scholarly journals Adjuvant Biophysical Therapies in Osteosarcoma

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Carina ◽  
Viviana Costa ◽  
Maria Sartori ◽  
Daniele Bellavia ◽  
Angela De Luca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone sarcoma, manifesting as osteogenesis by malignant cells. Nowadays, patients’ quality of life has been improved, however continuing high rates of limb amputation, pulmonary metastasis and drug toxicity, remain unresolved issues. Thus, effective osteosarcoma therapies are still required. Recently, the potentialities of biophysical treatments in osteosarcoma have been evaluated and seem to offer a promising future, thanks in this field as they are less invasive. Several approaches have been investigated such as hyperthermia (HT), high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and sono- and photodynamic therapies (SDT, PDT). This review aims to summarize in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials employing biophysical stimuli in osteosarcoma treatment. The findings underscore how the technological development of biophysical therapies might represent an adjuvant role and, in some cases, alternative role to the surgery, radio and chemotherapy treatment of OS. Among them, the most promising are HIFU and HT, which are already employed in OS patient treatment, while LIPUS/SDT and PDT seem to be particularly interesting for their low toxicity.

In vitro and in vivo brain ablation created by high-intensity focused ultrasound and monitored by MRI

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Damianou ◽  
K. Ioannides ◽  
V. Hadjisavvas ◽  
N. Mylonas ◽  
A. Couppis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound

The myelotoxicity of chloramphenicol: in vitro and in vivo studies: I. In vitro effects on cells in culture

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 570-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Holt ◽  
TA Ryder ◽  
A. Fairbairn ◽  
R. Hurley ◽  
D. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Aplastic Anaemia ◽  
Monkey Kidney ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Morphological Effect ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
In Vitro Effects

1 Chloramphenicol is used extensively in non-industria lized countries for the treatment of life-threatening infections because it is cheap and effective, despite its known hemotoxicity and linkage to fatal aplastic anaemia. It is important to define the mechanism of toxicity so that means can be devised to ameliorate the toxic effects in order to produce safer usage. 2 Chloramphenicol, at concentrations from 5 mM to 2 mM initiated apoptosis in dividing cells from a monkey kidney-derived cell line and in haematopoie tic progenitor cells from human neonatal cord blood. 3 Growth of progenitor cells was suppressed at concen trations of chloramphenicol which would be consid ered less than therapeutic during patient treatment. 4 These effects could be ameliorated in progenitor cells by co-culture with the antioxidant mercaptoethyla mine and in monkey kidney cells by co-culture with vitamin C. 5 This is the first report of apoptosis in chloramphenicol toxicity and suggests a possible link between a metabolic event i.e. the production of free radicals; a morphological effect, apoptosis; and a clinical effect, bone marrow suppression and aplastic anaemia.

scholarly journals Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Bone Tissue Engineering

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1488
Author(s):  
Colleen McCarthy ◽  
Gulden Camci-Unal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Low Intensity

As explained by Wolff’s law and the mechanostat hypothesis, mechanical stimulation can be used to promote bone formation. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a source of mechanical stimulation that can activate the integrin/phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase/Akt pathway and upregulate osteogenic proteins through the production of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This paper analyzes the results of in vitro and in vivo studies that have evaluated the effects of LIPUS on cell behavior within three-dimensional (3D) titanium, ceramic, and hydrogel scaffolds. We focus specifically on cell morphology and attachment, cell proliferation and viability, osteogenic differentiation, mineralization, bone volume, and osseointegration. As shown by upregulated levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, increased mineral deposition, improved cell ingrowth, greater scaffold pore occupancy by bone tissue, and superior vascularization, LIPUS generally has a positive effect and promotes bone formation within engineered scaffolds. Additionally, LIPUS can have synergistic effects by producing the piezoelectric effect and enhancing the benefits of 3D hydrogel encapsulation, growth factor delivery, and scaffold modification. Additional research should be conducted to optimize the ultrasound parameters and evaluate the effects of LIPUS with other types of scaffold materials and cell types.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Hat-Type Ablation Mode

