s):  
Viviana Scognamiglio ◽  
Maria Teresa Giardi ◽  
Daniele Zappi ◽  
Eleftherios Touloupakis ◽  
Amina Antonacci
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Photosynthetic Microorganisms ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Adaptable Behavior

Photosynthetic microorganisms are among the fundamental living organisms exploited for millennia in many industrial applications, including the food chain, thanks to their adaptable behavior and intrinsic proprieties. The great multipotency of these photoautotroph microorganisms has been described through their attitude to become biofarm for the production of value-added compounds to develop functional foods and personalized drugs. Furthermore, such biological systems demonstrated their potential for green energy production (e.g., biofuel and green nanomaterials). In particular, the exploitation of photoautotrophs represents a concrete biorefinery system toward sustainability, currently a highly sought-after concept at the industrial level and for the environmental protection. However, technical and economic issues have been highlighted in the literature, and in particular, challenges and limitations have been identified. In this context, a new perspective has been recently considered to offer solutions and advances for the biomanufacturing of photosynthetic materials: the co-culture of photoautotrophs and bacteria. The rational of this review is to describe the recently released information regarding this microbial consortium, analyzing the critical issues, the strengths and the next challenges to be faced for the intentions attainment.

scholarly journals Wind Farm Cable Connection Layout Optimization with Several Substations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3615
Author(s):  
Adelaide Cerveira ◽  
Eduardo J. Solteiro Pires ◽  
José Baptista
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Cable Connection

Green energy has become a media issue due to climate changes, and consequently, the population has become more aware of pollution. Wind farms are an essential energy production alternative to fossil energy. The incentive to produce wind energy was a government policy some decades ago to decrease carbon emissions. In recent decades, wind farms were formed by a substation and a couple of turbines. Nowadays, wind farms are designed with hundreds of turbines requiring more than one substation. This paper formulates an integer linear programming model to design wind farms’ cable layout with several turbines. The proposed model obtains the optimal solution considering different cable types, infrastructure costs, and energy losses. An additional constraint was considered to limit the number of cables that cross a walkway, i.e., the number of connections between a set of wind turbines and the remaining wind farm. Furthermore, considering a discrete set of possible turbine locations, the model allows identifying those that should be present in the optimal solution, thereby addressing the optimal location of the substation(s) in the wind farm. The paper illustrates solutions and the associated costs of two wind farms, with up to 102 turbines and three substations in the optimal solution, selected among sixteen possible places. The optimal solutions are obtained in a short time.

Photoelectrocatalysis as a high-efficiency platform for pulping wastewater treatment and energy production

2021 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 128612
Author(s):  
Himadri Rajput ◽  
Eilhann E. Kwon ◽  
Sherif A. Younis ◽  
Seunghyun Weon ◽  
Tae Hwa Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
High Efficiency

The reverse water gas shift reaction: a process systems engineering perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam González-Castaño ◽  
Bogdan Dorneanu ◽  
Harvey Arellano-García
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Process Systems ◽  
Reverse Water Gas Shift ◽  
Reaction Thermodynamics ◽  
Rwgs Reaction ◽  
Shift Reaction

RWGS reaction thermodynamics, mechanisms and kinetics. Process design and process intensification – from lab scale to industrial applications and CO2 value chains. Pathways for further improvement of catalytic systems, reactor and process design.

Robotics Application in Remote Data Acquisition and Control for Solar Ponds

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 705-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elbanhawi ◽  
Milan Simic
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Solar Ponds ◽  
And Control ◽  
Remote Data

This paper presents one application of industrial robots in the automation of renewable energy production. The robot supports remote performance monitoring and maintenance of salinity gradient solar ponds. The details of the design, setup and the use of the robot sampling station and the remote Data Acquisition (DAQ) system are given here. The use of a robot arm, to position equipment and sensors, provides accurate and reliable real time data needed for autonomous monitoring and control of this type of green energy production. Robot upgrade of solar ponds can be easily integrated with existing systems. Data logged by the proposed system can be remotely accessed, plotted and analysed. Thus the simultaneous and remote monitoring of a large scale network of ponds can be easily implemented. This provides a fully automated solution to the monitoring and control of green energy production operations, which can be used to provide heat and electricity to buildings. Remote real time monitoring will facilitate the setup and operations of several solar ponds around cities.

Weakened Lattice-Strain Effect in MoOx@NPC-Supported Ruthenium Dots toward High-Efficiency Hydrogen Generation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Song ◽  
Haeseong Jang ◽  
Chuang Li ◽  
Min Gyu Kim ◽  
Xuqiang Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Lattice Strain ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Crystalline Substance ◽  
Strain Effect

Designing conductive amorphous buffer layer between crystals (or lowering the crystallinity of one component) to minimize lattice-strain influence between highly crystalline substance and nearby constitute, alleviating the lattice strain thus...

Polymetallic Nodules: Resource Potential and Mining Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Rahul Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Critical Metals ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Polymetallic Nodules ◽  
International Seabed Authority

Abstract Deep-sea minerals such as polymetallic nodules have attracted significant interest among stakeholders not only for evaluating their potential as an alternative source of critical metals that are required for various industrial applications including green energy but also in developing technology for their exploitation. There has been a steady increase in the number of contractors having exploration rights over large tracts on the seafloor in the “Area,” and the International Seabed Authority that is mandated with the responsibility of regulating such activities is in the process of preparing a code for exploitation of these deep-sea minerals. This commentary takes a look at the resource potential and mining prospects of polymetallic nodules while addressing the economic and environmental issues associated with them.

scholarly journals Red Mud-Based Polyaluminum Ferric Chloride Flocculant: Preparation, Characterization and Flocculation Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Longjun Xu ◽  
Chenglun Liu ◽  
Zao Jiang ◽  
Qiyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Mud ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Iron Chloride ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polymerization Temperature ◽  
Solution Ph

Abstract In this work, red mud was used as raw material to extract Al and Fe with hydrochloric acid. The high-efficiency polyaluminum iron chloride (PAFC) flocculant was prepared via adjusting the pH of the leaching solution, the molar ratio of aluminum and iron, and the polymerization temperature. The effect of synthesis and flocculation conditions on the flocculation performance of aged landfill leachate was investigated. The results confirmed that the PAFC prepared at the polymerization pH of 2.5, the Al/Fe molar ratio of 8, and the polymerization temperature of 70 °C had the optimum flocculation effect. The flocculation consequences of PAFC and commercial polyaluminum iron chloride flocculant (CPAFC) under different flocculation conditions were compared. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), UV254, chroma and settlement height of PAFC at flocculant concentration of 60 g/L and solution pH of 6 were 72.2%, 79.2%, 82.9% and 9.5 cm (within 90 min), respectively. PAFC has excellent flocculation performance and can be used as a simple, potentially low-cost wastewater treatment agent in industrial applications.

A Family of High-Efficiency Hydrogen-Generation Catalysts Based on Ammonium Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 (32) ◽  
pp. 9460-9464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilin Lu ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
Shaowei Zhang ◽  
Faliang Li
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hydrogen Generation
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