scholarly journals Simulating Real World Soot-Catalyst Contact Conditions for Lab-Scale Catalytic Soot Oxidation Studies

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsheng Su ◽  
Yujun Wang ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Paul McGinn
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust System ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Contact Condition ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Soot Deposition ◽  
Diesel Soot Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Soot Oxidation ◽  
Engine Testing ◽  
Set Up

In diesel soot oxidation studies, both well-defined model soot and a reliable means to simulate realistic contact conditions with catalysts are crucial. This study is the first attempt in the field to establish a lab-scale continuous flame soot deposition method in simulating the “contact condition” of soot and a structured diesel particulate filter (DPF) catalyst. The properties of this flame soot were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structure analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) for surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for reactivity and kinetics analysis. For validation purposes, catalytic oxidation of Tiki® soot using the simulated contact condition was conducted to compare with the diesel particulates collected from a real diesel engine exhaust system. It was found that the flame soot is more uniform and controllable than similar samples of collected diesel particulates. The change in T50 due to the presence of the catalyst is very similar in both cases, implying that the flame deposit method is able to produce comparably realistic contact conditions to that resulting from the real exhaust system. Comparing against the expensive engine testing, this novel method allows researchers to quickly set up a procedure in the laboratory scale to reveal the catalytic soot oxidation properties in a comparable loose contact condition.

scholarly journals Effect of Cs–Ce–Zr Catalysts/Soot Contact Conditions on Diesel Soot Oxidation

ACS Omega ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 6984-6990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Sui ◽  
Yongtao Wang ◽  
Hongquan Kang ◽  
Hongzhou Dong ◽  
Lifeng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Diesel Soot Oxidation

Boundary Conditions for Combustion Field and LB Simulation of Diesel Particulate Filter

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 769-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Soot Combustion ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Soot Deposition ◽  
Lattice Boltzmann Simulation

AbstractA diesel particulate filter (DPF) is a key technology to meet future emission standards of particulate matters (PM), mainly soot. It is generally consists of a wall-flow type filter positioned in the exhaust stream of a diesel vehicle. It is difficult to simulate the thermal flow in DPF, because we need to consider the soot deposition and combustion in the complex geometry of filter wall. In our previous study, we proposed an approach for the conjugate simulation of gas-solid flow. That is, the gas phase was simulated by the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), coupled with the equation of heat conduction inside the solid filter substrate. However, its numerical procedure was slightly complex. In this study, to reduce numerical costs, we have tested a new boundary condition with chemical equilibrium in soot combustion at the surface of filter substrate. Based on the soot oxidation rate with catalysts evaluated in experiments, the lattice Boltzmann simulation of soot combustion in the catalyzed DPF is firstly presented to consider the process in the after-treatment of diesel exhaust gas. The heat and mass transfer is shown to discuss the effect of catalysts.

A Novel α-Al2O3 Diesel Particulate Filter with Alkali Metal-Based Catalyst for Diesel Soot Oxidation

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-8) ◽  
pp. 473-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Mizutani ◽  
Kensuke Takizawa ◽  
Hironobu Shimokawa ◽  
Takumi Suzawa ◽  
Naohisa Ohyama
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Diesel Soot Oxidation ◽  
Α Al2o3

scholarly journals Gasoline Particulate Filter Accelerated Aging Processes - a Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-294
Author(s):  
Péter Nagy ◽  
Ibolya Zsoldos
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gasoline Particulate Filter ◽  
Engine Testing

This article briefly presents the testing processes of vehicle and engine testing on chassis and engine dynamometers in a laboratory environment and their development trend due to the stricter environmental regulations. It then explains the test cycles that form the basis of the measurements and their effect on emissions and components of the exhaust system. It briefly summarizes the potential processes of soot formation. It researches and describes the possibilities of reducing the duration and costs of testing and inspection processes in the field of particulate emissions of internal combustion engines.

Catalytic Soot Oxidation Over Ce- and Cu-Doped Hydrotalcites-Derived Mesoporous Mixed Oxides

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 7087-7096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongpeng Wang ◽  
Liguo Wang ◽  
Fang He ◽  
Zheng Jiang ◽  
Tiancun Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Soot Oxidation

A novel catalyst for diesel soot oxidation

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 334-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Uner ◽  
M.K. Demirkol ◽  
B. Dernaika
Keyword(s):  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Diesel Soot Oxidation ◽  
Novel Catalyst

scholarly journals Nanostructure changes in diesel soot during NO2–O2 oxidation under diesel particulate filter-like conditions toward filter regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 953-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhu Singh ◽  
Mek Srilomsak ◽  
Yujun Wang ◽  
Katsunori Hanamura ◽  
Randy Vander Wal
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Particulate Filter ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Fringe Analysis ◽  
Diesel Particulate ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Passive Regeneration

Development of the regeneration process on diesel particulate filters requires a better understanding of soot oxidation phenomena, especially its relation to soot nanostructure. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is known to play an essential role in passive regeneration by oxidizing soot at low temperatures, especially in the presence of oxygen (O2) in the exhaust. However, change in soot nanostructure due to oxidation by NO2–O2 mixtures has not received much attention. This work focuses on nanostructure evolution during passive regeneration of the diesel particulate filter by oxidation of soot at normal exhaust gas temperatures (300°C–400°C). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy of partially oxidized model carbons (R250, M1300, arc-generated soot) and diesel soot under NO2–O2 mixtures is used to investigate physical changes in nanostructure correlating with the material’s behavior during oxidation. Microscopy reveals the changing nanostructure of model carbons during oxidation while fringe analysis of the images points to the differences in the structural metrics of fringe length and tortuosity of the resultant structures. The variation in oxidation rates highlights the inter-dependence of the material’s reactivity with its structure. NO2 preferentially oxidizes edge-site carbon, promotes surface oxidation by altering the particle’s burning mode with increased overall reactivity of NO2+O2 resulting in inhibition of internal burning, typically observed by O2 at exhaust gas temperatures.

scholarly journals Mesoporous manganese oxides for NO2 assisted catalytic soot oxidation

2017 ◽  
Vol 201 ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niluka D. Wasalathanthri ◽  
Thomas M. SantaMaria ◽  
David A. Kriz ◽  
Shanka L. Dissanayake ◽  
Chung-Hao Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Soot Oxidation

Synthesis and Catalytic Activity Studies of V/K/Ca and V/Ks/Ce Based Catalysts for Diesel Soot Oxidation

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 1995-1998
Author(s):  
Yong Heng Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Amorphous Phase ◽  
Porous Alumina ◽  
Soot Oxidation ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Oxidation Activity ◽  
Diesel Soot Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Onset Temperature ◽  
Catalyst Systems

The catalysts based on V/K/Ca and V/Ks/Ce systems for diesel soot catalytic oxidation were synthesized onto the porous alumina substrates. Both catalyst systems showed a good catalytic oxidation activity. The V/K/Ca system exhibited the lowest oxidation onset temperature (OOT) of about 359oC with a composition of V/K/Ca =1:1:0.1 where the V and Ca and/or K elements could form a kind of amorphous phase that determined the catalytic activity. The V/Ks/Ce system displayed the lowest OOT of about 350oC with a composition of V/Ks/Ce = 1:2:0.1 where the K2SO4 and K5V2O3(SO4)4 phases could contribute most to the catalytic activity.

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