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 3373-3382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongya Dai ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Sijing Yan ◽  
Xiaoya Ding ◽  
Dazhao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound

scholarly journals Pulsed Ultrasound Assisted Thermo-Therapy for Subsurface Tumor Ablation: A Numerical Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajendra Singh ◽  
Abhijit Paul ◽  
Himanshu Shekhar ◽  
Anup Paul
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Pressure Amplitude ◽  
Thermal Dose ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Layered Model

Abstract High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a promising therapy for thermal ablation and hyperthermia, characterized by its non-invasiveness and high penetration depth. Effective HIFU thermo-therapy requires the ability to accurately predict temperature elevation and corresponding thermal dose distribution in target tissues. We report a parametric numerical study of the thermal response and corresponding of thermal dose in a soft tissue in response to ultrasound. We compared the predictions of tissue models with two, three, and seven layers, to ultrasound-induced heating at duty cycles ranging from 0.6 and 0.9. Further, two tumor sizes and transducer powers (10 W and 15 W) were considered. The inhomogeneous Helmholtz equation was coupled with the Pennes bio-heat equation to predict heating in response to pulsed ultrasound. Necrotic lesion size was calculated using the cumulative equivalent minute (CEM) thermal dose function. In-vitro experiments were performed with agar-based tissue phantoms as a preliminary validation of the numerical results. The simulations conducted with the seven-layered model predicted up to 33.5% lower peak pressure amplitude than the three-layered model. As the ultrasound pulse width decreased with the equivalent sonication time fixed, the corresponding magnitude of the peak temperature and the rate of temperature rise decreased. Pulsed ultrasound resulted in the increased volume of necrotic lesions for an equivalent time of sonication. The findings of this study highlight the dependence of HIFU-induced heating on target geometry and acoustic properties and could help guide the choice of suitable ultrasound exposure parameters for further studies.

scholarly journals High-intensity focused ultrasound enhances the cisplatin sensitivity to human non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Wang ◽  
Huijun Fan ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Yunlu Bai ◽  
Wenyan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Nsclc Patient ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Abstract BackgroundThe incidence and mortality of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) rank first among malignant tumors worldwide. Cisplatin (CDDP) is currently the first-line chemotherapy drug used in clinical practice. However, the underlying mechanism that NSCLC cells are resistant to CDDP has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the exact function of chemotherapy resistance and improve the anti-tumor effect of CDDP treatment.MethodWe investigated the surviving fraction of H1299 and A549 cells treated with different High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and various CDDP concentrations. HIFU (400W/cm2) and CDDP (10 μM) were selected to probe the further function in H1299 and A549 cells. Flow cytometry, MTT, and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate the apoptosis and proliferative effect of HIFU and CDDP on NSCLC cells. Transwell assays were used to analyze the migration and invasion abilities of NSCLC cells with HIFU and CDDP treatments. Platinum (Pt) accumulation was further measured in H1299 and A549 cells with different treatments. Finally, An NSCLC patient-derived xenograft model was used to explore the effect of HIFU and CDDP on NSCLC tumor growth.ResultsHIFU combined with CDDP can markedly reduce the surviving rate and promote the apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with HIFU and CDDP significantly inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells compared to that with any single treatment. Moreover, the combined therapy can effectively promote Pt accumulation in NSCLC cells. Further functional analysis suggested that HIFU combined with CDDP can inhibit tumor growth in an NSCLC patient-derived xenograft model. Finally, the CDDP method effectively upregulated the expression level of apoptosis-related protein, cleaved-PARP, which could be further enhanced by the HIFU treatment.ConclusionOur results revealed that HIFU enhances the anti-NSCLC effect of CDDP both in vitro and in vivo, providing a promising combination therapy for clinical NSCLC treatment.

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